Large-flowered St. John's wort
| Large-flowered St. John's wort | ||||||||||||
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Large-flowered St. John's wort in Japan |
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| Hypericum patulum | ||||||||||||
| Thunb. |
The large-flowered St. John's Wort ( Hypericum patulum ) is a plant type from the genus of hypericum ( Hypericum ) in the family of hypericaceae (Hypericaceae).
description
Vegetative characteristics
The large-flowered St. John's wort is a shrub that reaches heights of 0.3 to 1.5 (rarely up to 3) m with protruding branches and occasionally weak foliage. The branches show four lines or are square in their youth, but they are soon marked with only two lines and eventually grow as twisting branches. The internodes have a length of 0.8 to 4 cm and are therefore usually shorter than the leaves .
The leaves consist of a 0.5 to 2 mm long petiole and a lanceolate, elongated lanceolate to egg-shaped or elongated egg-shaped blade that is thickly paper-like and blue-green in color on the back. The leaf base is narrow or broadly wedge-shaped to short narrowly tapering. The tip of the leaf is truncated, pointed to rounded, pointed. The glands on the leaf surface are briefly streaked and spotted, on the back of the leaf they are more or less dense. Three pairs of side veins extend from the midrib, the vein between these veins can hardly be made out. The length of the leaves is between 1.5 and 6 cm, the width between 0.5 and 3 cm.
Inflorescences and flowers
The inflorescences consist of one to 15 flowers that arise from one or two nodes . Occasionally a short terminal internode is formed and / or one to three-flowered branches develop from the center of the inflorescence axis. The bracts are sloping, narrowly elliptical to narrowly elongated. The flower stalks are 2 to 4 (rarely up to 7) mm long.
The flowers measure 2.5 to 4 cm in diameter and are more or less cup-shaped. The buds are broadly ovate with a blunt tip. The sepals stand upright, are almost identical to unevenly shaped, often reddish in color. Their shape ranges from broadly ovoid or broadly elliptical to almost circular to elongated ovoid or vice versa ovoid-spatulate. The edges are jagged-tooth-shaped to ciliate with a noticeably translucent edge. The tips are blunt to rounded or indented. The sepals are between 5 and 10 mm long and 3.5 to 7 mm wide. The petals are golden-yellow, elongated to broad, inversely ovate with a width of 1.2 to 1.8 cm and a width of 1 to 1.4 cm. The edge is entire or slightly jagged-tooth-shaped and covered with a series of glandular points, the tip is rounded to barely pronounced.
The stamens are in clusters of 50 to 70 pieces, of which the longest reach 7 to 12 mm. The ovary is more or less wide oval, 5 to 6 mm high and 3.5 to 4 mm. The free and upright stylus are 4 to 5.5 mm long and are curved outwards towards the tip.
Fruits and seeds
The broadly egg-shaped capsule fruit has a length of 0.9 to 1.1 cm and a width of 8 to 10 mm. The dark brown seeds are 1 to 1.2 mm long. They can be keeled slightly and the surface is linear and pitted.
Chromosome number
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 18 or 36.
Distribution and locations
This species is native to China in northern Guizhou and Sichuan ; Deposits in Anhui , Fujian , Guangxi , Hubei , Hunan , Jiangsu , Jiangxi , Shaanxi , Taiwan and Zhejiang are likely introduced. The species is often cultivated in Japan , India and South Africa , among others , and occasionally occurs there in the wild.
The plants grow in open forests and thickets, on cliffs and roadsides at altitudes between 450 and 2400 m; occasionally they can also be found up to 300 m.
literature
- Xi-wen Li, Jie Li, Norman KB Robson and Peter Stevens: Clusiaceae . In: Flora of China , Volume 13, Science Press, Beijing and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis. 2007. Pages 13-14. On-line.
Individual evidence
- ^ Hypericum patulum at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
