Great Batschka Canal
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Big Batschka Canal Bács Canal, Franzens Canal, Veliki Bački Canal |
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 Lock at the mouth of the Tisza |
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| Data | ||
| location | Vojvodina , Serbia | |
| River system | Danube | |
| Drain over | Tisza → Danube → Black Sea | |
| source |
Danube near Bezdan 45 ° 51 ′ 15 ″ N , 18 ° 51 ′ 32 ″ E |
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| Source height | 83 m. i. J. | |
| muzzle |
Tisza near Bečej coordinates: 45 ° 36 ′ 18 ″ N , 20 ° 3 ′ 23 ″ E 45 ° 36 ′ 18 ″ N , 20 ° 3 ′ 23 ″ E |
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| Mouth height | 73 m. i. J. | |
| Height difference | 10 m | |
| Bottom slope | 0.08 ‰ | |
| length | 118 km | |
| Left tributaries | Baja – Bezdán supply canal | |
| Right tributaries | Small Batschka Canal | |
| Medium-sized cities | Sombor , Vrbas , Bečej | |
| Small towns | Bezdan , Srbobran | |
| Navigable | Yes | |
The Great Backa Channel (also: Bácser channel or Franzens channel , Hungarian Ferenc csatorna , Serbian : Велики бачки канал / Veliki Bački channel ) is a navigation canal in the northern Serbian Backa -Tiefland (today province Vojvodina , Serbia ), the Serbian Danube with the Theiss connects. It represents the north-western part of the Danube-Tisza-Danube canal system.
course
At Bezdan (visavis the Croatian border town Batina ) the canal branches off at right angles to the left of the Danube and runs east-southeast. The most important town on the Batschka Canal is Sombor (Hungarian: Zombor ), other places are Bački Monoštor (Monosztorszeg) , Sivac (Szivác) , Crvenka (Cservenka) , Kula (Kúla) , Vrbas (Verbász) , Srbobran (Szenttamás) , Turija (Turia) . Originally it emptied at Bačko Gradište ( Bácsföldvár / Tiszaföldvár ) in a later silted up arm of the Tisza, so that from 1899 an upstream branch canal was built to Bečej ( Ó-Becse ), where the Bács canal today flows into the Tisza from the right, for example 70 km from its confluence with the Danube near Stari Slankamen.
The canal is 118 km (according to earlier information 108 and later 126 km) long, 17 m wide (at the beginning about 25 m) and has an average depth of 3 m. The slope of only about 10 meters is overcome via 5 locks. Due to the low current, all ships and boats had to be propelled up and down.
Nothing is known about any modern shipping.
Water quality
The water quality in the canal is heavily polluted due to numerous industrial wastewater from Vrbas, Kula and Crvenka, so bathing is not allowed. The canal is considered to be one of the most contaminated rivers in Europe and poses a health risk for the residents. It is estimated that around 400,000 m³ of sludge is stored in the canal, which is contaminated with heavy metals, petroleum derivatives and pathogenic bacteria. The canal therefore also poses an environmental problem for the Danube and Tisza rivers, as the canal water enters these two rivers. In 2008 the Serbian Environment Minister Sascha Dragin signed a Memorandum of Understanding with UNDP on a sustainable solution to the problem of pollution and pollution of the Great Batschka Canal. This project consists of three parts, which provide for the construction of main sewage collectors for the municipalities of Vrbas and Kula, a sewage treatment plant in Vrbas and the decontamination of the canal.
history
Franz's Canal was from June 1793 bis 1801 created manually by 3,000 workers and was the largest at that time navigable channel of the Kingdom of Hungary named after the Hungarian King Francis I . It was opened in May 1802. At that time it was entirely in Bács-Bodrog County , which explains its later name. Until 1918 the canal belonged to a public limited company ( Franzenskanal-Dampfschifffahrtsgesellschaft ), which was granted the right to transport it from Romania to Vienna. In the period after 1918 the canal was named after the Serbian King Peter I (Канал краља Петра). Due to the responsible engineer József Kiss (1748–1813) the canal was also called “Kišov canal” .
photos
Canal bridge in Srbobran
Old railway bridge near Nadalj (municipality of Srbobran)
Individual evidence
- ^ Entry Franzenskanal in Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon, Volume 7. Leipzig 1907, p. 1. (accessed on December 13, 2011)
- ↑ Entry Franzenskanal at zeit-maschine.at ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (accessed on December 13, 2011)
- ↑ Project of the Serbian Environment Ministry 2008, p. 3f. ( Memento from June 12, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) (Serbian; PDF; 811 kB)
- ^ Entry Franzenskanal in Pierer's Universal-Lexikon, Volume 6. Altenburg 1858, p. 610. (accessed on December 13, 2011)
