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Great speedwell (veronica teucrium)

Great speedwell ( veronica teucrium )

Systematics
Euasterids I
Order : Mint family (Lamiales)
Family : Plantain family (Plantaginaceae)
Tribe : Veroniceae
Genre : Speedwell ( Veronica )
Type : Great honorary award
Scientific name
Veronica teucrium
L.

The great speedwell ( Veronica teucrium ) is a species of the genus speedwell ( Veronica ) within the plantain family (Plantaginaceae). It is common in Eurasia .

description

The Great Speedwell is a usually large and strong-looking, hibernating green, perennial , herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 15 to 100 centimeters. Few upright stems are formed from the rhizome . The ascending or upright growing, stem -round stem is more or less curly, sometimes suggested two rows, hairy. The leaves usually sit directly on the stem or have a very short stalk. With a width of 10 to 30 millimeters, the leaf blades are rounded to ovate-lanceolate, heart-shaped at the base or rounded with a strongly serrated-toothed leaf margin.

Inflorescence with flowers
blossom
fruit

The Great Speedwell blooms mainly from May to July. Laterally, many-flowered, ultimately elongated racemose inflorescences are formed. There are cover sheets . The hermaphrodite, zygomorphic flowers usually have a diameter of 10 to 13, rarely up to 18 millimeters. The crown is sky blue to azure blue, rarely it is also pink-white, always with dark nerves. The stylus is 5 to 6 millimeters long.

The fruit ripens from September to October. The hairy capsule fruit is inverted-heart-shaped, rounded and more or less edged. The seeds are 1.5 millimeters long.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 64.

ecology

The great speedwell is an herbaceous chamaephyte .

The flowers are feminine. A wide variety of insects can be used as pollinators . Even self-pollination occurs.

The Great Speedwell is a dehydration spreader, animal and wind spreader , also a gardener and ants spreading takes place.

Habit and inflorescences
Stems with crooked hairs pressed down
Stem with leaves and vegetative tip of the shoot

Occurrence

The Great Speedwell comes from northern Germany to the Balkans and to the east it penetrates to eastern Siberia , the Altai , China and Mongolia. It occurs scattered in Central Europe .

In Germany , the Great Speedwell is sometimes quite widespread in the central and southern regions; however, in the north and northwest it is largely absent. In Austria and Switzerland , Veronica teucrium is generally found scattered.

The Great Speedwell grows in bushes, on the edges of forests, in sparse forests and on semi- arid grasslands . He prefers more or less dry, mostly calcareous clay and weathered stone soils . He loves warmth. According to Ellenberg , it is a half-light plant, intermediate-continental distribution, a dry pointer. He is an association characteristic species dryness yield Ender blood geranium-Staudensäume (Geranion sanguinei), but is in Central Europe and in companies of the associations Mesobromion, Berberidion, Erico-Pinion or the order Quercetalia pubescentis ago.

Systematics

The first publication of Veronica teucrium was in 1762 by Carl von Linné . Synonyms are, for example, Veronica latifolia L. , Veronica pseudochamaedrys Jacq.

The great speedwell ( Veronica teucrium L. ) is considered by some authors as a subspecies ( Veronica austriaca subsp. Teucrium (L.) DAWebb ) of the Austrian speedwell ( Veronica austriaca ).

use

Some varieties are used as ornamental plants , for example 'Crater Lake Blue', 'Captain', 'Bright Blue', 'Royal Blue', 'Shirley Blue'.

literature

  • Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
  • Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria. Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer . Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .
  • Christian Heitz: School and excursion flora for Switzerland. Taking into account the border areas. Identification book for wild growing vascular plants. Founded by August Binz . 18th completely revised and expanded edition. Schwabe & Co., Basel 1986, ISBN 3-7965-0832-4 .
  • Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora. With the collaboration of Theo Müller. 6th, revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1990, ISBN 3-8001-3454-3 .
  • Heinz Ellenberg : Vegetation of Central Europe with the Alps from an ecological, dynamic and historical perspective (= UTB for science. Large series. Volume 8104). 5th greatly changed and improved edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1996, ISBN 3-8252-8104-3 .
  • Siegmund Seybold (Ed.): Schmeil-Fitschen. Interactive flora of Germany. Seeing - determining - knowing. The key to the flora. CD-ROM, Version 2.0, Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2004, ISBN 3-494-01368-3 .

Individual evidence

  1. a b c Veronica teucrium L., Great Speedwell. In: FloraWeb.de.
  2. a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 643 .
  3. a b Ruprecht Düll , Herfried Kutzelnigg : Pocket dictionary of the plants of Germany and neighboring countries. The most common Central European species in portrait. 7th, corrected and enlarged edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01424-1 .
  4. Veronica on the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  5. Walter Erhardt , Erich Götz, Nils Bödeker, Siegmund Seybold: The great zander. Encyclopedia of Plant Names. Volume 2. Types and varieties. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5406-7 , p. 1808.

Web links

Commons : Great Honorary Award  - album with pictures, videos and audio files