Grunwald

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Grunwald
Grunwald does not have a coat of arms
Grunwald (Poland)
Grunwald
Grunwald
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Warmia-Masuria
Powiat : Ostródzki
Gmina : Grunwald
Geographic location : 53 ° 29 ′  N , 20 ° 6 ′  E Coordinates: 53 ° 29 ′ 0 ″  N , 20 ° 6 ′ 0 ″  E
Residents : 420
Postal code : 14-110
Telephone code : (+48) 89
License plate : NOS



Grunwald [ ˈgrunvalt ] ( German Green Field ) is the eponymous village of the rural community of the same name in Masuria ( Powiat Ostródzki , Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship ), Poland . Grunwald is a school authority of this municipality with about 5600 inhabitants, its seat is the more centrally located village Gierzwałd (Geyerswalde) .

The place, only three kilometers from Tannenberg ( Polish Stębark ), was, like the neighboring Ludwigsdorf ( Łodwigowo ), included in the course of the Battle of Tannenberg (1410) , known in Polish historiography as the Battle of Grunwald . After the Polish occupation in 1945, Green Field was given the name Grunwald .

history

The place Grünstelde in Prussia was documented in Latin documents in the 15th century as "Grunenvelt".

Due to the provisions of the Versailles Treaty , the population in the Allenstein voting area , to which Grünstelde belonged, voted on July 11, 1920 on whether it would continue to belong to East Prussia (and thus Germany) or join Poland. In Grünstelde (village and estate), 120 residents voted to remain with East Prussia, while Poland received no votes.

Battle of Tannenberg (1410)

On July 15, 1410, Ulrich von Jungingen's army of the Teutonic Knight Order suffered a defeat against the Polish-Lithuanian army under the leadership of King Jogaila, Władysław II Jagiełło and Grand Duke Vytautas . The king later called the site of the battle "loco conflictus nostri ... dicto Grunenvelt". In the chronicle of the Polish chronicler Longinus ( Jan Długosz ), written decades later, it became Grunwald; in Polish historiography it is therefore referred to as Bitwa pod Grunwaldem . In German historiography, the fight went down as the Battle of Tannenberg , as the Knights' troops were set up near the town of Tannenberg.

memorial

In 1960 was between Stębark (Tannenberg) of Grunwald and on-site memorial Grunwald the Grunwald Monument erected for the Battle of the 1410th

Next to the museum building, on which there is a three-dimensionally reproduced battle configuration in stone, there is an obelisk with the faces of the warriors and a stele made of connected metal rods, which symbolizes the lances of the Polish and Lithuanian armies.

The stones of the Grunwald memorial from Krakow , donated by the Polish composer and politician Ignacy Paderewski in 1910 and blown up by the National Socialists during the Hitler dictatorship in 1939 , were brought to Grunwald after the Second World War and partially reassembled some distance from the new memorial.

The Krakow Monument, an equestrian statue of the Polish King Władysław II Jagiełłos on Matejko Square in front of the Barbican, was recreated and rebuilt in 1976 by the Polish artist Marian Konieczny .

In Poland there are numerous places that are named after the Battle of Grunwald: plac Grunwaldzki (Warsaw, Stettin, Breslau, Kattowitz and others), most Grunwaldzki (Breslau), pasaż Grunwaldzki (Breslau), ulica Grunwaldzka (Bydgoszcz, Allenstein, Poznan), Aleja Grunwaldzka (Danzig).

local community

The rural community of Grunwald, with an area of ​​almost 180 km², includes 20 villages with a Schulzenamt and a number of smaller towns.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. Book: The Military Orders, Victor Mallia-Milanes 2008, page 175 S. Ekdahl: The Battle of Tannenberg-Grunwald-Zalgiris 1410
  2. Herbert Marzian , Csaba Kenez : self-determination for East Germany. Documentation on the 50th anniversary of the East and West Prussian referendum on July 11, 1920. Editor: Göttinger Arbeitskreis , 1970, p. 101
  3. On 16 September ... the Polish King made his intentions clear in a letter to the bishop of Pomesania to have a Brigittine cloister and church built on the battlefield at Grünstelde, literally in loco conflictus nostri, quem cum Cruciferis de Prusia habuimus, dicto Grunenvelt . Sven Ekdahl: The Battle of Tannenberg-Grunwald-Žalgiris (1410) as reflected in Twentieth-Century monuments ( Memento of May 26, 2009 in the Internet Archive ), p. 175ff , in: Victor Mallia-Milanes, Malcolm Barber et al .: The Military Orders. Volume 3: History and Heritage. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2008, ISBN 0-7546-6290-X , ISBN 978-0-7546-6290-7 [1]