Grusonia

Grusonia
Grusonia bradtiana
Systematics
Nuclear eudicotyledons Order : Clove-like (Caryophyllales) Family : Cactus family (Cactaceae) Subfamily : Opuntioideae Tribe : Cylindropuntieae Genre : Grusonia
Scientific name
Grusonia
Rchb.f. ex Britton & Rose

Grusonia invicta

Grusonia is a genus of plants in the cactus family (Cactaceae). The botanical name of the genus honors the German inventor and entrepreneur Hermann Gruson .

description

The plants are either short-cylindrical and group-forming or shrubby or tree-like. The roots are usually beet-like, but sometimes also fibrous. The shoots are usually divided into cylindrical to spherical segments, which sometimes have humped ribs. Hair , thorns and glochids arise from the areoles .

The pink, purple, yellow or white flowers appear laterally or almost at the tip of the shoot and open during the day.

The dry or fleshy fruits are sometimes torn and often sterile. They contain whitish to yellowish seeds about 2.5 to 5 millimeters in length.

Distribution and systematics

The genus Grusonia is common in the southwestern United States , the Baja California peninsula, and some states in northern Mexico .

The type species of the genus is Cereus bradtianus J.M.Coult. The genus is divided into the following sub-genera with the species:

• Subgenus Corynopuntia (FMKnuth) Stuppy
  • Grusonia aggeria (Ralston & Hilsenb.) EFAnderson
  • Grusonia agglomerata (A. Berger) EFAnderson
  • Grusonia bulbispina (Engelm.) H.Rob.
  • Grusonia clavata (Engelm.) H.Rob.
  • Grusonia dumetorum (A. Berger) EFAnderson
  • Grusonia emoryi (Engelm.) Pinkava
  • Grusonia grahamii (Engelm.) H.Rob.
  • Grusonia invicta (Brandegee) EFAnderson
  • Grusonia kunzei (Rose) Pinkava
  • Grusonia moelleri (A. Berger) EFAnderson
  • Grusonia parishii (Orcutt) Pinkava
  • Grusonia reflexispina (Wiggins & Rollins) EFAnderson
  • Grusonia schottii (Engelm.) H.Rob.
  • Grusonia vilis (Rose) H.Rob.

• Subgenus Grusonia
  • Grusonia bradtiana (JMCoult.) Britton & Rose

• Subgenus Marenopuntia (Backeb.) Stuppy
  • Grusonia marenae (SHParsons) EFAnderson

• Subgenus Micropuntia (Daston) Stuppy
  • Grusonia pulchella (Engelm.) H.Rob.

Synonyms of the genus are Corynopuntia F.M. Knuth , Marenopuntia Backeb. and Microputia Daston .

Botanical history

The genus name appeared for the first time in a garden catalog by Johannes Nicolai, who listed a species as Grusonia cereiformis . Karl Moritz Schumann mentioned the species in the monthly magazine for cacti in 1894 and 1896 , but gave no valid description. Schumann attributed the name to Friedrich Reichenbach . The first valid description was given as Cereus bradtianus by John Merle Coulter from specimens collected by Anna B. Nickles. The first description of the species was carried out in 1919 by Nathaniel Lord Britton and Joseph Nelson Rose .

The first fundamental processing of the genus took place in 1973, when Harold Ernest Robinson put seven species of the genus Corynopuntia to the genus Grusonia . Edward Frederick Anderson expanded the number of species one more time in 1999.

The taxonomic status of the genus is not fully understood. There is research suggesting that the genus Grusionia should be incorporated into the genus Cylindropuntia .

In David Hunt's New Cactus Lexicon from 2006, the genus included Grusonia bradtiana only one species. He refers all other species to the genus Corynopuntia .

proof

literature

• Edward F. Anderson : The Great Cactus Lexicon . Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-8001-4573-1 , p. 304-308 .
• Curt Backeberg : Die Cactaceae: Handbuch der Kakteenkunde . 2nd Edition. tape I . Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart New York 1982, ISBN 3-437-30380-5 , p. 206-210 .
• NL Britton , JN Rose : The Cactaceae. Descriptions and Illustrations of Plants of the Cactus Family . tape I . The Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington 1919, p. 215 .
• Walther Haage : cacti from A to Z . 3. Edition. Quelle & Meyer Verlag, Heidelberg 1986, ISBN 3-494-01142-7 , p. 236-237 .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Urs Eggli, Leonard E. Newton: Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names . Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg 2010, ISBN 978-3-642-05597-3 , p. 107.
2. ^ Edward F. Anderson : The great cactus lexicon . Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-8001-4573-1 , p. 304-308 .
3. ↑ Karl Moritz Schuman: Grusonia cereiformis  : In: Monthly journal for cacti . Volume 4, 1894, p. 110 ( https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14077933 online).
4. ↑ Karl Moritz Schuman: Succulent travel memories  : In: Monthly for cacti-customers . Volume 6, 1896, p. 177 ( online ).
5. ^ Curt Backeberg: Die Cactaceae Volume I, p. 206f.
6. ^ NL Britton, JN Rose: The Cactaceae Volume I, p. 215.
7. ↑ Walther Haage: cacti from A to Z . 3rd edition, Quelle & Meyer Verlag: Heidelberg, 1986, p. 236.
8. ↑ Harold Ernest Robinson: In: Phytologia Volume 26, Number 3, 1973.
9. ↑ Edward F. Anderson: Some nomenclatural changes in the Cactaceae, subfamily Opuntioideae . In: Cactus and Succulent Journal . Volume 71, Number 6, 1999.
10. ^ Wolfgang Stuppy: Seed characters and generic classification of Opuntioideae . In: D. Hunt, N. Taylor (editors): Studies in the Opuntioideae (Cactaceae) . Succulent Plant Research, Volume 6, 2002, pp. 25-58.
11. ^ David Hunt : The New Cactus Lexicon . dh books, Milborne Port 2006, ISBN = 0-9538134-4-4, p. 126.

further reading

• M. Patrick Griffith: Grusonia pulchella reclassification and its impact on the genus Grusonia: morphological and molecular evidence . In: Haseltonia . Volume 9, 2002, pp. 86-93, PDF .

Web links

Commons : Grusonia  - collection of images, videos and audio files