Gurk (river)

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Gurk
Krka
Gurk near Truttendorf in the Grafenstein municipality

Gurk near Truttendorf in the Grafenstein municipality

Data
location Carinthia ( Austria )
River system Danube
Drain over Drau  → Danube  → Black Sea
source Gurksee , Torersee
Source height 1970  m above sea level A.
muzzle at Stein in die Drau coordinates: 46 ° 36 ′ 35 ″  N , 14 ° 31 ′ 36 ″  E 46 ° 36 ′ 35 ″  N , 14 ° 31 ′ 36 ″  E
Mouth height 391  m above sea level A.
Height difference 1579 m
Bottom slope 10 ‰
length 157 km
Catchment area 2,581.63 km²
Discharge at the Gumisch
A Eo gauge: 2,555.4 km².
Location: 5.4 km above the mouth 		NNQ (25.12.2001)
MNQ 1951–2011
MQ 1951–2011
Mq 1951–2011
 MHQ 1951–2011
HHQ (25.10.1993) 		7.82 m³ / s
13.4 m³ / s
30.1 m³ / s
11.8 l / (s km²)
 112 m³ / s
267 m³ / s
Left tributaries Metnitz , Görtschitz
Right tributaries Raba , Glan , Seebach
Enge Gurk near Albeck

Enge Gurk near Albeck

Gurk power plant Rain in the municipality of Poggersdorf

Gurk power plant Rain in the municipality of Poggersdorf

The Gurk ( Slovenian Krka ) is 157 km in length and is the second longest river in the Austrian state of Carinthia after the Drava , 27% of which it drains. 40% of the Carinthian population live in the catchment area of 2581.63 km² .

Surname

The origins of the name Gurk date back to pre-Roman times. The Indo-European root of the word is "krk" (gurgling), with which the meaning of the name as "the gurgling" can be interpreted. In Roman times the river Gurk is said to have been called "Corcoras". There are also other rivers in Europe with similar names such as the Krka in Slovenia or the Krka in Croatia.

course

Its origin lies in two small cirque lakes on the Lattersteig in the Gurktal Alps , to the east below the Bretthöhe ( 2320  m above sea level ). The Gurksee lies at 1970  m above sea level. A. , is 0.4 ha in size and 1.5 m deep; the Torersee lies at 2010  m above sea level. A. and is 0.35 hectares in size and 1.2 m deep. Since both lakes freeze to the bottom in winter, no fish live in them.

The Gurk flows through the sparsely populated Upper Gurktal with the Reichenau and Gnesau plain , the Enge Gurk between the Gnesau district of Gurk ( ⊙ ) and Albeck , then turns to the east through the Middle Gurktal with the market towns of Weitensfeld and Gurk , as well as the city of Strasbourg , flows through the Krappfeld as Untere Gurk , where it takes the Metnitz and the Görtschitz on the left , turns to the south at Brückl and then enters the Klagenfurt Basin , where it takes the Glan on the right , and flows out at Stein , after 120 km of very winding Run, directly in front of the Völkermarkt reservoir in the Drau .

Its glacial stream flowed into the Tiebeltal before the narrow Gurk , which is why there is a very gentle transition between these two valleys today, the Prekoba .

In its course, only a few traffic routes were created, the most important from 1898 onwards was the Gurktalbahn , which was shut down for its entire course in 1969 (last sections in 1972). Since then, it has only been operated as a museum railway on a few hectares between Treibach-Althofen and Pöckstein-Zwischenwässern . The route through Strasbourg and Gurk to Glödnitz was largely used in the 1970s and 1980s for the expansion of the Gurktal-Straße . As a result, the route has almost disappeared today.

Gurktal

Large parts of the Gurktal represent a significant part of the property of the Roman Catholic Church as canteen property , which is used for forestry.

Power plants and hydraulic engineering

# flow km Type Name (municipality) Construction year operator Turbines Power MW Standard energy MWh / a Expansion
throughput
flow
in m / s
1 Gurk O about 150 Reichenau (Reichenau plain) 0000 ? ? ? ?
2 Gurk O approx. 148 Falkert 0000
3 Gurk M about 125 Brugger 0000
4th Gurk M Spitzing (Weitensfeld) 0000
5 Gurk M Gorton 0000
6th Gurk M Aich 0000
7th Gurk M Gurk Cathedral Chapter (Gurk) 0000 ren
8th Gurk M Meat chopper 0000
9 Gurk M Heiligengeistmühle (Strasbourg) 0000
10 Gurk M Saw between water 0000
11 Gurk M Curly guest 0000
12 Gurk M ? Amthof 0000
13 Metnitz 2.56 Diversion Shepherd II 1913 Möller, Riegler-Matchett 1 chaplain 0.085 4th
14th Metnitz 1.87 Diversion Shepherd I. 1907 Möller, Riegler-Matchett 1 Francis 0.045 3.2
15th Metnitz 0.20 Run Pöckstein intermediate watering 1905, 2012 Energy supply Pöckstein GmbH 1 Kaplan-S, 1 hydropower screw 196 8.00
16 Gurk U 71.16 Diversion Diocese of Pöckstein 1912, 2008 Diocese of Gurk, Forest and Estate Directorate 1 chaplain 0.34 6.10
17th Gurk U 69.24 Diversion Althofen 1911 Kelag 2 Francis 0.318 (0.131 + 0.187) 14.05 (12.0)
18th Gurk U 68.00 Run TCW (Treibacher Chemische Werke) (Treibach-Althofen) 1899 Treibacher Industrie AG 1 chaplain 0.252 17.7 (20.0)
19th Gurk U 67.04 Diversion Tilly 1917 Tilly power plant and industrial company 2 Francis 0.45 (0.30 + 0.15) 20.0
20th Gurk U 65.42 Diversion Brugga 1905 Rudolf Herzig 2 Francis 0.34 11.8
21st Gurk U 52.61 Run Passering 1920 Kelag 2 Francis 0.892 (0.420 + 0.472) 18.45
22nd Gurk U 47.13 Diversion Polling 1881 Otto Hoffmann Elektrizitätsges.mbH 2 Francis 0.49 12 (11.60)
23 Gurk U 45.47 Diversion Launsdorf 1921 Kelag 2 Francis 1.07 16 (15.20)
24 Gurk U + Görschitz 37.73 Diversion Donau Chemie (Brückl) 1907 Donau Chemie AG 2 Francis 1.69 17.5
25th Gurk U approx. 12 ? Rain (Poggersdorf / Klagenfurt) 1902 Stadtwerke Klagnfurt 4 Francis 4,408 (4 x 1500 hp) 13,639

In 2010, in her master's thesis, Pia Scheiflinger described the Hirt II power plants on the Metnitz and the lower Gurk up to the penultimate one, the Donau Chemie Brückl power plant, in a study to optimize the flushing of storage spaces.

In 1998 the Klagenfurt Kayak Association (KVK) built a 300 m long, year-round slalom training course about 500 m below the Rain power plant (Poggersdorf) and above the Gurkbrücke on Packer Straße B70 with the support of the public sector .

As of 2013, there were 23 fish migration obstacles on the Gurk, 11 of which had already been provided with fish ladders.

Picture gallery

  • Wooden bridge over the Gurk on the Messaneggeralm in the Hochrindl area

  • Messaneggeralm in the Hochrindl area

literature

  • W. Honsig-Erlenburg, G. Wieser: The Gurk and its side waters . Publishing house of the Natural Science Association for Carinthia, Klagenfurt 1997, ISBN 3-85328-009-9

Web links

Commons : Gurk  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ KAGIS - Carinthia Atlas
  2. ↑ Federal Ministry for Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management (Ed.): Hydrographisches Jahrbuch von Österreich 2011. 119th Volume. Vienna 2013, p. OG 354, PDF (12.9 MB) on bmlrt.gv.at (yearbook 2011)
  3. ↑ Untitled. Google Maps , accessed June 29, 2010 .
  4. ↑ O ... upper course, M ... middle course, U ... lower course
  5. ↑ Gurk Kraftwerk nekteo.eu, accessed August 27, 2020. - Show power station
  6. ^ "Guardian" of heat, electricity and water ... stw.at, Stadtwerke Klaenfurt, November 14, 2019, accessed August 27, 2020.
  7. ↑ Water management of the hydropower plants on the lower Gurk: Part I - Recording the power plants diglib.tugraz.at, October 2010, accessed August 27, 2020. - Overview map p. 11. Green: 12 treated power plants. - Pictures, plans and sketches of the plants.
  8. ↑ View from the Gurkbrücke to the north google.com/maps, Streetview, accessed August 27, 2020.
  9. ↑ Playspot of the week: Gurk 4-paddlers.com slalom course, October 4, 2006, accessed August 27, 2020.
  10. ↑ Böhmichen, J .: Functional controls of the fish farms Zwischenwässern and Rain in the Gurk, Carinthian Institute for Lake Research, 2010. - Abstract (download): Diploma theses