Hans Brüggemann

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Brüggemann Altar in the Schleswig Cathedral

Hans Brüggemann or Johannes Brüggemann (* around 1480 in Walsrode , † around 1540 in Husum ) was a German sculptor and carver .

Life

After his apprenticeship in the construction works of the great cathedrals on the Lower Rhine, in Utrecht and 's-Hertogenbosch , he returned to his north German homeland and opened a workshop in Husum .

The so-called small Brüggemann altar

Brüggemann's works include the angel from the lost tabernacle of the old Marienkirche in Husum (1520) and the more than two-meter high wooden sculpture of Christophorus in Schleswig Cathedral . Furthermore, according to Heinrich Rantzau, the altar in the Marienkirche in Bad Segeberg is ascribed to him; it could be a youth work. The altar of St. John's Church in Bruges (today at Gottorf Castle ) is attributed to Brüggemann or his workshop. For several decades after 1672 it replaced the large Brüggemann altar in Bordesholm.

Brüggemann's main work is the three-winged Bordesholm Passion Altar , commissioned by Duke Friedrich († 1533) between 1514 and 1521 for the canons of the Augustinian monastery in Bordesholm , partly inspired by woodcuts by Albrecht Dürer , testimony to the transition from the late Gothic to the Renaissance . According to a legend handed down by Martinus Coronaeus, the Bordesholm monks blinded him when he promised Lübeck admirers of his work an even more beautiful altar. Perhaps that was not only due to the beauty, but also to the hidden messages of the altar. Because the overall picture program of the altar still raises a number of questions. These include, among other puzzling images, the four depictions of the Last Supper in the predella as well as the enthroned Christ in the burst. So far it is assumed that Brüggemann represented the Last Judgment there. However, unlike Dürer, he or the conceptor of the pictorial program renounced any threat potential, so that the second coming of Christ at the end of time should be more likely to be meant. It is also unknown whether the pictorial program was aimed only at the Bordesholm canons (who had joined the Devotio moderna in 1490 ), or also at the lay audience, who in Bordesholm could hardly get closer than 20 meters to the altar, whose shrine wings only special ones anyway Holidays were open. Gottschalk von Ahlefeldt († 1541), friend of the commissioning duke and a theologian trained in Rostock and Bologna, since 1507 Bishop of Schleswig, is accepted as the conceptor of the program . He was not averse to the approaching Reformation - perhaps not just in order to be able to keep the episcopal goods for life.

Brüggemann returned to his birthplace Walsrode, where he was commissioned by the church lords in 1523 to carve an altar for the monastery church there. But the Reformation also reached Walsrode. According to one of many legends surrounding Brüggemann's death, he is said to have died in the Husum poor house . Another legend names Lüneburg as his last place of residence.

After Heinrich Rantzau, Matthias Pausenius honored Brüggemann's work with the following epigram :

Phöbus Appollon recently paid attention to this picture :
"Was it a mortal hand," he asks, "who succeeded in this?"
I am otherwise not prepared to belittle the art of a Phidias
or a picture that Lysipp created with a gifted hand -
If my eye could not lift this work clearly above those
My gaze itself would be duller than the hearing of Midas .

literature

Web links

Commons : Hans Brüggemann  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ St. John's Church in Bruges ( Memento of the original from October 21, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.st-johannis-bruegge.de
  2. ^ August Sach: Hans Brüggemann. A contribution to the history of the duchies . Kiel 1865, p. 7.
  3. ^ Jan Friedrich Richter : The Bordesholmer Altar (1521) , Königstein i. Ts. 2019, p. 34f.
  4. ↑ Horst Appuhn: The Bordesholmer Altar , 2nd edition, Königstein i. Ts. 1987, p. 51
  5. ^ Jan Friedrich Richter : The Bordesholmer Altar (1521) , Königstein i. Ts. 2019, pp. 54-57
  6. ^ Heinrich Rantzau: Cimbricae chersonesi ... descriptio , chapter Bordesholm
  7. ^ Translation from the Latin: Hans Braunschweig
personal data
SURNAME Brüggemann, Hans
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Brüggemann, Johannes
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German sculptor and carver
DATE OF BIRTH around 1480
PLACE OF BIRTH Walsrode
DATE OF DEATH around 1540
Place of death Husum