Harthäuser Forest
| Harthäuser Forest | |
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| Highest peak | nameless summit ( 334 m above sea level ) |
| location | Districts of Heilbronn and Hohenlohe ; Baden-Württemberg |
| Coordinates | 49 ° 18 ' N , 9 ° 23' E |
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Location of the Harthäuser Forest in the Stuttgart administrative region of Baden-Württemberg
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The Harthäuser Forest is - depending on the definition - 20 to 30 km² large forest area in northern Baden-Württemberg . It lies between the valleys of the lower reaches of Jagst and Kocher on a mountain range of a maximum of 334 m above sea level. NN . The largest part of the forest lies on the boundary of Hardthausen am Kocher and thus in the Heilbronn district , while a smaller part in the east belongs to the Hohenlohe district .
The forest takes its name from the settlement of Harthausen, which was abandoned in the late Middle Ages and located near Lampoldshausen .
Geographical location
The Harthäuser Forest is located between the valleys on the lower reaches of Jagst and Kocher . The cities and communities Möckmühl , Widdern , Jagsthausen , Öhringen , Hardthausen am Kocher , Neuenstadt am Kocher and Neudenau (viewed clockwise) have a share in the forest area. With the exception of Öhringen, which belongs to the Hohenlohe district, they are all in the Heilbronn district . With 80%, the majority of the forest area is in the district of Hardthausen am Kocher. In the north the forest touches the Jagst in several places between Züttlingen and Olnhausen , in the southeast between Sindringen and Ohrnberg the Kocher.
The Harthäuser Forest is approximately at heights between 180 and 334 m above sea level. NN . This maximum height is reached on the L 1047 state road between its bridge over the motorway and the Seehaus. In this area, a flat ridge with a height of 330 m above sea level stretches from its bridge over the A 81 in the west of Seehaus over a length of about 2.5 kilometers . NN on both sides of the state road to the east, which forms the watershed in the forest between the nearby Jagst in the north and the Kocher, which runs much further south.
Ownership
With the exception of the federal forest, there are all types of property in the Harthäuser Forest. The largest part is accounted for by the municipalities and is therefore corporate forest, as are smaller parts of the church forest. 800 hectares are state forest, they belong to the state of Baden-Württemberg. In addition, with the Freiherr von Graevenitz forest, a larger part of the large private forest. Numerous plots are small private forests. Large and small private forests together cover 500 hectares.
Waters
The watershed between Kocher and Jagst is located in the Harthäuser Forest very close to the Jagst, so that most of the water that runs off gets into the Kocher. Of the small streams that arise in the forest, Steinbach and Buchsbach are the largest. The Steinbach flows through Lampoldshausen and flows into Kochersteinsfeld. The longer Buchsbach arises near the lake house , but seeps away completely again, the creek hollow then continues as a dry valley in which not the slightest gully is recognizable. The Buchsbach receives water again through the inlet of the Eichelbach. It flows past the DLR site , leaves the Harthäuser Forest in a southerly direction and flows into Gochsen. There are only a few fish ponds and ponds by standing water.
vegetation
The hardwood percentage in forestry heavily used Harthäuser Forest is about 70%, this dominate beech and oak well ahead of the typical native deciduous trees such as maple , linden , ash , wild cherry or wild service tree and before birch and alder .
Among the conifers, the spruce plays the greatest role, larches and Douglas firs are also common ; Pine and silver fir are only found sporadically. Noticeable are some of the trees of life that were planted along the paths and are now stately . The proportion of spruce has been declining for several decades, as storm areas are preferably afforested with oak.
history
Barrows in the forest prove a settlement already in the time of the Celts . An old road ran through the area of today's Harthäuser Forest , which was part of the long-distance connection between the imperial cities of Worms and Speyer, Wimpfen, Rothenburg and Nuremberg. The Hochweg, which almost entirely ran along the watershed between Kocher and Jagst, is now known as the Hochstraße (also known as Hohe Straße ).
The Romans also settled in the Harthausen Forest, as traces of several Roman manors show. They also laid a military road on part of the Hohe Strasse, which connected the castles Wimpfen and Jagsthausen . Around AD 260, the Romans could no longer hold their right bank areas ; the Roman manors in the Harthauser forest were also given up. The elevated road , however, remained in use. It is said that in 1235 AD, Emperor Friedrich II took this route to move from Nuremberg to Wimpfen.
According to archaeological findings, the Harthausen Forest was only repopulated by Franks more than 500 years after the Romans left. There were then several hamlets and farms in the area of the Harthauser forest, all of which were later given up again, but whose names are still in the field names today. On a map of the Neustadter Vorst from 1608 none of these settlements were shown. The name Harthuser Wald was first mentioned in 1331 , after the settlement of Harthausen, which was located in the upper Buchsbachtal west of Lampoldshausen and was probably abandoned again in the 14th century. When Gochsen, Kochersteinsfeld and Lampoldshausen merged to form the municipality of Hardthausen am Kocher in 1974/1975, this Harthausen was referred to, but the spelling Hardthausen was chosen to distinguish it from other municipalities with the name Harthausen . Since the beginning of the 1960s, a DLR (German Aerospace Center) location has been located in the Harthäuser Forest not far from the former Harthausen .
Location for wind turbines
ZEAG Erneuerbare Energien GmbH and the communities on whose boundaries the Harthäuser Forest is located are building a large number of wind turbines . There are currently specific plans for 25 large wind turbines, 6 of which are planned for the state forest in the Hardthausen district . The Renewable Energies Potential Atlas also shows other areas as "conditionally suitable". All wind speeds published to date are based on the Baden-Württemberg Wind Atlas, but 0.2–0.3 m / s for a height of 140 m above ground must be deducted from them in forest areas in accordance with the planning information in the accompanying material. Procedures are currently in place to change the land use plans and regional planning accordingly . The Heilbronn District Office is responsible for issuing the required immission control permit , which includes the building permit. Some of the systems are to be built in a fauna and flora habitat . With a view to encroaching on the Harthäuser Wald ecosystem , the Heilbronn District Office has ordered an environmental impact assessment for all the plants planned in the Harthäuser Wald. The species protection report required for this is currently being drawn up. Parts of the population reject the projects because of the interference with the ecosystem and the impairment of the forest's recreational function. The communities want to increase acceptance among the population through an excursion and an Internet presentation. The population should also be given the opportunity to participate in the systems as investors in so-called citizens' energy cooperatives .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Topographic maps of the Land Surveying Office of Baden-Württemberg TK 25 and TK 50; Map of the Kingdom of Württemberg , sheet 5 from 1846
- ↑ Topographic map 1: 25000, sheets 6722 and 6822, Landesvermessungsamt Baden-Württemberg
- ^ Emil Kost: The high street between Kocher and Jagst. In: Württembergisch Franken. New series 22/23, 1947/48. Historical Association for Württemberg Franconia, Schwäbisch Hall 1949, pp. 47-61 (online here )
- ↑ Windatlas Baden-Württemberg, 1st edition, June 2011. pp. 19f and 46 (online here ( memento of the original from May 17, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original - and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice .; PDF; 3.2 MB). The State Agency for the Environment Baden-Württemberg (LUBW) ( Notes ) offers an enlargeable map of the wind frequency under Topics → Climate and renewable energies → Wind potential → Wind speeds . According to this - not corrected by the rule of thumb in the Wind Atlas p. 46 of 0.2–0.3 m / s - at a height of 140 m above the ground on the ridge slopes in the Harthauser forest 5.75–6.00 m / s wind speed to be expected, on two narrowly defined rear spur layers closer to the Jagst valley even 6.00–6.25 m / s.
- ↑ Heilbronn voice v. February 28, 2013 , accessed March 22, 2013
literature
- Hans Mattern : On nature conservation trips in northern Württemberg (1 and 2) . In: State Institute for Environmental Protection Baden-Württemberg (Hrsg.): Publications for nature conservation and landscape management in Baden-Württemberg. Volume 67, 1992, pp. 49-96 ISSN 0342-684X (regarding the Harthäuser Wald, pp. 64-65)
- The Harthäuser Forest . In: Hardthausen in history (s) in Hardthausen . Hardthausen community, Hardthausen am Kocher 1997. pp. 193–217