House Heisingen
Haus Heisingen is a former manor on the right bank of the Ruhr in Essen-Heisingen , the oldest preserved structure of which dates back to the 12th century.
As a fiefdom of Werden Abbey , it had been in the possession of the Barons Staël von Holstein for over two centuries from 1458 before it was converted into a summer residence for the Werden abbots at the beginning of the 18th century . After secularization , it came first to Prussia in 1815 and then in private ownership in 1890. Today there are rental apartments in the complex.
The great importance of the house for the place was reflected in the unofficial coat of arms of Heisingen. This shows the Heisingen house, greatly simplified, as a battlement wall with a stone arched gate under six red balls, which were taken from the family coat of arms of the Staël von Holstein family.
description
The 65 by 45 meter facility is located on a gently sloping terrain that is protected by a cut in the north and by a steep slope in the east. It consists of a mansion made of broken stone and bricks to the east and a two- wing farm building on the southwest corner, which dates from the 18th and 19th centuries. Century. In the north and southeast, the area is bounded by a quarry stone wall that is up to 0.8 meters thick. Depressions and embankments on some sides of the complex suggest that House Heisingen used to be surrounded by a ditch.
The two floors of the simple mansion rise on a 29.5 × 9.5 meter floor plan. Its southern part includes the oldest building stock in the facility. The house is plastered white and has small attachments in the form of an onion hood with a weather vane at the top on both gable ends of its hipped roof . Above its entrance is the coat of arms of the Werden abbot Coelestin von Geismar, under which the following inscription was previously to be read:
REVERENDISSIMUS ET ILLUSTRISSIMUS DOMINUS CAELESTINUS, MONASTERIORUM IMPERIALIUM ET IMMEDIATORUM EXEMPTORUM WERDINENSIS ET HELMSTADIENSIS ABBAS, HANC ARCEM CUM OMNIBUS IURIBUS ET PERTINENTIIS IMPERIALI ABBUSTATIA INC.
(German: The very distinguished and venerable Mr. Coelstinus, abbot of the imperial and imperial monasteries Werden and Helmstedt, incorporated this castle with all rights and accessories into the imperial monastery of St. Ludgerus in 1709 and brought it into a better shape, which had fallen from old age to let.)
The arched portal on the northwest corner was also built from rubble stone in the Baroque style and bears the coat of arms of Benedict von Geismar above the passage , who, according to an inscription, had the gate built in the 1740s. In the area of the driveway, the remains of the foundations of a round tower with a diameter of 6.20 meters were uncovered as part of a structural history study. It belonged to a medieval predecessor of today's house and was probably closed in 1779.
history
House Heisingen emerged from an upper courtyard of Werden Abbey. In the 9th century the place was on the border of the Franconian and Saxon settlement area, and the so-called Hof Kofeld (also Coefeld , Coveldt and Covelde ) secured the claims of the Franks against their neighbors. A small castle developed from this estate in the 11th and 12th centuries through expansion and fortification , which from the beginning of the 13th century was a man fief of the Werden monastery. Mentioned in a document as the seat of the Werden mayor in 1370 by mentioning it in the Werden Heberegister, Heinrich von Luttelnau was a tenant of the manor of Hof Kofeld in 1384 . In 1423 the abbey enfeoffed Ministerial Arnold von Walsum with it. On 31 May 1458 bought Vogt and bailiff of the abbey, Ruprecht I. Staël von Holstein, possession. His son Lutter was enfeoffed with the farm in 1464 and thus succeeded the von Dücker family as occupants of the house.
The Staël von Holstein family remained in possession of the property for seven generations before the unmarried Ferdinand Wilhelm Staël von Holstein zu Heisingen died out in 1696. His sister Amalia Eleonore and her husband Johann Georg von der Hauben inherited the Heisingen house and sold the very dilapidated facility in 1709 for 23,000 Reichstaler to the then Abbot Coelestin von Geismar. He had it converted into a summer residence for himself and his successors. For this purpose, not only was the dilapidated manor house rebuilt, but an L-shaped utility wing was also built to the southwest and the entire area was enclosed by a circular wall. Under a successor of Coelestin, Benedikt von Geismar, the entrance area was equipped with a representative portal that corresponded to the baroque taste of the time.
Through secularization, Haus Heisingen came to the French state in 1803, which ceded the complex - like the entire Werden property - to the Grand Duchy of Berg in 1808 . Due to the agreements of the Congress of Vienna , another change of ownership followed in 1815: House Heisingen became Prussian. It subsequently served as the apartment of the local pastor and the last Werden rent master , before Prussia sold it to a mining company in 1842, which used it as an operating building. The Heisingen merchant Johann Sonnenschein bought it from her on July 2, 1890. His family is still the owner of the complex today.
After both the interior of the manor house and the farm buildings were redesigned into smaller units, House Heisingen is now used for residential purposes.
literature
- Vocational Promotion Center Essen (Ed.): Think! Restoration of the Heisingen House. In: Bfz-Info . Vol. 3, No. 8, 1993, pp. 2-5.
- Günther Binding : Food. House Heisingen . In: Bonner Jahrbücher . No. 171, 1971, ISSN 0067-4893 , pp. 544-545.
- Citizenship Heisingen eV (Ed.): Heisinger Monument Paths. A hiking guide to the historical sites in Heisingen . Heisingen City Council, Essen 2004.
- Hermann Burghard: The steel house in Heisingen . In: Essen contributions. Contributions to the history of the city and monastery of Essen. No. 112, 2000, ISSN 1432-6531 , pp. 106-127.
- Ilse Cram: A summer residence of the Werden abbots. House Heisingen: A fief of the Abbey . In: Historischer Verein Werden (ed.): Stories from the Werden history . Volume 3. Essen-Werden 2005, ISBN 3-00-017631-4 , pp. 37-46.
- Klaus Gorzny: Ruhr castles . Piccolo-Verlag, Marl 2002, ISBN 3-9801776-7-X , pp. 133-134.
- Detlef Hopp : House Heisingen . In: Burgenland Essen. Castles, palaces and fortress houses in Essen. Klartext Verlag, Essen 2018, ISBN 978-3-8375-1739-2 , pp. 50–53
- Stefan Leenen: House Heisingen . In: Kai Niederhöfer (Red.): Burgen AufRuhr. On the way to 100 castles, palaces and mansions in the Ruhr region . Klartext Verlag , Essen 2010, ISBN 978-3-8375-0234-3 , pp. 175-178.
Web links
- The Heisingen building in the city of Essen's list of monuments (PDF file; 508 kB)
- The Heisingen House ground monument in the list of monuments of the city of Essen (PDF file; 482 kB)
References and comments
- ↑ Quoted from Paul Clemen (ed.): Die Kunstdenkmäler der Stadt und der Kreis Essen (= Die Kunstdenkmäler der Rheinprovinz . Volume 2, Section 3). L. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1893, p. 64 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ a b Information according to the information board on the property .
- ↑ Stefan Leenen: House Heisingen. 2010, p. 177.
- ^ Article by Peter Marnitz on www.waz.de ( Memento from September 30, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Heisingen's mountain farms (PDF; 21 kB)
- ↑ Ilse Cram: Heisinger story. The farmers - the first miners in Heisingen , accessed on September 15, 2010.
Coordinates: 51 ° 24 ′ 1.7 ″ N , 7 ° 4 ′ 27 ″ E