Oberwerries Castle
The Oberwerries Castle is a two- wing moated castle in the Lippeauen of the Hamm district of Hamm-Heessen . It comprises several buildings that have grown together over the centuries to form today's palace complex .
The buildings
The brick masonry complex consists of a two-wing mansion with a royal stables in front of it to the east . To the north of the manor there is a gatehouse , which is adjoined by a small baroque garden in the north .
Mansion
The mansion consists of a main building with two floors and a two-story wing adjoining it to the south, which is narrower and slightly lower than the main building. In front of the south wing to the east is a square pavilion tower .
The three structures of the manor house have cornices and window frames made of Baumberger sandstone as a common architectural element. However, their roof shapes are partly different. While the main house and the pavilion tower have a mansard roof , the south wing is closed off by a bent pitched roof.
Both the main house and the south wing of the manor house have a separate entrance, but both can be reached via a shared open staircase .
Gatehouse
The gatehouse is the oldest part of the complex, as evidenced by its iron wall anchors with the year 1667. Inside there is a chimney from 1672. Due to a bricked-up, but still visible, Gothic pointed arch window that was part of the former castle chapel , architectural historians assume that the gate is older and was only renewed and rebuilt in 1667.
Stables
To the east of the manor is the so-called Marstall, which is the castle's youngest building. It is an elongated, rectangular structure with window frames made of Baumberger sandstone, on the east side of which a former dog stable is adjacent.
history
The feudal lordship over the curtis in Werries, to which the houses Unter- (or Nieder-) and Oberwerries on both sides of the Lippe can be traced back, lay with the Limburg branch of the house Berg-Altena . As early as 1284, a castle was mentioned as the predecessor of today's castle in the feudal register of the Counts of Limburg - Styrum . That year Dietrich von Limburg enfeoffed Engelbert von Herbern with the feudal estates of Werries abandoned by the sons of Wessel called Kolve. The fortified complex served to secure the borders of the Münsterland .
For the period around 1400 there is a Conrad von Herbern as the owner of the fief. After the death of Hermann, the last male bearer of the von Herbern name, his mother sold Oberwerries, north of the Lippe, to Gerd von Beverförde from the Dutch province of Oberijssel in 1464. At this time there was already a second property south of the Lippe, which was located downstream and was therefore called Unter- or Niederwerries. The family that has been on Niederwerries since the 15th century is attested a hundred years earlier in this room: in 1322 Johann von Neheim got along with Engelbert von Herbern because of the mill in Werries. The Neheims remained masters of the estate until the first half of the 17th century, but then their possessions went bankrupt due to serious financial difficulties.
After Neheimsche Haus zu Hamm had already been transferred to the from Beverförde to Oberwerries through a middle-class intermediary in 1616, they also acquired the castle seat Unter- and Niederwerries in 1677 and thus reunited both houses in one hand. The then lord of the Oberwerries had started the new building of the palace complex in 1667, which his widow Ida von Plettenberg, a sister of the Münster prince-bishop Friedrich Christian von Plettenberg , had completed in 1684/92. As builder of the new mansion, which was built on the foundations of the old castle, on the basis of typical architectural elements will Capuchin Ambrose of Oelde suspects after its templates also Schloss Ahaus and Werne Capuchin monastery were built.
The building ensemble was completed in 1692 under Baroness Ida von Beverförde-Werries, née von Plettenberg . However, there is also the possibility that the construction work was not completed until 1714, because this year can be found on the railing of the outside stairs at the manor house.
Ida's grandson, the Prussian chamberlain Friedrich Christian von Beverförde , known as the great Werries , had today's Marstall building built on the grounds of the outer bailey according to plans by Johann Conrad Schlaun between 1730 and 1735 . The remains of the demolished Niederwerries provided the building material. The last member of the Beverförde family died in 1768, the great Werries . Oberwerries Castle came by inheritance to the noble Elverfeldt family - Friedrich Christian and Friedrich Clemens von Elverfeldt adopted the son of a cousin and made him his heir. His descendants, named von Beverfoerde zu Werries at Loburg Castle in Ostbevern , remained the owners of the castle , which was uninhabited for the next 160 years and thus left to decay.
In 1942, Baron Carl Maximilian Joseph von Elverfeldt, known as von Beverfoerde zu Werries, sold it to the Sachsen colliery in Heessen, which sold it to the city of Hamm in the same year. From 1952 onwards, the building was secured and the buildings were restored in stages by 1975. The manor house was converted into a vocational school home, while the Marstall has been home to today's sports and qualification center of the Westphalian Gymnastics Federation since 1956. The last renovation and renovation measures in 1975 primarily served to install a new staircase and restore the castle cellar.
Today, Oberwerries Castle serves as an educational and meeting place and as a venue for representative receptions for the city of Hamm. The conference that led to the establishment of the Association of German Music Schools took place there from September 5 to 7, 1952 . In the pavilion tower there is also the possibility of getting married in a civil ceremony.
Belonging to the parish of Heessen from time immemorial, Oberwerries was parish off to Dolberg in 1936 ; It was not until the regional reform of 1975 brought it back into the old community association that had now been absorbed in Hamm.
literature
- Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments. Westphalia . 1st edition, edited by Dorothea Kluge and Wilfried Hansmann. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich, Berlin 1969, p. 125.
- Bernard Droste: Oberwerries Castle . In: Hamm-Heessen . Artcolor, Hamm 1989, ISBN 3-89261-030-4 , pp. 23-27.
- Klaus Gorzny: Emscherschlösser. A companion . Piccolo, Marl 2001, ISBN 3-9801776-5-3 , pp. 140-142.
- Elke Hilscher: Oberwerries Castle . In: City Views, City Insights, City Views. On the trail of Hammer women's history (s) . Senior City Director of the City of Hamm, Hamm 1992, pp. 26–28.
- Helmut Richtering: Noble seats and manors in the area of the city of Hamm . In: Herbert Zink: 750 years of the city of Hamm . Hamm 1976.
- City administration Hamm: Schloss Oberwerries, training center of the city of Hamm . Self-published, Hamm 1970.
Web links
- Oberwerries Castle on westfalen-adelssitze.de ( Memento from November 1, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
- 360 ° panorama picture of Oberwerries Castle in the Westphalian Cultural Atlas (requires Flash player )
Individual evidence
- ^ Gregor Spohr (ed.): Romantic Ruhr area. Castles, palaces, mansions . 2nd Edition. Pomp , Bottrop 1996, ISBN 3-89355-110-7 , p. 98.
Coordinates: 51 ° 42 ′ 14 ″ N , 7 ° 53 ′ 19 ″ E