Heinrich Bernhard Cave
| Heinrich Bernhard Cave
|
||
|---|---|---|
| Location: | Plettenberg , North Rhine-Westphalia , Germany | |
|
Geographic location: |
51 ° 10 '14.5 " N , 7 ° 52' 46.5" E | |
|
||
| Discovery: | 1934 | |
| Overall length: | 192 m | |
The Heinrich Bernhard Cave is a middle cave in the Oestertal near Plettenberg - Lettmecke in the Sauerland that is not open to tourists . The cave is designated as a ground monument , nature reserve (NSG) and FFH area with a size of 0.04 ha.
It is located in a deep central Devonian coral limestone .
The total passage length of the cave is 192 meters. The height of individual cavities is between 1.10 and 9 meters. The cave runs over three floors. The lowest point is 21 meters below the entrance level. The cave entrance is 20 meters above the valley floor, is about 1 meter wide and 1.80 meters high.
In a hall, which is reached after the entrance area, which is partly winding and narrow, there are stalactite formations, larger stalactites and individual stalagmites . Groundwater emerges in the lower cave area .
The cave is the habitat of the cave crab Niphargus fontanus .
history
In 1934 Bernhard Klein and Heinrich Decker from Plettenberg-Oesterau discovered the cave and opened it up in the following years. From 1934 to 1942 they carried out systematic studies together. From 1942 Bernhard Klein continued to develop the cave on his own, as Heinrich Decker had not returned from the war. It was not until December 1949 that the first scientific investigations were carried out by Professor Franz Lotze (1903–1971) from Münster. A precise survey of the Heinrich-Bernhard-Höhle with a floor plan was done in 1988 by members of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft (ArGe) Höhle und Karst from Hemer .
The cave, which was previously called the Romberg cave, was renamed Heinrich-Bernhard-Höhle in 1951 after the first names of its discoverers.
To protect the cave from damage, it was closed with a strong metal door in the mid-1980s. The cave is only freely accessible to bats .
Protection expulsions
The Heinrich-Bernhard-Höhle was designated as a natural monument in 1985 by the district council of the Märkisches Kreis with the landscape plan No. 1 (Plettenberg-Herscheid-Neuenrade) . On October 2, 2000, the Heinrich Bernhard Cave was entered in the list of ground monuments of the city of Plettenberg as a paleontological ground monument . In 2004 the cave was also designated as an FFH area. With the 2nd amendment to the landscape plan No. 1 "Plettenberg-Herscheid-Neuenrade" on December 5, 2012, the natural cave was no longer designated as a natural monument, but as a "Heinrich-Bernhard-Höhle nature reserve".
Protection purpose
The nature reserve was designated for the preservation and development of a natural limestone cave with its specially adapted fauna and the beech forests surrounding the cave . As with other nature reserves in Germany, the protection designation indicated that the area became a nature reserve “because of its scenic beauty and uniqueness”.
Under special prohibitions in the landscape plan was listed "the indigenous forest areas (Hainsimsen-beech forest and woodruff-beech forest) for forest use".
See also
literature
- Franz Wilhelm Lotze, Münster: The newly discovered stalactite cave (Heinrich-Bernhard-Höhle) in the Oestertal near Plettenberg. In: Nature Conservation in Westphalia , Volume 10, 1950, pp. 145–149 (PDF document p. 162)
- Martin Zimmer: The "Heinrich Bernhard Cave" near Plettenberg - a unique natural monument . Essay. In: Heimatbund Märkischer Kreis, Altena (ed.): Plettenberg . 1994, p. 60-63 .
- Märkischer Kreis - Lower Landscape Authority (ed.): Märkischer Kreis: 2nd amendment to landscape plan No. 1 (Plettenberg-Herscheid-Neuenrade) , Lüdenscheid 2012, p. 44.
Web links
- Natura 2000 areas in North Rhine-Westphalia: DE-4813-303 (Heinrich-Bernhard-Höhle)
- "Heinrich-Bernhard-Höhle" nature reserve in the specialist information system of the State Office for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection in North Rhine-Westphalia
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Franz Wilhelm Lotze, Münster: The newly discovered stalactite cave (Heinrich Bernhard cave) in the Oestertal near Plettenberg. In: Naturschutz in Westfalen , Volume 10, 1950, pp. 145–149 (PDF document, p. 162 ff.) Accessed on February 23, 2015
- ^ Heinrich Streich: Unterirdische Zauberreich des Sauerlandes , 1967, pp. 108–111. Accessed on February 23, 2015.
- ↑ Natura 2000 area No. DE-4813-303 Accessed on February 25, 2015
- ↑ a b c Plettenberg-Lexikon: Heinrich-Bernhard-Höhle Retrieved on February 23, 2015
- ^ Plettenberg-Lexikon: List of ground monuments in Plettenberg.Retrieved on February 23, 2015
- ↑ LWL-Museum für Naturkunde: The registered paleontological ground monuments in Westphalia-Lippe. Accessed on February 23, 2015
- ↑ 2. Change to the landscape plan No. 1 “Plettenberg – Herscheid – Neuenrade” from December 5, 2012, p. 17 ( Memento of the original from February 22, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 23, 2015
