Heinz Braune

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Hans Heinrich Braune-Krickau , usually just called Heinz Braune , (born December 26, 1880 in Dobroslawitz , Cosel district ( Upper Silesia ); † January 10, 1957 in Munich ) was a German art historian and museum director .

Life

Growing up as the son of a landowner in Silesia and Leipzig ( St. Thomas School ), Braune initially studied classical archeology with Adolf Furtwängler , then art history with Karl Voll at the University of Munich . In 1905 he was with a dissertation on "The Church's wall painting of Bolzano in 1400" doctorate . In 1906 he was responsible for the first critical painting catalog of the Bavarian National Museum with Karl Voll and Hans Buchheit . In 1907, Braune became curator of the Royal Bavarian Painting Collections . From 1909 to 1911 he was Hugo von Tschudi's closest colleague and after his death in 1911 interim manager until 1914. From 1912 Braune was director of the Neue Pinakothek as the successor to August Holmberg .

Braune initiated and realized the Tschudi donation in order to acquire the works by French Impressionists that Tschudi had reserved but not yet paid for for the Pinakothek. On November 1, 1913, the reorganized Neue Pinakothek reopened with an exhibition of the Tschudi donation. In 1914 he was appointed professor .

Braune worked from 1916 to 1918 as a commissioner for the protection of art in Romania . In 1919 he followed a call as director of the Silesian Museum of Fine Arts in Wroclaw . In 1928 he succeeded Otto Fischer as director of the State Gallery in Stuttgart , where he worked until his retirement in 1946.

Braune was married to the art historian Mary Endres and, after her death, to Gisela Fuchs. He had four children.

Act

Brown's main interest was old German art. When processing the picture collections of the Bavarian National Museum, his clear eye for individual artists and schools proved its worth. His assignment of the "Mocking of Christ" to Grünewald (today in the Alte Pinakothek) had already caused a stir. In the catalogs of the Pinakotheken and some branch galleries published by him and his colleagues from 1911 to 1914, traces of his new attributions and discoveries can be found everywhere, such as the wing paintings for Albrecht Dürer's portrait of Oswald Krell. Brown's merit also includes the gathering of the altars scattered in various galleries.

The main area of ​​his activity, however, was the reorganization of the Bavarian (state) painting collections, which was largely carried out under Tschudi's assistance and had to be completed after his death, especially the Neue Pinakothek, which, after its reorganization in 1913, had a completely different appearance with Marées and the chud donation as the focus.

“Without his devoted efforts, committed to Tschudi's memory, to preserve this collection of French pictures as a whole, only a small part of these works of art would have remained in Munich. Through his enthusiastic, spirited advocacy, he won patrons - without ministerial help and against a powerful artistic body - who made the final acquisition of the paintings and sculptures possible, as well as some important purchases ” Wilhelm Hausenstein :“ The Neue Pinakothek is another gallery become. A museum that didn't count anymore…. a desolate provincial depot for more or less indifferent art paintings… has become one of the first collections of European art of the nineteenth century through a profound renewal ”. On this occasion, his friends donated him a Ludwig Giesz plaque of honor.

Braune took an early interest in contemporary art and was at home in the Munich art scene, friends with Hans Purrmann , Albert Weisgerber , Moll and already had an art collection with several works by Henri Matisse , Vincent van Gogh , Kees van Dongen , Maurice de Vlaminck , Wassily Kandinsky , Paul Klee , Ernst Ludwig Kirchner , Oskar Kokoschka and others.

His friends included the poets Wilhelm Klemm , Franz Bley, Franz Dülberg , the musicians Kurt von Wolfurt and Emil Preetorius , the art historians Heinrich Wölfflin , Friedrich Winkler , Hans Buchheit , Eberhard Hanfstaengl , to name just a few. In Munich society he was a welcome guest at the Sedlmayrs and Pringsheims ( Hedwig Pringsheim often mentions him in her diaries), well known by all well-known art dealers in Munich, Berlin and Paris , but also by the small traders . All of this made him the ideal employee for Tschudi. After Tschudi's death he devoted himself with great enthusiasm to the completion of the reorganization of the art galleries and the realization of the Tschudispende , which would not have come about without him.

In Breslau he began “with the same initiative to reorganize. Above all, he researched the stocks of the Silesian area. In a large exhibition in 1926 he was able to show a lot of unknown art and edit it in a catalog together with Erich Wiese. ”Here, too, he was particularly interested in modern art . In particular, he was able to advise wealthy art collectors such as Max Silberberg and his friend Carl Sachs and motivate them to make generous donations for the museum.

In Stuttgart, his main interest was in the reorganization of the old picture gallery, which he enriched with numerous new acquisitions, including above all old German and Swabian painting of the 19th century. Here, too, he was able to prove his enthusiastic advocacy for the younger generation through many acquisitions. In 1937 he showed a large exhibition "Painting of the Baroque" with holdings from Ludwigsburg Palace in the rooms of the art association. Due to the total loss of the State Gallery's archives, practically no documentation has been preserved on his activities from 1928 until his retirement in 1946.

Publications (selection)

  • The church wall painting of Bolzano around 1400 . Innsbruck 1906 (= dissertation).
  • Contributions to the painting of the Lake Constance area in the 15th century . In: Münchner Jahrbuch der Bildenden Kunst 2, 1907, pp. 12–24.
  • A contribution to Dürer's portrait of Oswald Krell . In: Münchner Jahrbuch der Bildenden Kunst 2, 1907, pp. 28–34.
  • with Karl Voll , Hans Buchheit : Catalog of the paintings of the Bavarian National Museum . Munich 1908.
  • Catalog of the Kgl. Older Pinakothek in Munich . Official edition. Munich 1913.
  • Catalog of the Kgl. New Pinakothek in Munich (Vorw.), Munich 1914.
  • Catalog of the Kgl. Picture gallery to Schleissheim . Munich 1914.
  • Albert Weisgerber. Memorial exhibition from April 22nd to the end of May 1916 . (Preface). Munich 1916.
  • To a painting by Henri Matisse . In: Genius 2, 1920, pp. 197-198.
  • About a painting by Hans Purrmann . In: Genius 2, 1920.
  • Oskar Moll . Leipzig 1921.
  • with Konrad Hahn: Silesia in color photography . Berlin 1924.
  • with Erich Wiese : The Annunciation to Maria in the 15th and early 16th centuries. Descriptive directory of the paintings in the Kaiser-Friedrich-Museum and Deutsches Museum . Wroclaw 1926.
  • Grünewald discovery! Four unknown pictures by the master in Bavaria . In: Munich Latest News , July 12, 1927.
  • with Erich Wiese: Silesian painting and sculpture of the Middle Ages. Critical catalog of the exhibition in Breslau in 1926 . Leipzig 1929.
  • Baroque painting. Württemberg State Gallery, July-September 1935 . Stuttgart 1935.
  • The Pietà Rondanini by Michelangelo . in: Neue Zürcher Zeitung 1950.
  • Hans Purrmann on his 70th birthday . In: Hans Purrmann, Richard Seewald. Art Museum Lucerne, April 2nd-7th May 1950 . Lucerne 1950, pp. 3–7.

literature

  • Reich manual of German society . The handbook of personalities in words and pictures. Volume 1. Deutscher Wirtschaftsverlag, Berlin 1930, p.
  • Wolfgang Christlieb: Guardian of the great French. Prof. Dr. Heinz Braune was 75 years old . In: Süddeutsche Zeitung , December 27, 1955.
  • Eberhard Hanfstaengl : Heinz Braune . In: Kunstchronik 10, 1957, pp. 76–77.
  • Christian Lenz : Heinz Braune and the Tschudi donation . in: Manet to Van Gogh . Catalog of the exhibition Staatlich Museen zu Berlin; Bayerische Staatsgemäldesammlungen, Munich, 1996–97. Prestel, Munich 1996, ISBN 3-7913-1748-2 , pp. 432-438.
  • Erika Pophanken et al. (Hrsg.): The modern and their collectors. Berlin, 2001, p. 311 ff.
  • Robert Purrmann: memories of brown . in: "Paris is not necessary". Göttingen, 2001, p. 335 ff.
  • Magdalena Palica: Heinz Braune (1880–1957) . Wroclaw 2009
  • Hedwig Pringsheim: Diaries , Göttingen, Wallstein-Verlag

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Kurt Martin : The Tschudi donation . Munich 1962; Josef Kern: Impressionism in Wilhelmine Germany . Dissertation Würzburg 1986, p. 191 ff .; Christian Lenz: Heinz Braune and the Tschudi donation . in: Manet to Van Gogh . Catalog of the exhibition Staatlich Museen zu Berlin; Bayerische Staatsgemäldesammlungen, Munich, 1996–97. Prestel, Munich 1996, ISBN 3-7913-1748-2 , pp. 432-438; Christian Lenz: The Tschudi donation . in: Veronika Schröder (Ed.): Neue Pinakothek Munich . Prestel, Munich 2008, pp. 9-11.
  2. ↑ a b c Eberhard Hanfstaengl: Heinz Braune . In: Kunstchronik 10, 1957, pp. 76–77.
  3. ↑ See letters from Hans Purrmann to Heinz Braune 1900 to 1956 in the possession of G. Niess Erben and Purrmann-Museum Speyer and letters from Heinz Braune to Hans Purrmann in the possession of the Purrmann-Archiv, Munich. On the friendship between Heinz Braune and Hans Purrmann cf. Felix Billeter / Christoph Wagner (ed.): New ways to Hans Purrmann . Gebr. Mann Verlag, Berlin 2016, ISBN 978-3-7861-2776-5 , especially the contributions by Julie Kennedy: "'Slevogt was a teacher to me, although I took lessons from Stuck.' Hans Purrmann at the Munich Art Academy and his study trips 1897-1905 ", pp. 24–61; Lisa Kern: "Radiations of a stimulating spiritual life". Hans Purrmann in Berlin in the winter of 1904/1905 ", pp. 62–83; Felix Billeter: "Hans Purrmann in World War I. Comments on the memories of Heinz Braunes from Beilstein from August 1915", pp. 144–157.
  4. ^ Hedwig Pringsheim: Diaries . Wallstein-Verlag, Göttingen 2013.
  5. ^ Anja Heuss: The Max Silberberg Collection in Breslau . In: Andrea Pophanken, Felix Billeter (Ed.): The modern age and their collectors. French art in German private ownership from the Empire to the Weimar Republic . Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-05-003546-3 , pp. 311-325.
personal data
SURNAME Brown, Heinz
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Braune-Krickau, Hans Heinrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German art historian and museum director
DATE OF BIRTH December 26, 1880
PLACE OF BIRTH Dobroslawitz , District of Cosel ( Upper Silesia )
DATE OF DEATH January 10, 1957
Place of death Munich