Hendrick Goltzius

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Hendrik Goltzius by Jacob Matham

Hendrick Goltzius (* January or February 1558 in Bracht , today part of Brüggen in the district of Viersen - near Venlo ; †  December 29, 1616 or January 1, 1617 in Haarlem ) was a Dutch painter and engraver . His work can be assigned to mannerism .

Life

Goltzius' right hand

Goltzius learned from Dirck Volkertszoon Coornhert and Philipp Galle . He set up a copper printer and from 1590 toured Italy and Germany for several years , keeping a keen eye on everything and doing excellent studies. Goltzius has made a name for himself in the technique of copper engraving. He developed that plastic treatment of the engraving, which tries to conform to the laws of modeling in the most precise way through the swing and movement of the shadow lines, through their swelling and disappearing, through the different ways of their cutting. His pen tears, also called feather art pieces or Dutch pen works , in which he imitated the engraving technique with pen and ink on paper or parchment, were in great demand . During his lifetime he was already celebrated as one of the most brilliant engravers and artists.

He did his craft so admirably, although his right hand was misshapen after being burned as a child. He depicted this on an engraving in a special kind of self-portrait, as if it had been created for the burin (see adjacent illustration: Goltzius' right hand , 1588). Against this background, it is often assumed that Goltzius used his right hand to prick and his left hand to paint, as the friend and biographer Karel van Mander reports in his Schilder-Boeck .

Self-portrait (1593/94)

At the age of 42, Goltzius began to make paintings as well. As a painter , draftsman and engraver he was under the influence of the Mannerist tendency that was brought about by the imitation of Italian masters and which dominated Dutch art at that time. His copperplate engravings (approx. 330) are masterly in their technique and prefer violent and erotic motifs as well as allegories, such as those provided by the Flame Bartholomäus Spranger , who worked at the Prague imperial court and to whom Goltzius remained stylistically attached in his painting. He also made excellent woodcuts in chiaroscuro . In his workshop, the elite of engravers of that time were trained, such as Jakob de Gheyn II , Jakob Matham , Pieter de Jode the Elder , Jan Muller and Jan Saenredam , who each continued the mannerism of their teacher in their own way. The number of engravings made after “Goltzius” is very large. Goltzius-style leaves were a popular export item and can now be found in almost all major museums and collections.

Famous works

  • Falling (Icarus, Phaeton and others)
  • Pygmalion
  • Heracles and two viewers
  • Jupiter and Antiope , painting from 1612, The National Gallery, London
  • Apollo von Belvedere and sketch artist
  • Virtue series
  • Planetary series
  • Mercenary series
  • Illustrations for Ovid's Metamorphoses

  • Icarus
    (1588) Series Falling People

  • Pygmalion
    (1594)

  • Hercules
    (around 1600)

  • Bravery and Patience
    (undated) series Virtues

Exhibitions

  • 2014: style and perfection. Hendrick Goltzius and Mannerist printmaking in Holland. , Städel Museum , Frankfurt .
  • 2014: The master engravings by Hendrick Goltzius , Kunsthalle Bremen
  • 2016: Impressively engraved. The Hendrick Goltzius company . Kunstmuseum Basel , Kupferstichkabinett

literature

Web links

Commons : Hendrick Goltzius  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. ↑ So Karel van Mander in Schilder-Boeck , here for example on folia 282v - 287r Henricus Goltzius , fol. 247, available through the Digitale Bibliotheek voor de Nederlandse Letteren .
  2. ↑ And how Walter Melion in Shaping the Netherlandish canon , Chicago, 1991, p 59. Karel van Mander reproduces after its signage Boeck .
  3. ↑ Notice on the exhibition , accessed on August 28, 2014.
  4. ↑ Kunstmuseum Basel | Exhibitions | Preview | Impressively engraved
personal data
SURNAME Goltzius, Hendrick
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Goltius, Hendrick; Goltz, Hendrick; Golzius, Hendrick; Goltzius, Hendricus; Goltzius, Henricus; Goltzius, H .; Bracht, Hendrick van; Gols, Hendick; Gols, Hendrik; Goltz, Hendrik; Goltius, Hendrik; Golzius, Henrik
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dutch painter and engraver
DATE OF BIRTH January 1558 or February 1558
PLACE OF BIRTH Bracht (Brüggen) near Venlo
DATE OF DEATH December 29, 1616 or January 1, 1617
Place of death Haarlem