Henri Louis Ernest Jouard

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Henri Louis Ernest Jouard (1896–1938)
Title page of the first edition of Alauda

Henri Louis Ernest Jouard usually Henri Jouard (born May 16, 1896 in Santenay , Département Côte-d'Or , † March 16, 1938 in Vence , Département Alpes-Maritimes ) was a French ornithologist .

Live and act

First he was a student at the École alsacienne in Paris , then moved to the Carnot high school in Dijon , where he graduated with a high school diploma in art and philosophy. Now he began to study law, which he successfully completed in November 1914 in Paris. The First World War began and so he was mobilized at the age of 19 . First he served as a common soldier in the 35e regiment d'infanterie in Belfort from April 1915 , and rose to sergeant in December of the same year . This was followed by a change to the 42e regiment d'infanterie . In the Saint-Cyr military school , he was an officer candidate, then transferred to Saint-Mihiel and finally wounded in May 1916 at Fort Vaux . Finally, he took part in the operations on the heights of Cléry-sur-Somme and Maurepas before being promoted to officer. On October 23, 1917, he fell behind the front lines in the Buffle offensive. He withdrew, jumped over a parapet and hid in a trench there. Fortunately for him, the light infantry of Africa , also known as the Zephir Battalion , brought him back behind their own lines in a night operation. In 1918, when Ville-en-Tardenois and Soissons were retaken at the Battle of the Aisne , Jouards made another unusual feat. On September 16, during the battle of the mill at Laffaux , he was wounded by a bullet in the right lung. He refuses to be evacuated and fights in the field for another day. Here he is taken in by the Germans who are taking care of his injury. Since he speaks German, he convinced his tired comrades to give up the senseless resistance. When the 42e regiment d'infanterie recaptured the area, they found him seriously injured among fifteen German prisoners. For this feat he was allowed to carry the flag of the 42nd regiment at the victory parade . In 1932 he was awarded the Order of Officier de la Légion d'Honneur and the Order of Croix de guerre . In September he was demobilized at his own request because of his injury. Now he took up his law studies again, which he completed with a doctorate. Eventually he practiced as a lawyer after registering with the Dijon Bar Association. The University of Dijon awarded him an honorary doctorate . The lung damage that he sustained in the war later led to consequential damage and ultimately to his death.

As a child, he observed birds, made notes of their behavior and habits. He was supported by a family friend, the amateur ornithologist Henri Darviot-Albertier from Beaune . His recreational stays in the mountains and the associated inactivity increased his interest in ornithology. So he began a study of marsh tits , treecreepers , etc. His publication on the bird world in the Montana region was considered exemplary. He underwent a series of treatments in Gryon , Hauteville-lès-Dijon , Leysin , Montana, followed by longer stays in Territet , Lausanne , Pau and Mont-Louis .

He specializes in researching bird calls and developed an extraordinary sense of hearing and recognized them by their songs and calls. Jouard coined the term ornithomélography for this . It was enough for him to describe the fauna of a region with high precision after a few hours, without seeing a bird, exclusively through his hearing. He was often on his excursions with Jean Ferdinand Paul Paris (1875–1938). He followed his studies meticulously. His works were not intended for the general public, but written for experts, so that they usually came across as a bit dry for the reader. He also applied the same high standards to other authors and so he did not shy away from criticizing their work. This earned him many opponents, which often subsided when they got to know him personally, since he actually had a good heart and nobody was unforgiving.

Jourad tried to win the youth for ornithology and so he published some articles in the magazine Scout de France of the scouts of France. These dealt with questions such as how do I research birds? or how and why do I protect birds? . The success was limited, as the way of experiencing nature was lived differently with the scouts. In addition, he maintained an enormous correspondence. He spent several hours every day reading and answering letters.

With Pages de gloire du 42e regiment d'infanterie. 1914-1918 he published a historical book about the 42e regiment d'infanterie . The education and upbringing of his children was very important to him.

He was not indifferent to public affairs. As a supporter of integralism , he was convinced that the demagogic principles of the system had negative effects on the parties. He therefore sympathized with a group that had the goal of re-establishing the monarchy . Was he in youth a follower of determinism , he turned later to the faith. Through his family and friends, he joined a tolerant group of Calvinists and loved to discuss religious issues. He dreamed of uniting the churches and becoming a fellowship of Christians.

Jouard was highly respected in the ornithologist family and his correspondence was lively, colorful and classic at the same time. His answers were impressive because of their precision and logical analysis. Anyone visiting him in Branges with his in-laws or in Dijon in his house was always warmly welcome. Projects were forged here, but due to lack of time, they were almost never implemented.

When he was in the Eastern Pyrenees in 1933 and in Dombes in 1937 with Paul Poty (1889–1962), his health was already badly affected.

Paul Paris founded Alauda , an ornithological journal, in 1929 with Jacques de Chavigny (1880–1963), Jacques Delamain (1874–1953), Adrien Joseph Louis Lavauden (1881–1935), Noël Mayaud (1899–1989), Henri Heim de Balsac (1899–1979), Poty, Paris and Jouard were part of the editorial team. 1929 was the first to describe Jouard of Lophophanes cristatus abadiei , a subspecies of the crested tit . In 1930 he described a subspecies of the treecreeper as Certhia familiaris gerbei , a name that is now a synonym for Certhia familiaris macrodactyla Brehm, CL , 1831.

Dedication names

Gustav von Burg (1871–1927) dedicated 1925 to him with Parus atricapilius jouardi , a subspecies of the willow tit , a name that is now a synonym for the nominate form .

Fonts (selection)

  • The quelques oiseaux observés dans les Alpes Vaudoises (1200 to 1300 mètres), pendant l'été . In: Revue française d'ornithologie . No. 8 , 1923, pp. 1-3 .
  • Two questions . In: Revue française d'ornithologie . No. 8 , 1923, pp. 17 .
  • The quelques oiseaux observés dans les Alpes Vaudoises (1200 to 1300 mètres), pendant l'été . In: Revue française d'ornithologie . No. 8 , 1923, pp. 32-35 .
  • The quelques oiseaux observés dans les Alpes Vaudoises (1200 to 1300 mètres), pendant l'été . In: Revue française d'ornithologie . No. 8 , 1923, pp. 54-61 .
  • with Henri Heim de Balsac: Première révision des Mésanges huppées auxquelles est appliqué le nom de Parus cristatus milraius Brehm . In: Revue française d'ornithologie (=  2 ). tape 11 , no. 220/221 , 1927, pp. 290–296 ( bibliotheques.mnhn.fr ).
  • De l'ornithomélographie . In: Revue française d'ornithologie (=  2 ). tape 11 , no. 224 , 1927, pp. 399-407 ( bibliotheques.mnhn.fr ).
  • Comment s'intéresser aux Oiseaux . In: Scout de France . No. 59 , 1926, pp. 6-7 .
  • Comment étudier les Oiseaux . In: Scout de France . No. 61 , 1927, pp. 4-5 .
  • Comment étudier les Oiseaux . In: Scout de France . No. 71 , 1927, pp. 8-9 .
  • Comment étudier les Oiseaux . In: Scout de France . No. 73 , 1927, pp. 4-5 .
  • Comment étudier les Oiseaux . In: Scout de France . No. 76 , 1927, pp. 4-5 .
  • Comment étudier les Oiseaux . In: Scout de France . No. 79 , 1927, pp. 6-7 .
  • Comment étudier les Oiseaux . In: Scout de France . No. 81 , 1927, pp. 4-5 .
  • Comment étudier les Oiseaux . In: Scout de France . No. 84 , 1928, pp. 6-7 .
  • Comment étudier les Oiseaux . In: Scout de France . No. 97 , 1929, pp. 6-10 .
  • Pourqui protéger les Oiseaux . In: Scout de France . No. 97 , 1929, pp. 10-11 .
  • Comment protéger les Oiseaux . In: Scout de France . No. 98 , 1929, pp. 10-11 .
  • Speaking of chats . In: Scout de France . No. 104 , 1929, pp. 11 .
  • De la variabilité geographique de Parus cristatus dan l'Europe occidentale . In: Alauda . tape 1 , no. 31 , 1929, pp. 19–39 ( bibliotheques.mnhn.fr ).
  • Pages de gloire du 42e regiment d'infanterie. 1914-1918 . Schmitt frères, Belfort 1929.
  • De la variabilité geographique de Certhia familiaris dan l'Europe occidentale . In: Alauda . tape 2 , no. 3 , 1930, p. 162–202 ( bibliotheques.mnhn.fr ).
  • Contribution to l'ornithologie des Alpes valaisannes: les oiseaux du Plateau de Montana-Vermala . In: Bulletin de la Murithienne . No. 48 , 1930, pp. 94-143 ( doc.rero.ch [PDF]).
  • with Olivier Meylan. Julie Schinz: Contribution à l'étude de l'avifaune des Alpes: 2, Hérens . In: Bulletin de la Murithienne . No. 49 , 1931, pp. 34–43 ( doc.rero.ch [PDF]).
  • Contribution à l'ornithologie des Alpes valaisannes: les oiseaux du Plateau de Montana-Vermala (deuxième article) . In: Bulletin de la Murithienne . No. 49 , 1931, pp. 54–62 ( doc.rero.ch [PDF]).
  • with André Jean François Rochon-Duvigneaud: Sur les pontes tardives du Pigeon ramier Columba palumbus et sur la coloration de l'iris des jeunes de cette espèce . In: Alauda (=  3 ). tape 6 , no. 1 , 1934, p. 117–118 ( bibliotheques.mnhn.fr ).
  • with André Claudon: Sur la nidification d'une Oie cendrée Anser anser dans notre département des Vosges . In: Alauda (=  3 ). tape 7 , no. 3 , 1935, pp. 423-425 ( bibliotheques.mnhn.fr ).
  • Louis Lavauden . In: Alauda (=  3 ). tape 7 , no. 4 , 1935, pp. 448–456 ( bibliotheques.mnhn.fr ).
  • with Noël Mayaud, Henri Heim de Balsac: Sur l'Inventaire des Oiseaux de France . In: Alauda (=  3 ). tape 8 , no. 2 , 1936, pp. 258–260 ( bibliotheques.mnhn.fr ).
  • with Georges de Vogué: Un cas de nidification curieusement anormal de la Mesange charbonniere . In: Alauda (=  3 ). tape 8 , no. 2 , 1936, pp. 265–267 ( bibliotheques.mnhn.fr ).
  • with Jaques Delamain: Notes sur la migration et la nidification du printemps 1936 . In: Alauda (=  3 ). tape 8 , no. 3/4 , 1936, p. 472–476 ( bibliotheques.mnhn.fr ).

literature

  • Jean-Jacques Amigo, “Jouard (Henri)”, in Nouveau Dictionnaire de biographies roussillonnaises, vol. 3 Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre, Perpignan, Publications de l'olivier, 2017, 915 p. ( ISBN 9782908866506 )
  • Paul Poty: Henri Jouard . In: Alauda (=  3 ). tape 10 , no. 3 , 1938, pp. 231–235 ( bibliotheques.mnhn.fr ).
  • Olivier Meylan: Obituaire: Henri Jouard (1896-1938) . In: Ornithological Observers . tape 35 , 1938, pp. 165–166 ( ala-schweiz.ch [PDF]).
  • Charles Désiré Dupond : Necrology Henri Jouard . In: Le Gerfaut - Revue belge d'Ornithologie . tape 28 , no. 1 , 1938, ISSN  0251-1193 , pp. 43-44 .
  • Gustav von Burg : The marsh and willow tits . In: The animal world . tape 35 , 1925, pp. 180-181 .

Web link

Commons : Henri Louis Ernest Jouard  - Collection of Images, Videos and Audio Files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jean-Jacques Amigo, “Jouard (Henri)”, in Nouveau Dictionnaire de biographies roussillonnaises, vol. 3 Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre, Perpignan, Publications de l'olivier, 2017, 915 p. ( ISBN 9782908866506 )
  2. ^ Paul Poty, p. 231.
  3. ↑ a b c d Paul Poty, p. 232.
  4. ↑ a b Olivier Meylan, p. 165.
  5. ↑ a b c Paul Poty, p. 233.
  6. ↑ a b c d Paul Poty, p. 234.
  7. ^ Paul Poty, p. 235.
  8. ^ Henri Louis Ernest Jouard (1929), p. 37.
  9. ^ Henri Louis Ernest Jouard (1913), p. 196.
  10. ^ Gustav von Burg, p. 180.
personal data
SURNAME Jouard, Henri Louis Ernest
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Jouard, Henri
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French ornithologist
DATE OF BIRTH May 16, 1896
PLACE OF BIRTH Santenay (Côte-d'Or)
DATE OF DEATH March 16, 1938
Place of death Vence