Hermann III. Köppen

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Hermann Köppen , also Koppe, († January 3, 1444 in Schwerin ) was archdeacon of goods in 1424 , canon in the Schwerin cathedral chapter and 1429–1444 as Hermann III. Bishop in the diocese of Schwerin .

Life

After the death of Bishop Heinrich III. von Wangelin on June 19, 1429, the Schwerin Cathedral Chapter elected Canon Hermann Köppen and Archdeacon von Waren as the new bishop from among its members. This means that there was also a civil bishop in the Schwerin diocese. The election took place after July 6, 1429. As a priest he belonged to the Schwerin cathedral chapter as a canon.

Whether Hermann Köppen came from Uerdingen near Krefeld in the Archdiocese of Cologne does not seem certain. As the niece of Electen , Bertken Sornemes, nun in the convent Rühn was, is to assume that it came from the same name of a resident of Mecklenburg family.

Hermann Köppen was the owner of a vicarie at the parish church of Lüchow in the Diocese of Verden and was appointed pastor in Frauenmark near Crivitz on February 1, 1397 by Pope Boniface of Rome at the suggestion of the Rühn monastery .

There were certain difficulties at the papal court and the election was declared invalid because the occupation of the episcopal see was considered reserved. But the candidate for the Schwerin cathedral chapter was still provided by Pope Martin V on October 14, 1429. On October 23rd, the Electus received permission to receive episcopal ordination from any Catholic bishop. From December 1, the title electus confirmatus was used, and on December 2, the Roman records again speak of an Episcopus Zweriensis .

The years of office of Bishop Hermann III. included a difficult time in several ways. The Basel Council had been in session since 1431 , at which the Lübeck Bishop Johannes VII. Schele played an important role. On August 31, 1433, Bishop Hermann III. and its cathedral chapter were appointed conservators by the council to oppose the acts of violence of secular rulers , and they were ordered to act against them.

Bishop Hermann III. had agreed on April 18, 1437 together with his responsible Archbishop Balduin von Bremen in a statement and resolution on four desiderata of the council, a collection of funds and the election of the prelates. But in the dispute between the council and Pope Eugene IV , he remained neutral as Bishop of Schwerin.

Just like his fellow bishops in the north of Germany, Bishop Hermann III took over. through the mediating Lübeck Bishop Johann Schele the reform decrees for his diocese.

Unrest in the city of Rostock , which led to the imposition of ecclesiastical penalties and the university's move to Greifswald , were the effects of the Basel Council. Bishop Hermann III. had lifted the ban imposed on the city of Rostock on November 27, 1439 on January 3, 1439, on behalf of the Basel Residential Council, which had long since been suspended . At that time, Duke Amadeus of Savoy had already been elected as antipope Felix V in Basel .

That Bishop Hermann III. was also a man with a positive ecclesiastical attitude, one can see from many of his documents. The monastery Rühn, which had proposed him as pastor of Frauenmark, owed him in 1443 the endowment of a vicariate at the altar Petri and Pauli of the local monastery church for his own confessor not under 30 years ... about leaving the monastery and other annoyances and To fight off danger to the soul . Other monasteries, such as Ribnitz and Neukloster, were also able to enjoy special care. Foundations for the increase and solemn organization of the worship service from the hand of the bishop are to be heard as well as the ordinance on questions of church music. At the veneration of the Virgin Mary, foundations of Marienhoren and votive masses in honor of the Blessed Mother and instructions for singing the Salve Regina in the Schwerin church were mentioned in particular.

As a credit to Bishop Hermann III. The approval given on January 14, 1432 to establish a theological faculty at the University of Rostock , of which he was second chancellor, may also be viewed. Due to his good administration, there were further deleverages in the church property.

Bishop Hermann III. died on January 3rd, 1444 and was buried in Schwerin in the cathedral under a very wide stone, quite apart from the other bishops, on the right side of the organ . His tombstone, like many others in the church, has been lost. The inscription has not survived either.

seal

The Bishop Hermann III. In the seal, Köppen had an image of Mary with the Christ child in a niche, on the right side of which hangs the episcopal coat of arms , on which the lower half is hatched. On the left side of the niche hangs the bishop's family coat of arms, a lion growing up from the lower edge of the shield under a shield head topped with three stars or roses.

The inscription reads: S HERMANNI DEI GRA EPI ZWERINEN.

literature

  • Bernhard Hederich: Directory of the bishops of Schwerin Wismar 1736.
  • Alfred Rische: Directory of the bishops and canons of Schwerin with biographical remarks. Ludwigslust 1900.
  • Konrad Eubel : Hierarchia catholica medii aevi , Volume I. 1913.
  • Gerhard Müller-Alpermann: Status and origin of the bishops of the Magdeburg and Hamburg church provinces in the Middle Ages. Prenzlau 1930.
  • Karl Schmaltz : Church history of Mecklenburg. Volume I. Schwerin 1935.
  • Josef Traeger : The bishops of the medieval diocese of Schwerin. St. Benno Verlag Leipzig 1984.
  • Margit Kaluza-Baumruker: The Schwerin Cathedral Chapter (1171–1400). Cologne, Vienna 1987.
  • Grete Grewolls: Hermann III. Köppen . In: Who was who in Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania (1995) p. 191.
  • Claus Brodkorb: Hermann Köppen . In: 1198-1448. (2001) pp. 713-714.
  • Grete Grewolls: Who was who in Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania. The dictionary of persons . Hinstorff Verlag, Rostock 2011, ISBN 978-3-356-01301-6 , p. 4135 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Alfred Rische: I. The bishops . In: Directory of the bishops and canons of Schwerin. 1900 p. 3.
  2. ^ State main archive Schwerin LHAS, Regesten I. Parchimer church letters from 1424
  3. ↑ LHAS, Regesten II. No. 143b
  4. ↑ Friedrich Schlie : The art and history monuments of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin , IV p. 478
  5. ^ Bernhard Hederich: Directory of the bishops of Schwerin , 1739 p. 452
  6. ↑ Hans Ammon: Johannes Schele. Bishop of Lübeck at the Basel Council . Lübeck 1931
  7. ↑ LHAS Regesten II., August 31, 1433
  8. ^ Karl Schmaltz: Church history of Mecklenburg , IS 244
  9. ↑ LHAS Regesten II., April 11, 1443
  10. ↑ LHAS Regesten II., January 25, 1438
  11. ^ Bernhard Hederich: Directory of the bishops of Schwerin , p. 453
  12. ^ Friedrich Schlie : The art and history monuments of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin , II. P. 567
  13. ↑ Mecklenburgisches Jahrbuch MJB VIII. (1843), Friedrich Lisch : History of the Episcopal Schwerin Coat of Arms p. 24
personal data
SURNAME Köppen, Hermann
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hermann III.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Bishop of Schwerin
DATE OF BIRTH 14th century or 15th century
DATE OF DEATH January 3, 1444
Place of death Schwerin