Hermann Ranke

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Hermann Ranke (born August 5, 1878 in Balgheim (Möttingen) , † April 22, 1953 in Freiburg im Breisgau ) was a German Egyptologist .

Life

Hermann Ranke was the eldest of three sons of the Lutheran pastor in Balgheim and later Lübeck's main pastor Leopold Friedrich Ranke and his (second) wife Julie, née. von Bever (1850-1924); his brothers were Otto and Friedrich . He grew up in Lübeck, attended the Katharineum in Lübeck until he graduated from high school in Easter 1897 and initially studied theology , but switched to the University of Munich in 1899 , where he studied Oriental languages and Egyptology . In 1902 he received his doctorate with the dissertation “The personal names in the documents of the Hammurabi dynasty . A contribution to the knowledge of Semitic name formation ”. After completing his doctorate, he received a research fellowship from the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia . Back in Germany in 1905 he took up a position at the State Museum in Berlin in the Egyptian department . In 1910 a teaching position for Egyptology followed at the University of Heidelberg , where he also received his professorship in 1910 and became director of the Egyptological Institute. Since that year, Hermann Ranke built up the Egyptological Institute at Heidelberg University. He put on the collection of the seminar for Egyptology and enriched it with finds from his numerous own excavations.

In 1913 Ranke was accepted as a member of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences . In 1912/13 and 1924 he took part in various expeditions and excavation campaigns in Egypt . During the third excavation season of the German Orient Society (DOG) from November 1912 to March 1913 in Tell el-Amarna , he was Ludwig Borchardt's assistant. The bust of Queen Nefertiti was found on December 6, 1912 . During the First World War Ranke served as Vice Sergeant and Deputy Officer in the 4th Company of the 1st Landsturm Infantry Battalion at the railroad guard in Lorraine , and in 1916 he was awarded the Iron Cross 2nd Class for his achievements . The Senate of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck awarded the Lieutenant in the Landsturm Infantry Battalion XII / 2 the Lübeck Hanseatic Cross . In the winter of 1932 he taught for a semester as visiting professor at the University of Wisconsin – Madison in the United States.

Wedding of Hermann Ranke and Marie Stein-Ranke (1906)

In 1937 Hermann Ranke was retired from the Nazi regime under Hitler . This happened because of his marriage to the artist Marie Stein-Ranke, who was considered half-Jewish according to the Nuremberg Laws . After the end of the Second World War , this decision was reversed. He was also excluded from the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences in 1939 and reinstated as a corresponding member in 1947. From 1938 to 1942 he taught various semesters as visiting professor in the USA. In 1942 he returned to Germany via Stockholm and in 1945 took on again the teaching position for Egyptology at the University of Heidelberg. Various visiting professorships in Egypt and the USA followed at this time.

Fonts

  • The personal names in the documents of the Hammurabi dynasty. A contribution to the knowledge of the Semitic name formation. Munich 1902.
  • Babylonian Legal and Buisseness Documents from the Time of The First Dynasty of Babylon, Chiefly from Sippar. 1906.
  • Cuneiform material on ancient Egyptian vocalization. Treatises of the Prussian Academy of Sciences, 1910.
  • The ancient Egyptian snake game. Report of the meeting of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences, 1920.
  • with Adolf Erman : Egypt and Egyptian life in antiquity. Tübingen 1923.
  • The Gilgamesh Epic. (Translation). Hamburg 1924.
  • with Hugo Gressmann , Erich Ebeling : Old Oriental texts on the Old Testament. Berlin 1926.
  • The Egyptian personal names. Volume 1-3. Augustin, Glückstadt et al. 1935 , 1952 , 1977 (both online as PDF).
  • JH Breasted's History of Egypt. (Translation). Zurich 1936.
  • Masterpieces of Egyptian Art. Berlin, Darmstadt 1948.

literature

  • Günter Burkard:  Ranke, Hermann. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 21, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-428-11202-4 , pp. 144 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Dagmar Drüll: Heidelberger Gelehrtenlexikon 1803-1932 . 1986, p. 213,
  • Hans Schaefer : Memory of Hermann Ranke . In: Ruperto - Carola. Announcements of the Association of Friends of the Student Union of the University of Heidelberg eV 5th year, No. 9/10, June 1953, p. 95
  • Hans Gerhard Evers : Hermann Ranke In: Lübeckische Blätter. Journal of the Society for the Promotion of Charitable Activities. Vol. 89, 1953, No. 11, pp. 146-147. (Reprinted in: Hans Gerhard Evers: Schriften. Technische Hochschule Darmstadt, 1975).
  • Hermann Ranke. In: Karin Orth: Expulsion from the science system. Commemorative book for the committee members of the DFG expelled under National Socialism, Stuttgart: Steiner 2018 (Contributions to the History of the German Research Foundation; 7), pp. 229–237. ISBN 978-3-515-11953-5

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hermann Genzken: The Abitur graduates of the Katharineum zu Lübeck (grammar school and secondary school) from Easter 1807 to 1907. Borchers, Lübeck 1907. (Supplement to the school program 1907) Digitized version , no. 1049
  2. ↑ http://publicus.culture.hu-berlin.de/sammlungen
  3. ↑ Hans Schaefer: Memory of Hermann Ranke. In: Ruperto-Carola. No. 5, 1953, p. 95.
  4. ↑ Looking around. Weekly on Advances in Science and Technology 19 (1915), p. 78
  5. ↑ Lübeck city archives in terms of Senate files: Directory of the owner of the Lübeckischen Hanseatic Cross. Signature 1093.
  6. ^ Members of the HAdW since it was founded in 1909. Hermann Ranke. Heidelberg Academy of Sciences, accessed June 15, 2016 .
personal data
SURNAME Ranke, Hermann
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Egyptologist and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH August 5, 1878
PLACE OF BIRTH Balgheim (Möttingen)
DATE OF DEATH April 22, 1953
Place of death Freiburg in Breisgau