Hindenburgvilla

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The Hindenburgvilla in its current state

The Hindenburgvilla is a former upper-class villa in Hanover , Bristol Straße 6 , in the Zoo district . It bears its name after the most famous former resident, Paul von Hindenburg . Despite significant changes, the building is a listed building .

description

Section of the street facade

The original villa was built in 1908 by the architect Emil Lorenz in the style of reform architecture with two full floors under a large hipped roof . The building was rebuilt several times, in particular a third floor with a new, flat sloping roof was added. Probably in the 1970s, the attic was given black slate cladding . There is a bust of Hindenburg in the garden of the villa .

history

Parade of patriotic associations in front of Hindenburg's villa in April 1925
The Hindenburg villa on the day Hindenburg was appointed Reich President
The memorial plaque from 1936
Hanover town board no.87

Paul von Hindenburg had already lived in Hanover as a young officer from 1866 to 1873 and began his retirement in the Villa Köhler from 1911 to the beginning of the First World War in 1914 . From 1914, however, it was reactivated. In August 1915, the city of Hanover granted the then General Field Marshal an honorary citizen on the anniversary of the victory at Tannenberg that was attributed to him . In September 1918, she acquired the house, later known as the Hindenburgvilla, along with the property for 350,000 Reichsmarks and gave it to the Hindenburgs as a gift for Hindenburg's 71st birthday on October 2, 1918 for lifelong usufruct . At that time the address was still Seelhorststraße 32 , the corresponding section of the Seelhorststraße is only in 1950 on the occasion of the twinning between Hanover and Bristol in Bristol Street has been renamed. The excellent relationships between the city ​​director of Hanover, Heinrich Tramm , and Hindenburg played a role in the city's generosity. After the revolution of 1918, Hindenburg's wife Gertrud was initially unsure whether she should accept the gift and inquired about this with the new Social Democratic Lord Mayor Robert Leinert , who, however, maintained the donation and announced that the villa would be after some renovations in May 1919 will be ready to move into.

That was in time for the return of Hindenburg after the dissolution of the Supreme Army Command on July 3, 1919. Hindenburg now spent his retirement here until 1925. The painter Bernhard Winter visited Hindenburg at the end of 1921, presumably to do portrait studies, and described the interior of the villa at that time a letter to Theodor Goerlitz . Trophies from the enthusiastic hunter Hindenburg are said to have dominated the corridors, including one of the last bison living in the wild , which Hindenburg shot himself in January 1916. Numerous paintings hung on the walls, such as a Hindenburg portrait by Walter Petersen and a Moltke portrait by Franz von Lenbach , both gifts from the city of Hanover.

While he lived in the villa, Hindenburg did not hold any government or military office; he lived there as a private citizen, initially with his wife until her death in 1921, and later with his son Oskar von Hindenburg and his family at times . Nevertheless, the house was widely known as the Hindenburgvilla and is also called that on numerous postcards . As a general and figure of integration, Hindenburg enjoyed enormous veneration, especially among the political right, which was expressed, among other things, in marches and rallies in Seelhorststrasse. When he moved in on July 3, 1919, he was greeted by a crowd of thousands. On the fifth anniversary of the Battle of Tannenberg, August 29, 1919, schoolchildren moved to the Villa Hindenburg and paid homage to their idol with a "fiery speech" of national color, which Hindenburg gladly accepted and answered with a speech of his own ("The spirit of those great days may we don't get lost in this slippery, wrong time ”). Theodor Lessing describes such a march past of school classes in an article that has become famous, which brought Lessing severe anti-Semitic attacks by the right. On April 19, 1925, a week before the presidential election, supporters of Hindenburg marched past his villa for a full three hours while he was standing in front of his entrance gate and the parade was taking off. On election day, thousands again celebrated the election winner with a torchlight procession to the villa. A real Hindenburg cult developed around the villa in the 1920s.

Although Hindenburg's household moved to the Reichspräsidentischespalais in Berlin's Wilhelmstrasse in 1925 after his election as Reich President , Hindenburg kept his villa until May 1930. At that time, the East Prussian estate Neudeck , which he had been able to acquire through industrial donations, was ready for occupancy, and he gave up his Hanoverian residence and had the interior furnishings brought to East Prussia.

Plans to create a Hindenburg Museum in the former Hindenburgvilla came to nothing in 1936 because the NSDAP feared that it could become a “place of pilgrimage” for German nationals . The party welcomed maintaining tradition for Hindenburg, however, and so instead a special “Hindenburg room” was set up in the Leineschloss as part of an “ army memorial ”. However, in 1936 a plaque with the name Hindenburg and the dates 1919 and 1930 was placed above the entrance to the villa, which still exists today.

Today the building is the seat of the Fritz Behrens Foundation and a law firm.

literature

Web links

Commons : Hindenburg-Villa (Hannover)  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Wolfgang Neß: Villa district ... (see literature)
  2. ^ Barbara Schmidt-Vogt: The Zooviertel in Hanover - History of a District, Hanover 2012; P. 18
  3. ^ Maria Benning: Our famous Schnitzels. Hero worship - The Hindenburgization of Hanover is well advanced. In: Friday , February 21, 2003. Online
  4. ^ Klaus Mlynek: Hindenburg, Paul von Beneckendorff and von. In: Böttcher / Mlynek / Röhrbein / Thielen: Hannoversches biographical lexicon. From the beginning to the present , Schlütersche, Hannover 2002, p. 169.
  5. ↑ Detlef HO Kopmann: Wedekindstrasse - From the villa district to the thoroughfare. In: Oststadt Journal. Edition February 2007; online ( Memento from September 1, 2012 in the Internet Archive ), ed. by Eckhard von Knorre, Achim Sohns, Uwe Brennenstuhl (District Information System Hannover-Oststadt), last accessed on February 25, 2013
  6. ^ Enno Meyer: Twelve events in German history between the Harz Mountains and the North Sea. 1900 to 1931 . Lower Saxony State Center for Political Education, Hanover 1979, p. 88.
  7. ↑ Nora Lysk: Zoo district. Big animals and powerful people. In: [[Neue Presse (Hanover) |]] of September 7, 2009. ( online , accessed December 14, 2013)
  8. ↑ Gerd R. Ueberschär , Winfried Vogel : Serving and earning. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2000, ISBN 3-596-14966-5 , p. 57.
  9. ↑ To the address at that time: Wolfram Pyta : Hindenburg . Siedler, Munich 2007, p. 441; on renaming: Julia Großpietsch: The changing geographies of international municipal relations in Europe - A study of British-German town twinning partnerships , Loghborough 2010 (Diss.), p. 269.
  10. ^ Enno Meyer: Twelve events in German history between the Harz Mountains and the North Sea. 1900 to 1931. Lower Saxony State Center for Political Education, Hanover 1979, p. 88.
  11. ↑ Wolfram Pyta: Hindenburg , Siedler, Munich 2007, pp. 453f. and 602; Winters' letter is dated November 1921.
  12. ↑ Wolfram Pyta: Hindenburg , Siedler, Munich 2007, pp. 441f., Citations: p. 442.
  13. ^ In: Prager Tagblatt , February 25, 1925, p. 3; see s: Hindenburg (Theodor Lessing) .
  14. ↑ Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein (ed.): History of the city of Hanover. Volume 2: From the beginning of the 19th century to the present . Schlütersche Verlagsanstalt, Hanover 1994, p. 440f.
  15. ↑ Sabine Guckel / Volker Seitz: “Pleasurable Fatherland duty.” Hindenburg cult at the zoo. In: Geschichtswerkstatt Hannover (Hrsg.): Everyday life between Hindenburg and Haarmann. Another city guide through Hanover in the 20s , VSA, Hamburg 1987, pp. 12-17.
  16. ↑ Wolfram Pyta: Hindenburg , Siedler, Munich 2007, p. 602.
  17. ↑ Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein (ed.): History of the city of Hanover. Volume 2: From the beginning of the 19th century to the present . Schlütersche Verlagsanstalt, Hanover 1994, p. 527.
  18. ^ Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein: Hanover Chronicle. From the beginning to the present: numbers, data, facts . Schlütersche Verlagsanstalt, Hanover 1991, p. 178.

Coordinates: 52 ° 22 ′ 46.7 "  N , 9 ° 45 ′ 56.4"  E