Hohenseelbachskopf
| Hohenseelbachskopf | ||
|---|---|---|
| height | 517.5 m above sea level NHN | |
| location | between Daaden and Neunkirchen ; Altenkirchen district and Siegen-Wittgenstein district ; Rhineland-Palatinate and North Rhine-Westphalia ( Germany ) | |
| Mountains | Southern Hellerbergland , Siegerland or Westerwald | |
| Coordinates | 50 ° 45 ′ 33 " N , 7 ° 59 ′ 12" E | |
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| Type | extinct volcano | |
| rock | basalt | |
| Age of the rock | approx. 7 million years / Miocene | |
The Hohenseelbachskopf is 517.5 m above sea level. NHN high mountain and lava dome in the southern Hellerbergland ( Siegerland ). It lies between Daaden in the district of Altenkirchen in Rhineland-Palatinate (RP) and Neunkirchen in the district of Siegen-Wittgenstein in North Rhine-Westphalia (NW) and is the highest mountain in the area of the municipality of Neunkirchen.
geography
location
The Hohenseelbachskopf is located in the border area of the municipalities of Daaden (RP) in the southwest and Neunkirchen (NW) in the north and the city of Herdorf (RP) in the northwest; its (today's) summit belongs to Daaden. The Heller flows past to the north and the Sotterbach and (beyond) Daade tributaries to the west . The forest restaurant Hohenseelbachskopf (NW; 495.1 m ) is about 220 m north of the mountain summit and Mahlscheid is 1 km northwest on the state border .
Natural allocation
The Hohenseelbachskopf belongs in the natural spatial main unit group Süderbergland ( Bergisch-Sauerland Mountains ; No. 33), in the main unit Siegerland (331) and in the subunit Hellerbergland (331.3) to the natural area Südliches Hellerbergland (331.32). Its landscape falls to the north-northeast into the natural area of Mittleres Hellertal (331.31); it leads north-west over the Mahlscheid into the natural area Nördliches Hellerbergland (331.30).
Geology and history
The Hohenseelbachskopf once had a large basalt dome that was created here around 7 million years ago through volcanic activity. This basalt dome towered over the mountain by 20 to 30 m. It was about 60 m wide and over 150 m long. Formed by viscous magma, which was pushed upwards in blocks, the molten basalt formed 30 to 40 m high columns with a hexagonal (six-) or octagonal (octagonal) crystal structure. Remnants of these columns still surround a deep crater today. However, this was not created by eruptive volcanism, but by basalt mining. A high block of countless basalt columns has remained on the northeastern floor of the crater. The basalt mining for road, mine and hydraulic engineering led to the removal of the dome between 1900 and 1925, which also erased the traces of the Celtic ramparts and the last remains of the medieval castle of the Knights of Seelbach.
The Hohenseelbachskopf, the Mahlscheid and the Druidenstein , only about 5 km away, were probably important Celtic settlement and / or cult sites.
During the Celtic settlement of the Siegerland - between 500 and 300 BC and the year zero - a Celtic ring wall and an urn burial site were built on the mountain. The noble family of Seelbach, first mentioned in 1288, built a castle on the basalt knoll of the Hohenseelbachskopf in 1350, which was destroyed two years later by the Archbishop of Trier because its owners were allegedly robber barons . Before the basalt was extracted, local history researchers recovered the remains of (Celtic) urn graves and medieval utensils. One could also map sketches of the (Celtic) ring wall and the castle ground plan.
Protected areas
The Mahlscheid nature reserve ( CDDA no. 164544; designated in 1990; 1.0769 km² in size) extends to the high elevations of the Hohenseelbachskopf near the summit on the North Rhine-Westphalian side . On the Rhineland-Palatinate side there are parts of the fauna-flora-habitat area forests on the Hohenseelbachkopf (FFH no. 5213-301; 10.25 km²). In addition, there are parts of the bird protection areas (VSG) forests and meadows near Burbach and Neunkirchen (VSG no. 5214-401; 46.5456 km²) on the North Rhine-Westphalian area and the Westerwald (VSG no. 5312-401; 289, 48 km²) on the Rhineland-Palatinate side.
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Map service of the landscape information system of the Rhineland-Palatinate Nature Conservation Administration (LANIS map) ( notes )
- ↑ Heinz Fischer: Geographical Land Survey: The natural spatial units on sheet 124 Siegen. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1972. → Online map (PDF; 4.1 MB)
- ↑ Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
literature
- Josef Hoffmann: Hohenseelbach. Landmark of home in 2500 years of history and today. Self published by Jos. Hoffmann, Herdorf (Sieg) 1954.
Web links
- Photos from the Hohenseelbachskopf ( Memento from December 9, 2010 in the Internet Archive )