Holter Castle

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Holter Castle
Reconstructed walls on the original foundations of the castle

Reconstructed walls on the original foundations of the castle

Creation time : in the 10th to 11th centuries
Castle type : Hilltop castle
Conservation status: Wall remains, ramparts
Standing position : Gentry
Place: Bissendorf
Geographical location 52 ° 12 '52.6 "  N , 8 ° 11' 12.3"  E Coordinates: 52 ° 12 '52.6 "  N , 8 ° 11' 12.3"  E
Height: 184  m above sea level NN

The Holter Castle is the oldest castle in the village Bissendorf at Osnabrück in Lower Saxony . It is a ruin of a hilltop castle . Besides the Iburg and the Wittekindsburg near Rulle, it was the third hilltop castle in the Osnabrück region .

history

The Holter Castle was the ancestral seat of the noblemen of Holte. Its most important representatives were Wigbold von Holte as Archbishop of Cologne and Arch Chancellor of the Reich, the Essen princess Beatrix von Holte and the Münster bishops Burchard von Holte , Wilhelm I. von Holte and Ludolf von Holte . The castle was probably destroyed at the end of the 13th century. A layer of fire from around 1165 was found, but it is assumed that the castle complex was renewed and used again. As New Holter castle was Castle Ledenburg built Nemden in Bissendorfer district.

At the end of the 15th century, the castle passed to the Leden family from Osnabrück, who also lived in Ledenburg Castle. About twenty years later the castle was abandoned and used to mine stones. In the 17th century, among other things, building material for Gesmold Castle was mined here. During excavations one could find jewelry, household appliances and coins left behind, which illustrate the higher social status of the residents. Archaeologists now assume that the castle was not forcibly destroyed. Even if such claims keep coming up.

Building description

The facility, initially built as a tower castle , was located on a plateau with a diameter of around 50 meters in the spur position . It was protected by a section trench that is around 20 meters wide and up to 10 meters deep. An approximately 2 meter thick curtain wall protected the castle. In the east, the difference in height between the top of the wall and the bottom of the trench was around 16 meters. There was no ditch in the west because of the steep slope. The mighty round tower and the curtain wall belonged to the first stage of the castle, which is believed to have been around 1100 . Later came chapel and a Palas added.

Today you can still see the remains of the wall, as well as the layout of a round tower. The deep moats can also be made out, which probably date from around 1200 AD. Within the double trench system, the facility had an area of ​​around 5,000 square meters. In 1997 and 2006 archaeological excavations and securing took place in order to preserve the castle ruins and to make them attractive for tourists.

  • Wall and ditch system

  • Remains of the keep and masonry walls

  • Reconstructed floor plan of the chapel and chamber gate

  • Old wall remains and a moat wall system

literature

  • Bodo Zehm , Jan-Eggerik Delbanco, Andreas Lechtape : Holte and the Holter Castle . Great art guides / palaces and castles Volume 266. Schnell und Steiner publishing house, Regensburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-7954-2381-0
  • Hans-Günter Peters : Archaeological monuments and finds in the district of Osnabrück , Verlag August Lax, Hildesheim 1973
  • Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum Mainz (ed.) : Guide to prehistoric and early historical monuments - Das Osnabrücker Land III , Vol. 44, Verlag Philipp von Zabern, Mainz 1979, ISBN 3-8053-0313-0
  • Edgar F. Warnecke: The big book of castles and palaces in the land of Hase and Ems. 2nd ext. Edition, Wenner Verlag, Osnabrück 1985, ISBN 3-87898-297-6
  • Wolfgang Schlüter : castles and fortifications. Writings on the archeology of the Osnabrück region, Volume II. Bramsche 2000, ISBN 3-934005-97-7
  • Ernst Andreas Friedrich : The ruins of the castle Holte , pp. 105-107, in: If stones could talk , Volume III, Landbuch-Verlag, Hanover 1995, ISBN 3-7842-0515-1 .
  • Wolfgang Schlueter : The Holte Castle in Holte-Sünsbeck, Bissendorf community, district of Osnabrück In: Mamoun Fansa , Frank Both, Henning Haßmann (ed.): Archeology | Land | Lower Saxony. 400,000 years of history. Landesmuseum für Natur und Mensch, Oldenburg 2004, pp. 574–577.
  • Jan-Eggerik Delbanco: Awakened from Sleeping Beauty in: Archeology in Lower Saxony , pp. 71–75, 2013
  • German Federal Environment Foundation (Hrsg.): Archeology and forestry in harmony. Monument protection and presentation of castles in forest areas. ( Online , pdf)
  • Fritz-Gerd Mittelstädt, Karsten Mosebach: Holter Castle . In: Palaces and castles in the Osnabrück region . Pp. 90-91.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum Mainz (Ed.): Guide to prehistoric and early historical monuments - Das Osnabrücker Land III , Vol. 44, Verlag Philipp von Zabern, Mainz 1979, p. 122ff
  2. ↑ a b Fritz-Gerd Mittelstädt, Karsten Mosebach: Holter Burg . In: Palaces and castles in the Osnabrück region . S. 90-91 .