830
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 Horch 830 BL (1936)
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| 830/930 | |
| Production period: | 1933-1940 |
| Class : | Upper class |
| Body versions : | Touring car , roadster , limousine , Pullman limousine , convertible , landaulet |
| Engines: |
Petrol engines : 3.0-3.8 liters (51-67.6 kW) |
| Length: | 4750-5050 mm |
| Width: | 1680-1790 mm |
| Height: | 1600-1650 mm |
| Wheelbase : | 3100-3350 mm |
| Empty weight : | 1650-2100 kg |
| Previous model | Listen 8 |
The Horch 830 is a car of the luxury class with eight-cylinder - V-engine and rear-wheel drive , which the for Auto Union owned brand Horch at the 23rd International Automobile and Motorcycle Exhibition (IAMA) in February 1933 Berlin as the successor of type 430 ( Horch 8 ). The first vehicles were delivered in autumn 1933.
Until the war-related shutdown in the spring of 1940, a total of 11,625 civilian cars Horch 830/930 had been built in the Zwickau Horch factory . In addition, between 1934 and 1937 the Reichswehr and Wehrmacht received 4,536 Horch 830 R Kübelwagen , which - unlike the civilian types - had rigid axles at the front and rear for use in off-road terrain .
history
New V8 engine
Based on the side-controlled twelve - cylinder V-engine of the Horch 670/600 with horizontal ("lying") valves operated by rocker arms , Horch chief designer Fritz Fiedler began developing an eight-cylinder V-engine. After Fiedler switched to BMW ( Eisenach branch ) in the summer of 1932, Werner K. Strobel brought the new V8 engine to series production. Compared to the previously used eight-cylinder in- line engines with vertical shaft ( OHC valve control ) and ten crankshaft bearings , the V8 with its triple-bearing crankshaft was cheaper to manufacture and also had a shorter overall length.
Like the Horch V12, the V8 engine has a bank angle of 66 degrees. The camshaft , which is located centrally between the two cylinder banks , is driven by a triple roller chain . The valves, which are also "lying", do not have the complex hydraulic valve lifters of the twelve-cylinder. A special technical feature of the Horch V engines was the kinked interface between the cylinder bank and cylinder head , which required specially shaped head gaskets . Because the intake and exhaust manifolds were routed on top of the engine, it was only narrowly wide. The first version with 3 liters of displacement had 70 horsepower and five more than the 3-liter in-line eight-cylinder 430 of its predecessor Horch for the mixture formation caused a double - downdraft carburetors of Solex .
The last two versions with 3.5 and 3.8 liters displacement and two Solex flat- flow carburetors were also used in the medium ( Horch / Wanderer 901 ) and heavy (Horch 108 on "unit chassis II") unit cars of the Wehrmacht - all with Front engine and all-wheel drive - as well as the Sd.Kfz armored car. 221 and Sd.Kfz. 222 (Horch 801 “standard chassis I” with rear engine and all-wheel drive).
The Horch 830 was the second German production car with a V8 engine. The Nationale Automobil-Gesellschaft (NAG) presented the NAG V8 (type 218/219) with 4.5 liter engines at the 22nd International Motor Show in Berlin in February 1931 . In times of the Great Depression, however , the 100 hp vehicles were not a success - only 50 cars were built by 1934.
Others
The rear wheels were driven via a four-speed gearbox ( ZF - "Aphon" with helical gears; second to fourth gear were synchronized ) . The gear lever was mounted on the center tunnel. The chassis with rigid axles at the front and rear largely corresponded to the previous model Horch 430, but the ladder frame was no longer made of open U-profiles, but more rigid box profiles. The Horch 830 had 4 cm more wheelbase (3.2 meters), but weighed only 1650 kg and was thus 200 kg lighter than the Horch 430. Of this, 80 kg was accounted for by the compact new V8 engine and the rest by the body. The drum brakes were still operated mechanically by cables. A 4-door sedan and a 2-door cabriolet were offered in a classic form and in a more modern design with a streamlined rear end. Their front axles were supported on semi-elliptical springs; the rear axles had Underslung half- springs. With the same chassis of 3.2-meter wheelbase of the 6-seater was touring car and Pullman sedan offered that front already a modern double wishbone - independent suspension had (upper wishbones with lower transverse leaf spring).
Facelift
As early as 1934, the improved Horch 830 B with a larger 3.25 liter engine with an unchanged output of 70 hp, hydraulically actuated drum brakes ("oil pressure brake") and the front independent suspension on double wishbones appeared in the four-door sedan and the two-door convertible. The versions with streamlined rear were omitted.
In the following year, the engine was enlarged again to 3.5 liters and the now 75 hp model was called Horch 830 Bk (k = short) to distinguish it from the Horch 830 BL (L = long) with a 15 cm longer wheelbase (3.35 m) and a rear "double joint axle" ( De Dion axle ) instead of the rigid axle. This chassis was used for the Pullman sedan, the Pullman cabriolet and the 4-door convertible.
The 3.5-liter engine was carburetted with two flat- streams in 1937 and the increased compression ratio of 6.3: 1 (previously 6.0: 1) to an output of 82 hp. The Horch 930 V (V = shortened) with 10 cm less wheelbase (3.1 m) and a rear double articulated axle replaced the Horch 830 Bk. In addition to the sedan and convertible, there was also a four-door roadster convertible ( Phaeton ). The models with a long (3.35 m) wheelbase were still called the 830 BL and were available as a Pullman sedan, four-door (Pullman) convertible and a six-seater touring car.
In 1938, both Horch V8 models 830 BL and 930 V received a larger 3.8-liter engine with 92 hp, a “fully synchronized” ZF four-speed gearbox (also 1st gear) and, as standard, a motorway "long-distance gear " ( overdrive ), which was activated with an additional gear lever.
In 1940 the model 930 L was supposed to replace the 830 BL, a “ streamlined vehicle ” 930 S was supposed to replace the 930 V. But that did not happen after the outbreak of the Second World War . In 1948 four copies of the Horch 930S were built in small series in Zwickau - but there was no larger series production.
An automobile became known as the “ Bruhn-Horch ” or the “first and last Horch from Ingolstadt ” that was handcrafted on the chassis of a Pullman limousine from 1953 as a unique specimen for Richard Bruhn , the first managing director of Auto Union GmbH in Ingolstadt Type 830 BL was built. Its exterior corresponded to the contemporary taste of the 1950s, a gently suggested pontoon shape with flowing lines. Few body parts were still manufactured in the traditional composite construction method, in which wood was covered with sheet steel.
The 2.1 t vehicle has a partition between the chauffeur and the passenger compartment as well as reading lights in the rear. With the 92 hp V8 engine, it reached a cruising speed of 120 km / h and a top speed of 125 km / h. The consumption was 19–20 liters per 100 km. The tank held 75 liters.
Prominent use
After the Second World War, General Charles de Gaulle drove a Horch 830 BL Cabriolet on many official occasions for ten years until the beginning of his presidency in 1959. The car came from the fleet of General Dietrich von Choltitz , the last city commandant of Paris occupied by the German Wehrmacht. This Horch is exhibited in the Military History Museum in Dresden.
Technical data of types 830 (up to 1936)
| Type | 830 | 830 B | 830 BL (1935/36) | 830 Bk |
| Construction period | 1933-1934 | 1935 | 1935-1936 | 1936 |
| Superstructures | T6, PL4, L4, L4S, Cb2, Cb2S | L4, Cb2 | PL4, PC4, Cb4 | L4, Cb2 |
| engine | 8 cyl. V 4 stroke | 8 cyl. V 4 stroke | 8 cyl. V 4 stroke | 8 cyl. V 4 stroke |
| Valves | standing (sv) | standing (sv) | standing (sv) | standing (sv) |
| Bore × stroke | 75 mm × 85 mm | 78 mm × 85 mm | 78 mm × 92 mm | 78 mm × 92 mm |
| Displacement | 3004 cc | 3250 cc | 3517 cc | 3517 cc |
| Horsepower) | 70 | 70 | 75 | 75 |
| Power kW) | 51 | 51 | 55 | 55 |
| consumption | 17 - 18 l / 100 km | 17 l / 100 km | 18 l / 100 km | 17 l / 100 km |
| Top speed | 110 - 115 km / h | 115 km / h | 115 km / h | 120 km / h |
| Empty weight | 1650-1730 kg | 1650 kg | 1950 kg | 1840 kg |
| Perm. total weight | 2200-2280 kg | 2200 kg | 2500 kg | 2390 kg |
| Electrics | 12 volts | 12 volts | 12 volts | 12 volts |
| length | 4750 mm | 4750 mm | 5050 mm | 4750 mm |
| width | 1780 mm | 1780 mm | 1780 mm | 1680 mm |
| height | 1600 - 1650 mm | 1600 mm | 1650 mm | 1600 mm |
| wheelbase | 3200 mm | 3200 mm | 3350 mm | 3200 mm |
| Front / rear track | 1440 mm / 1470 mm | 1440 mm / 1470 mm | 1440 mm / 1500 mm | 1440 mm / 1470 mm |
| Turning circle | 12 m | 12 m | 13.5 m | 12 m |
Technical data of types 830 BL and 930 V (1937–40)
| Type | 930 V (1937/38) | 830 BL (1937/38) | 930 V (1938-40) | 830 BL (1938-40) |
| Construction period | 1937-1938 | 1937-1938 | 1938-1940 | 1938-1940 |
| Superstructures | L4, Cb2, R2 | T6, PL4, PC4, Cb4 | L4, Cb2, R2 | T6, PL4, PC4, Cb4 |
| engine | 8 cyl. V 4 stroke | 8 cyl. V 4 stroke | 8 cyl. V 4 stroke | 8 cyl. V 4 stroke |
| Valves | standing (sv) | standing (sv) | standing (sv) | standing (sv) |
| Bore × stroke | 78 mm × 92 mm | 78 mm × 92 mm | 78 mm × 100 mm | 78 mm × 100 mm |
| Displacement | 3517 cc | 3517 cc | 3823 cc | 3823 cc |
| Horsepower) | 82 | 82 | 92 | 92 |
| Power kW) | 60.3 | 60.3 | 67.6 | 67.6 |
| consumption | 19 l / 100 km | 20 l / 100 km | 19 l / 100 km | 20 l / 100 km |
| Top speed | 125 km / h | 120 km / h | 130 km / h | 125 km / h |
| Empty weight | 1900 kg | 2030 kg | 1960 kg | 2100 kg |
| Perm. total weight | 2350 kg | 2530 kg | 2410 kg | 2600 kg |
| Electrics | 12 volts | 12 volts | 12 volts | 12 volts |
| length | 4920 mm | 5050 mm | 4920 mm | 5050 mm |
| width | 1790 mm | 1780 mm | 1790 mm | 1780 mm |
| height | 1625 mm | 1650 mm | 1625 mm | 1650 mm |
| wheelbase | 3100 mm | 3350 mm | 3100 mm | 3350 mm |
| Front / rear track | 1440 mm / 1470 mm | 1440 mm / 1500 mm | 1440 mm / 1470 mm | 1440 mm / 1500 mm |
| Turning circle | 11.5 m | 13.5 m | 11.5 m | 13.5 m |
- T6 = 6-seater touring car
- L4 = 4-door sedan
- L4S = 4-door sedan with streamlined rear end
- PL4 = 4-door Pullman - Limousine
- PC4 = 4-door Pullman - Cabriolet
- Cb2 = 2-door convertible
- Cb2S = 2-door convertible with streamlined rear end
- Cb4 = 4-door convertible
- R2 = 2-door roadster
literature
- Peter Kirchberg, Jürgen Pönisch: Horch. Types - technology - models . 1st edition. Delius Klasing, Bielefeld 2006, ISBN 3-7688-1775-X .
- Werner Oswald: All Horch automobiles 1900–1945 . 1st edition. Motorbuch Verlag , Stuttgart 1979, ISBN 3-87943-622-3 .
- Peter Kirchberg: Saxon landed nobility. The small V8 models Horch 830 and 930 , In: Oldtimer-Markt , No. 2/96, VF Verlagsgesellschaft, Mainz 1996, pp. 212-218.
- Werner Oswald: German Cars 1920–1945. All German passenger cars of the time . 10th edition. Motorbuch Verlag, Stuttgart 1996, ISBN 3-87943-519-7 .
- Communication Audi Tradition: Where JFK meets the Queen and Khrushchev , press release from Peter Kober on the special exhibition “Power and Splendor” from March 4, 2008
Web links
- V for revered purchase advice Horch 930V Cabriolet, In: Auto Bild Klassik from October 15, 2012
Individual evidence
- ↑ Kirchberg, Pönisch: Horch , Delius Klasing 2006, p. 187
- ↑ Motorvision: The cars of the mighty , article about the opening of the special exhibition "Power and Splendor - State Cars " in the "Audi museum mobile" in Ingolstadt from March 2008 [1] ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
