Huanuni
| Huanuni | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Basic data | |||
| Residents (state) | 20,336 pop. (2012 census) | ||
| rank | Rank 32 | ||
| height | 3957 m | ||
| Post Code | 04-0701-0100-1001 | ||
| Telephone code | (+591) | ||
| Coordinates | 18 ° 17 ′ S , 66 ° 50 ′ W | ||
|
|||
| politics | |||
| Department | Oruro | ||
| province | Pantaleón Dalence Province | ||
| climate | |||
 Climate diagram Huanuni |
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Huanuni is a medium- sized town in the Oruro department in the South American Andean state of Bolivia .
Location in the vicinity
The city of Huanuni is the administrative seat of the province of Pantaleón Dalence and the central place of the district ( Bolivian : Municipio ) Huanuni and is located at an altitude of 3957 m on the Río Huanuni .
geography
Huanuni is located on the Bolivian Altiplano on the western edge of the Cordillera Azanaques , a section of the Cordillera Central . The region has a distinctive time-of-day climate, the average temperature fluctuation over the course of the day is more pronounced than over the course of the seasons.
The annual average temperature of the region is just under 9 ° C, the monthly values fluctuate between 4 ° C in June / July and 11 ° C from November to March (see climate diagram Huanuni). The annual precipitation is only 350 mm, from April to October there is a pronounced dry season with monthly values of less than 10 mm, only from December to March there is significant monthly precipitation between 55 and 85 mm.
Transport network
Huanuni is 49 kilometers by road southeast of Oruro , the capital of the department of the same name.
From Oruro, the paved road Ruta 1 leads south for 30 kilometers to Machacamarca . There the also asphalted Ruta 6 branches off in a south-easterly direction and after another 22 kilometers reaches Huanuni. The Ruta 6 continues as a dirt road via Llallagua and Uncia to Sucre .
economy
Since May 28, 2004, Huanuni has been the tin capital of Bolivia . Here on and around Mount Posokoni is the largest tin mine in South America, in which 5 percent of the tin mined worldwide is mined, 400–500 tons per month . An eight-hour day was enforced for the mines of Huanuni as early as 1919 , and a miners' foundation was established in 1944 .
After the collapse of the international tin market in the 1980s , the state-owned mining company COMIBOL (Corporación Minera de Bolivia) was forced to close numerous mines across the country and lay off 30,000 miners, including in Huanuni. While many of the mineros continued to work on their own or in small cooperatives , the Bolivian government later awarded the mining rights in Huanuni to the British company Allied Deals (later: RBG Resources ), which went bankrupt in 2005. After that, the mine fell back to the Bolivian state due to the current legislation.
In the two decades before 2005, however, the Minero cooperatives had bought into the shares of the British owners, possibly in order to privately take over the Huanuni mine for the equivalent of one and a half million US dollars. The current Bolivian government, however, considers these blocks of shares illegal, since the privatization of the mine under the dictator Hugo Banzer and his elected successor Jorge Quiroga was not constitutional. In October 2006 the conflict between the small stockholders and the state-employed miners erupted in an armed conflict that resulted in more than ten deaths. As a result of the dispute, the head of state Evo Morales dismissed the mining minister of his government, Walter Villaroel, as well as the head of the state mining company Comibol.
population
The population of the town of Huanuni has increased after a decline in the 1970s and 1980s in the past two decades back to the old value:
| year | Residents | source |
|---|---|---|
| 1976 | 17 292 | census |
| 1992 | 14 083 | census |
| 2001 | 15 106 | census |
| 2012 | 20 336 | census |
The region is characterized by a high proportion of indigenous population, in the province of Pantaleón Dalence 69.8 percent of the population speak Quechua .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Thomas Brinkhoff: City Population
- ↑ INE - Instituto Nacional de Estadística Bolivia 1992 ( Memento of the original from April 23, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ INE - Instituto Nacional de Estadística Bolivia 2001 ( Memento of the original from March 3, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ INE - Instituto Nacional de Estadística Bolivia 2012 ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ INE social data ( Memento of the original from September 25, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 12.2 MB)
Web links
- Relief map of the Uncia region 1: 250,000 (JPG; 8.3 MB)
- Municipio Huanuni - General Maps No. 40701
- Municipio Huanuni - detailed map and population data (PDF; 379 kB) ( Spanish )
- Departamento Oruro - Social data of the municipalities (PDF; 5.86 MB) ( Spanish )
