Iitate (Fukushima)

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Iitate-mura
飯舘 村
Iitate (Fukushima) (Japan)
Red pog.svg
Geographical location in Japan
Region : Tōhoku
Prefecture : Fukushima
Coordinates : 37 ° 41 ′  N , 140 ° 44 ′  E Coordinates: 37 ° 40 ′ 43 "  N , 140 ° 44 ′ 6"  E
Basic data
Surface: 230.13 km²
Residents : 1452
(April 1, 2020)
Population density : 6 inhabitants per km²
Community key : 07564-7
Symbols
Flag / coat of arms:
Flag / coat of arms of Iitate
Tree : Japanese red pine
Flower : Lilium auratum
Bird : Japanese Bush Warbler
town hall
Address : Iitate Village Hall
580 - 1 , Aza Itamizawa, Itamizawa
Iitate -mura, Sōma-gun
Fukushima  960-1892
Website URL: www.vill.iitate.fukushima.jp
Location Iitates in Fukushima Prefecture
Location iitates in the prefecture

Iitate ( Japanese 飯舘 村 , - mura ) is a village community in Sōma County in Fukushima Prefecture in Japan . The place has been uninhabited since the Fukushima nuclear disaster . Resettlement is planned from March 2017.

geography

Iitate is in the Abukuma highlands ( 阿 武 隈 高地 , Abukuma-kōchi ). The largest elevation is the Hanazuka-yama ( 花 塚 山 ) on the western border with Kawamata with 918.5 m .

The largest lake is the Hayama-ko ( は や ま 湖 ), which was created in 1991 - 34 years after the project planning - as a reservoir for the Mono-Dam ( 真 野 ダ ム , Mono-damu ). The tributary is the Mono-gawa ( 真 野 川 ). In the south is the Nitta-gawa river system ( 新 田 川 ), which is located on its tributary Iitoi-gawa ( 飯 樋 川 ) on Iwabe Dam ( 岩 部 ダ ム , Iwabe-damu ) and on Notegami-gawa on Notegami Dam ( 野 手上 川 , Notegami-damu ) - also called Fugane Dam ( 風 兼 ダ ム , Fugane-damu ) - is dammed into two much smaller lakes.

At the time of the evacuation, the community consisted of 20 districts, all of which date back to premodern villages with the exception of Nagadoro ( 長 泥 ) and Warabidaira ( 蕨 平 ) (see history section).

Neighboring communities are Sōma in the northeast, Minamisōma in the east, Namie in the south, Kawamata in the southwest and west and Date in the northwest.

history

The municipality of Iitate was created on September 30, 1956 from the union of the two villages Iiso ( 飯 曽 村 ) and Ōtate ( 大 舘 村 ), from which the name was derived, just as it happened in the past with these two villages: Iiso was created on April 1, 1889 from Iitoi ( 飯 樋 村 ) and Hiso ( 比 曽 村 ), and Ōtate on April 1, 1967 from Ōsu ( 大 須 村 ) and Niitate ( 新 舘 村 ).

Ōsu, in turn, was formed on April 1, 1889 from Ōkura ( 大 倉 村 , dt. "Large camp") and Sasu ( 佐 須 村 , dt. "Necessary help"), as well as Niitate from Kusano ( 草 野村 , dt. "Grass field") , Yagisawa ( 八 木 沢 村 , German “river with many trees / eight tree species”), Ashimata ( 芦 股 村 , German “reed fork”), Sekisawa ( 関 沢 村 , German “barrier river”), Numadaira ( 沼 平 村 , German "flat morass, morass plain"), Komiya ( 小 宮 村 , German "small shrine"), Itamizawa ( 伊丹 沢 村 ) and Fukaya ( 深谷 村 , German "deep valley").

In addition, on April 1, 1967, Ishibashi ( 石橋村 , dt. "Stone Bridge") was incorporated into Iiso, which was formed on April 1, 1889 from Usuishi ( 臼 石村 , dt. " Mortar stone "), Nimaibashi ( 二枚 橋村 , dt . "Two bridges"), Maeda ( 前 田村 , German “Vorreisfeld”), Sugaya ( 須 萱 村 , German “necessary reed”), Sekine ( 関 根 村 ) and Matsuzuka ( 松 塚 村 , German “pine grave” (hill) ) ").

These original 18 villages from the time before the national reorganization of the municipal system on April 1, 1889 have survived with their names in the districts, with the exception of Ashimata, which is now Ashihara ( 芦 原 , English "reed plain "). Ashi is homophonic with the word for “foot, leg” and the character of mata can also be “thigh; Step [area] ”.

In 2004 the community opposed the general trend towards incorporation, stepped out of the council meeting on incorporation into Minamisōma and has since pursued a course of independence.

Tōhoku earthquake and nuclear disaster 2011

The village of Iwate was not directly affected by the Tōhoku earthquake on March 11, 2011. But the tsunami triggered by the earthquake and the resulting nuclear disaster in Fukushima meant that the entire village had to be evacuated due to the contamination .

Radiation exposure and position reference of Iitate to the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant
and the long-term evacuation zones
Fukushima doses 30mars.svg
Radiation exposure from late March to early April 2011
Fukushima evac april2011.svg
As of April 22, 2011:
Orange = restricted area within a 20 km radius
Yellow = "Evacuation Prepared Area"
Pink = "Deliberate Evacuation Area"
Rearrangement of evacuation zoning.jpg
As of June 15, 2012:
In addition to the restricted area and “Deliberate Evacuation Area”, there are 3 categories:
Category 1: Area ready for the evacuation order to be lifted
Category 2 = residents are prohibited from permanent residence.
Category 3 = long-term unsuitable for return of residents


Radiation exposure in Iitate
Gamma ray dose rate maps of Fukushima Prefecture.jpg
ɣ radiation exposure (dose rate in μSv / h) in the Fukushima prefecture (left) and in the areas with the highest exposure: Futaba, Namie, Katsurao, Minamisōma, Iitate and Kawamata (right) (as of end of June 2012)
Source: MEXT : “Extension Site of Distribution Map of Radiation Dose, etc., / Digital Japan” ( http://ramap.jmc.or.jp/map/eng/ )
Changes in gamma ray dose rate at a monitoring station near the Iitate Village hall.jpg
Changes in ɣ radiation exposure (dose rate in μSv / h) at an observation station near the community center of Iitate by mid-August 2011


Damage and sacrifice

The fire and disaster control authority reported a death for Iitate as a result of the Tōhoku triple disaster of 2011 up to their 145th damage report from March 13, 2012, but then increased their figure in their 146th damage report from September 28, 2012 to 38 deaths and up to the 157th damage report from March 7, 2018 to 42 deaths.

evacuation

Iitate became known worldwide because of the consequences of the Fukushima nuclear disaster . Despite a distance of 40 kilometers to the damaged nuclear power plant, Iitate was one of the most radioactively contaminated areas. An analysis of soil samples in the Fukushima prefecture found by far the highest contamination on a farm in Iitate (see also: Hotspot in Iitate in the article Radiation exposure from the Fukushima nuclear accidents ).

The International Atomic Energy Agency and Greenpeace asked the Japanese authorities at the end of March 2011 to extend the evacuation of the area around the nuclear power plant to Iitate. On April 12, the Japanese government ordered the evacuation of Iitate and four neighboring locations. The population of Iitate was around 6100 as of 2010 (2010 census: 6.209).

The government's evacuation order after the nuclear accident due to the high radiation exposure affected the entire village of Iitate. Approximately 90% of the population has been evacuated from the village to areas within an hour's drive, while approximately 10% of the population has been evacuated to locations outside of Fuskushima Prefecture. All residents had to leave the place by the end of May 2011. The Iitate community had considered evacuating closed to a single location, but then tried to meet the needs of the villagers in terms of employment, education and avoidance of restrictions in their living space. As a result, during the evacuation, the evacuees from Iitate were dispersed to the destinations of the evacuation, with the total number of households increasing from 1,700 before the evacuation to 3,300 after the evacuation due to the division of household members into different locations. According to a survey conducted in 2012, the family members of 65% of households lived in two or more places and 23.4% of households lived in three or more places after their evacuation. Only 30% of the households were shot and evacuated, many moved to rental apartments. 42.7% of those questioned stated that they had only a few friends or acquaintances nearby and no real conversation partners. The village of Iitate, located in a rural mountainous region, offered good conditions for flourishing agriculture, cattle breeding and flower growing. Before the evacuation, community events had taken place regularly, in which women and young people in particular had taken part. After the evacuation, the onset of unemployment and the permanent departure of many people led to a loss of motivation and the disintegration of the local community. The dramatic decline in social networks is seen as a threat to the health of the villagers, especially since evacuees living in emergency shelters are exposed to a higher risk of depression due to their lower level of social networking. The media reported in April 2011 that the oldest resident of Iitate, aged 102, had committed suicide as a result of being forced to evacuate .

As a countermeasure to the nuclear disaster, a restricted area was designated around the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant within a radius of 20 km. However, there were also many other locations with high radiation values ​​beyond this 20 km radius, as radioactive particles were carried away from the damaged power plant by the wind. These places included Iitate and 10 other villages and cities, including Minamisōma , Naraha , Tomioka , Kawauchi , Ōkuma , Futaba , Namie , Katsurao , Tamura and Kawamata . According to the evacuation orders of May 7, 2013, these regions were divided into four different categories according to their radioactive exposure: Areas with a radiation exposure of less than 20 mSv per year, which were treated by the government as a threshold value for permanent return Category 1. Areas of this Category 1 could be entered at their own discretion and without the use of protective equipment with the only restriction that they were not allowed to stay overnight there. These areas were ready for the evacuation order to be lifted. In areas with a radiation exposure between 20 and 50 mSv per year (category 2), residents were prohibited from permanent residence. Areas with over 50 mSv per year (category 3) were seen as unsuitable for a return of residents in the long term. A fourth evacuation area had a special status.

In December 2012, the Iitate Village Office agreed with the Fukushima City Council to develop a "Temporary City" in Fukushima City. As of 2014, more than half of the villagers (around 3,800 people) and the Iitate village office had moved to Fukushima city. Social housing, a secondary school, a kindergarten, agricultural facilities and other necessary infrastructure were built. It was the first case of an agreement on a "temporary city" agreed by two local governments.

Returnees

In July 2016, the village administration resumed its duties within the village and registered residents were allowed to stay in the village for a long time. The repeal of the evacuation ordinance and thus permission to repopulate most of the village of Iitate was planned for the end of March 2017. The exceptions to this should be those areas where the return of residents was deemed "difficult". The repopulation of an area of ​​7% of the municipality, which was heavily contaminated, was thus still excluded. Accordingly, on March 31, 2017, the evacuation recommendation for most of the village was lifted. Overall, on March 31 and April 1, 2017, the Japanese government revoked the evacuation orders for around 32,000 residents from the four radiation-contaminated communities of Iitate, Kawamata, Namie and Tomioka, allowing them to return to their homes. The only places that were still the subject of evacuation orders were Futaba and Ōkuma as well as parts of the five neighboring cities and villages Minamisōma, Iitate, Namie, Tomioka, Katsurao.

Initially, however, only a limited number of residents returned to their original homes in the areas where the evacuation order was lifted. Reasons for not returning included limited social infrastructure and employment opportunities, as well as concerns about radiation exposure.

In the village of Iitate, for example, the gathering of sansai ( edible wild plants and wild mushrooms) was an important and traditional event for many people. In the village of Kawauchi, also close to the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, where the evacuation order for all village areas was lifted in 2016, however, the number of people collecting sansai had decreased significantly since the nuclear accident. The additional individual radiation exposure for people who collected wild plants and mushrooms in the mountains had not been scientifically determined as of 2017.

traffic

The most important trunk road is the national road 339 to Iwaki or Nan'yō .

Iitate is not connected to the rail network.

Attractions

Wolf statue at the Yamatsumi shrine

The 918.5 m high Hanazuka-yama on the western border, the 705.5 m high Toratori-yama ( 虎 捕 山 ) on the border with the Ryōzanmachi- Ishida district of Date and the 628.6 m high Notegami-yama ( 野手 上山 ) opposite the Notegami reservoir are said to be among the 100 most beautiful mountains in the prefecture.

The god Hanazukayama-dai gongen ( 花 塚 山大 権 現 ) was worshiped at Hanazuka-yama . The mountain has a long history of mountaineering: on the one hand it was climbed to pray for rain there, on the other hand it was also climbed by Buddhist mountain ascetics like Ennin (Shigaku-daishi). The mountain itself is characterized by large blocks of granite on top and a view of the Pacific Ocean 35 km away .

The name of the Toratori-yama, "Tigerfang Mountain", comes from the fact that the bandit Tachibana no Sumitora ( 橘 墨 虎 , where Sumitora literally means "Tushetiger" ) was captured by Minamoto no Yoriyoshi (988-1075). Minamoto had help from a white wolf, in whose honor the Shinto shrine Yamatsumi-jinja ( 山 津 見 神社 ) was founded in 1051 , where yamatsumi roughly means "mountain god" who is worshiped here. At the south foot of the mountain is the prayer hall (haiden) , which is known for its many white wolf statues and formerly 231 ceiling paintings with wolves. The original paintings from 1904 as well as the prayer hall were destroyed in a fire in April 2013. The prayer hall, which was reconstructed in June 2015, was partially refurbished in 2016 with replicas made by art students. A path leads further to the summit, on which the actual sanctuary, the main hall (honden), is located. However, today's buildings date from the Meiji period . Every year on the 17th day of the 10th lunar month a festival in honor of the mountain god took place here, on the two days before an autumn festival. The Pacific Ocean, 30 km away, can also be seen from the mountain top.

There is also a shrine at Notegami-yama, the Notegami-jinja ( 野手 神 神社 ), in which five gods are worshiped, including one of the silk industry , the Buddhist sun god Marici , a mountain god and a snake god.

Northwest of the town center is the Sonmin no Mori forest ( 村民 の 森 ) with the Ai no Sawa campsite ( あ い の 沢 ) along a lake whose promenade is said to be one of the 50 most beautiful in the prefecture. From 2001 to 2005, a haiku competition on the topic of love was held annually , with thousands of entries from all over the country, the best 50 of which were selected annually by Madoka Mayuzumi and then immortalized on stone along the promenade.

education

Until the evacuation, the primary schools ( 飯舘 村 立 X 小学校 , Iitate-sonritsu X shōgakkō ) Usuishi, Iitoi and Kusano, the Iitate middle school ( 飯舘 村 立 飯舘 中 学校 , Iitate-sonritsu Iitate chūgakkō ), and the Iitate branch school of the prefectural branch school were in Iitate Sōma Agricultural High School ( 福島 県 立 相 馬 農業 高等学校 飯舘 校 , Fukushima-kenritsu Sōma nōgyō kōtō gakkō Iitate-kō ).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e 飯舘 の 山 . (No longer available online.) Iitate, archived from the original on March 11, 2016 ; Retrieved on August 11, 2016 (Japanese, elevation information from official topographic map). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / kankou.vill.iitate.fukushima.jp
  2. ↑ a b 59. 飯舘 村 の 歴 史 を 探 る (飯舘 村) / ふ く し ま の 歴 史 と 文化 の 回廊 . Fukushima Prefecture, archived from the original on February 18, 2013 ; Retrieved August 11, 2016 (Japanese).
  3. ↑ 風 兼 ダ ム . In: ダ ム 便 覧 . 一般 財 団 法人 日本 ダ ム 協会 , accessed August 12, 2016 (Japanese).
  4. ↑ a b c Satoshi Ishida: 07 ： 福島 県 ［浜 通 り］ (1) . (No longer available online.) In: 市町村 の 変 遷 . February 8, 2007, archived from the original on November 16, 2011 ; Retrieved May 15, 2011 (Japanese). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / homepage1.nifty.com
  5. ↑ 福島 県 本部 ／ 自治 労 飯舘 村 職員 労 働 組合 : 市町村 合併 問題 へ の 取 り 組 み か ら 自立 へ . National Community Workers Union, accessed August 12, 2016 (Japanese).
  6. ↑ a b c Yujiro Kuroda, Hajime Iwasa, Aya Goto, Kazuki Yoshida, Kumiko Matsuda, Yumi Iwamitsu, Seiji Yasumura: Occurrence of depressive tendency and associated social factors among elderly persons forced by the Great East Japan Earthquake and nuclear disaster to live as long -term evacuees: a prospective cohort study . In: BMJ Open . tape 7 , no. 9 , 2017, p. e014339-1-e014339-8 , doi : 10.1136 / bmjopen-2016-014339 . ; License: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0).
  7. ↑ cf. Akihiko Ozaki, Shuhei Nomura, Claire Leppold, Masaharu Tsubokura, Tetsuya Tanimoto, Takeru Yokota, Shigehira Saji, Toyoaki Sawano, Manabu Tsukada, Tomohiro Morita, Sae Ochi, Shigeaki Kato, Masahiro Kami, Tsuyoshi Kaniazoto, Yukomio cancer patient delay in Fukushima, Japan following the 2011 triple disaster: a long-term retrospective study . In: BMC Cancer . tape 17 , no. 423 , 2017, ISSN  1471-2407 , p. 1-13 , doi : 10.1186 / s12885-017-3412-4 . (Published online June 19, 2017); License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). Here: p. 2, Fig. 1.
  8. ^ Reiko Hasegawa: Disaster Evacuation from Japan's 2011 Tsunami Disaster and the Fukushima Nuclear Accident . In: Studies . No. 5 , 2013, ISSN  2258-7535 , p. 1-54 . (Institut du développement durable et des relations internationales, IDDRI).
  9. ↑ Masaru Arakida, Mikio Ishiwatari: Evacuation . In: Federica Ranghieri, Mikio Ishiwatari (Ed.): Learning from Megadisasters - Lessons from the Great East Japan Earthquake . World Bank Publications, Washington, DC 2014, ISBN 978-1-4648-0153-2 , Chapter 11, pp. 99-108 , doi : 10.1596 / 978-1-4648-0153-2 ( work accessible online on Google Books [accessed April 3, 2018]). , License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO.
  10. ↑ Mikio Ishiwatari, Satoru Mimura, Hideki Ishii, Kenji Ohse, Akira Takagi: The Recovery Process in Fukushima . In: Federica Ranghieri, Mikio Ishiwatari (Ed.): Learning from Megadisasters - Lessons from the Great East Japan Earthquake . World Bank Publications, Washington, DC 2014, ISBN 978-1-4648-0153-2 , chap. 36 , p. 331–343 , doi : 10.1596 / 978-1-4648-0153-2 ( work accessible online on Google Books [accessed April 3, 2018]). , here: p. 335, Map 36.1 "Rearrangement of evacuation zoning" "Source: Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry.", License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO.
  11. ↑ Evacuation Areas Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI), (METI Measures and Requests in response to the Great East Japan Earthquake> Assistance of Residents Affected by the Nuclear Incidents> Evacuation Areas): Restricted areas and areas to which evacuation orders have been issued (June 15, 2012) ( Memento July 9, 2018 on WebCite ) (PDF)
  12. ↑ Tetsuo Ishikawa, Seiji Yasumura, Kotaro Ozasa, Gen Kobashi, Hiroshi Yasuda, Makoto Miyazaki, Keiichi Akahane, Shunsuke Yonai, Akira Ohtsuru, Akira Sakai, Ritsu Sakata, Kenji Kamiya, Masafumi Abe: The Fukushima estimation of Health Management external doses: to residents in Fukushima Prefecture . In: Scientific Reports . tape 5 , no. 12712 , 2015, p. 1-11 , doi : 10.1038 / srep12712 . (Published online August 4, 2015); License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). Here: p. 6, Figure 4: "Gamma ray dose rate maps of Fukushima Prefecture These maps were modified by using PowerPoint® and Adobe Reader® software, from maps obtained by airborne monitoring surveys made in April to June, 2012". License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
  13. ↑ Tetsuo Ishikawa, Seiji Yasumura, Kotaro Ozasa, Gen Kobashi, Hiroshi Yasuda, Makoto Miyazaki, Keiichi Akahane, Shunsuke Yonai, Akira Ohtsuru, Akira Sakai, Ritsu Sakata, Kenji Kamiya, Masafumi Abe: The Fukushima estimation of Health Management external doses: to residents in Fukushima Prefecture . In: Scientific Reports . tape 5 , no. 12712 , 2015, p. 1-11 , doi : 10.1038 / srep12712 . (Published online August 4, 2015); License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). Here: p. 3, Figure 2: "Changes in gamma ray dose rate at a monitoring station near the Iitate Village hall". License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
  14. ↑ 平 成 23 年 (2011 年) 東北 地方 太平洋 沖 地震 （東 日本 大 震災） に つ い て (第 145 報) ( Memento from April 12, 2018 on WebCite ) ( PDF ( Memento from April 12, 2018 on WebCite )), 総 務 省 消防庁 (Fire and Disaster Management Agency), 145th report, March 13, 2012.
  15. ↑ 平 成 23 年 (2011 年） 東北 地方 太平洋 沖 地震 （第 124 報) ( Memento from March 25, 2018 on WebCite ) ( PDF ( Memento from March 25, 2018 on WebCite )), 総 務 省 消防 庁 (Fire and Disaster Management Agency), 124th report, May 19, 2011.
  16. ↑ 東 日本 大 震災 図 説 集 . In: mainichi.jp. Mainichi Shimbun- sha, May 20, 2011, archived from the original on June 19, 2011 ; Retrieved June 19, 2011 (Japanese, overview of reported dead, missing and evacuated).
  17. ↑ 平 成 23 年 (2011 年) 東北 地方 太平洋 沖 地震 （東 日本 大 震災） に つ い て (第 146 報) ( Memento from April 12, 2018 on WebCite ) ( PDF ( Memento from April 12, 2018 on WebCite )), 総 務 省 消防庁 (Fire and Disaster Management Agency), 146th report, September 28, 2012.
  18. ↑ 平 成 23 年 (2011 年） 東北 地方 太平洋 沖 地震 （東 日本 大 震災） に つ い て （第 157 報) ( Memento of March 18, 2018 on WebCite ) ( PDF ( Memento of March 18, 2018 on WebCite )), 総 務 省 消防庁 (Fire and Disaster Management Agency), 157th report, March 7, 2018.
  19. ↑ Aya Takada: Cattle Struggling to Survive in Fukushima as Radiation Taints Soil, Water ( English ) Bloomberg. April 1, 2011. Archived from the original on April 8, 2011. Retrieved on April 8, 2011.
  20. ^ Daniel Wagner: Japan's Government Needs to Move Quickly ( English ) Huffington Post. April 3, 2011. Archived from the original on April 8, 2011. Retrieved on April 8, 2011.
  21. ↑ High radiation outside the evacuation zone in Japan , News, March 30, 2011, DerWesten
  22. ↑ Japan expands evacuation areas around crippled nuclear plant ( English ) Kyodo News. April 11, 2011. Archived from the original on April 12, 2011. Retrieved on April 12, 2011.
  23. ↑ a b c d e f g Wataru Naito, Motoki Uesaka, Tadahiro Kurosawa, Yujiro Kuroda: Measuring and assessing individual external doses during the rehabilitation phase in Iitate village after the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident . In: Journal of Radiological Protection . tape 37 , no. 3 , May 2017, p. 606-622 , doi : 10.1088 / 1361-6498 / aa7359 . (Published July 6, 2017); License: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC BY 3.0).
  24. ↑ 平 成 22 年 国 勢 調査 - 人口 等 基本 集 計 結果 - （岩手 県 ， 宮城 県 及 び 福島 県） ( Memento from March 24, 2018 on WebCite ) (PDF, Japanese), stat.go.jp (Statistics Japan - Statistics Bureau , Ministry of Internal Affairs and communication), 2010 Census, Summary of Results for Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima Prefectures, URL: http://www.stat.go.jp/data/kokusei/2010/index.html .
  25. ↑ Evacuation zone widened beyond 20 km from Fukushima nuclear plant ( English ) Kyodo News. April 22, 2011. Archived from the original on April 22, 2011. Retrieved on April 22, 2011.
  26. ↑ Man, 102, 'kills self over nuclear evacuation plan' ( English ) The Straits Times. April 14, 2011. Archived from the original on December 20, 2011. Retrieved on December 20, 2011.
  27. ↑ Dinil Pushpalal, Zhang Yan, Tran Thi Diem Thi, Yuri Scherbak, Michiko Kohama: Tears of Namie: An Appraisal of Human Security in the Township of Namie . In: Dinil Pushpalal, Jakob Rhyner, Vilma Hossini (eds.): The Great Eastern Japan Earthquake 11 March 2011: Lessons Learned And Research Questions - Conference Proceedings (11 March 2013, UN Campus, Bonn) . 2013, ISBN 978-3-944535-20-3 , ISSN  2075-0498 , pp. 80-87 .
  28. ^ The Recovery Process in Fukushima . In: Federica Ranghieri, Mikio Ishiwatari (Ed.): Learning from Megadisasters - Lessons from the Great East Japan Earthquake . World Bank Publications, Washington, DC 2014, ISBN 978-1-4648-0153-2 , Chapter 36, pp. 331–343 , doi : 10.1596 / 978-1-4648-0153-2 ( work accessible online on Google Books [accessed April 3, 2018]). , License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO.
  29. ^ A b Fukushima Prefectural Government: Transition of evacuation instruction zones. July 12, 2016, accessed on November 28, 2016 (English): "For most of IItate Village, evacuation instruction is to be canceled on March 31, 2017."
  30. ↑ Even as Evacuation Orders are Lifted, Recovery Remains Distant Prospect for Many Fukushima Residents ( Memento July 14, 2018 on WebCite ) , nippon.com, May 24, 2017, by Suzuki Hiroshi.
  31. ↑ a b 観 光 ガ イ ド マ ッ プ . (No longer available online.) Iitate, archived from the original on March 7, 2016 ; Retrieved August 12, 2016 (Japanese). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / kankou.vill.iitate.fukushima.jp
  32. ↑ Kyodo News: Gutted Fukushima shrine's famed wolf paintings reproduced. In: The Japan Times NEWS. The Japan Times, November 8, 2016, accessed November 28, 2016 .
  33. ↑ Lost Fukushima Wolf Deity Images Recreated. In: All About Japan. October 27, 2016, accessed November 28, 2016 .
  34. ↑ 山 津 見 （や ま つ み） 神社 . In: raifuku.net. Retrieved May 15, 2011 (Japanese).
  35. ↑ 愛 の 句 碑 事業 . (No longer available online.) Iitate, archived from the original on August 4, 2016 ; Retrieved August 12, 2016 (Japanese). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / kankou.vill.iitate.fukushima.jp

Web links

Commons : Iitate, Fukushima  - collection of images, videos and audio files