Ines Mandl

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Ines Mandl (née Hochmuth; born April 19, 1917 in Vienna ; † August 5, 2016 ) was an Austrian - American biochemist .

Life

Ines Mandl was born as Ines Hochmuth in Vienna in 1917 and was the only daughter of Ernst and Ida Hochmuth, née Bassan. Her father was a Jewish tie dealer and co-founder and first president of the Vienna International Fair . After elementary school, she attended the girls' high school XVIII in the Viennese district of Währing , where she passed her Matura in 1935 . At the age of 19 she married Hans Alexander Mandl in 1936, with whom she had to flee to England after the annexation of Austria in 1938 and to Ireland a little later . Ines Mandl studied chemistry here at University College Cork from 1940 and graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree in 1944 . In 1945 she and her husband moved to the United States , where their parents were already living.

Ines Mandl worked briefly in the USA for the Apex Chemical Company in New Jersey (now Apexical Inc.) before she was hired by Carl Neuberg for the Interchemical Corporation New York . Neuberg, who had also fled Germany, encouraged her to continue her studies and Mandl then went to the Polytechnic Institute of New York University , where she received her master's degree in 1947 and her doctorate in biochemistry in 1949 . She then went to the Medical School of Columbia University , where she worked at the Department of Surgery until 1955 , then moved to the Department of Microbiology and from 1959 became director of the laboratories for gynecology and obstetrics at the Francis Delafield Hospital in New York. By 1976 she was promoted to professor at the university's medical school and worked here until her retirement in 1986.

Researches

In the 1950s and 1960s Ines Mandl investigated collagenases , special collagen- degrading enzymes that split the peptide bond between proline and other amino acids ( peptidases ). They first isolated collagenase from the bacterium Clostridium histolyticum , which later in the treatment of burns third degree, decubitus ulcers , herniated discs or fibromatosis were used. At the Francis Delafield Hospital , the focus of her research was later on the biosynthesis , function and mode of action of the structural protein elastin , especially in the development, aging and disease of the lungs . It showed the destruction of the elastic fibers in the lungs during emphysema by the release of elastases or the inactivation of α-1-antitrypsin .

Awards

literature

  • Hertha Hanus: Hochmuth Mandl, Ines. In: Brigitta Keintzel, Ilse Erika Korotin (Ed.): Scientists in and from Austria. Life - work - work. Böhlau, Vienna 2002, ISBN 978-3-205-99467-1 , pp. 291-294.
  • Elizabeth H. Oakes: Encyclopedia of World Scientists. Revised Edition, Facts On File, 2007, ISBN 978-1-4381-1882-6 , p. 479 f. ( online )
  • Susanne Blumesberger, Michael Doppelhofer, Gabriele Mauthe: Handbook of Austrian authors of Jewish origin from the 18th to the 20th century. Volume 2: J-R. Edited by the Austrian National Library. Saur, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-598-11545-8 , pp. 887 f.
  • Edward Hochberg: Ines Hochmuth Mandl (1917–). In: Louise S. Grinstein, Rose K. Rose, Miriam H. Rafailovich (Eds.): Women in Chemistry and Physics. Greenwood Press, Westport, CT 1993, ISBN 0-313-27382-0 , pp. 361-370.

Individual evidence

  1. a b c Hertha Hanus: Hochmuth Mandl, Ines. In: Brigitta Keintzel, Ilse Erika Korotin (Ed.): Scientists in and from Austria. Life - work - work. Böhlau, Vienna 2002, pp. 291–294.
  2. ^ A b c Elizabeth H. Oakes: Encyclopedia of World Scientists. Revised Edition, Facts On File, 2007, p. 479 f.
  3. ^ About us & History. Apexical, Inc. Retrieved May 24, 2015
  4. ^ Edward Hochberg: Ines Hochmuth Mandl (1917–). In: Louise S. Grinstein, Rose K. Rose, Miriam H. Rafailovich (Eds.): Women in Chemistry and Physics. Greenwood Press, Westport, CT 1993, pp. 361-370.