Irvine (Scotland)
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Irvine Scottish Gaelic Irbhinn |
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| Coordinates | 55 ° 37 ′ N , 4 ° 39 ′ W | ||
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| Residents | 33,698 2011 census | ||
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| Post town | IRVINE | ||
| ZIP code section | KA11, KA12 | ||
| prefix | 01294 | ||
| Part of the country | Scotland | ||
| Council area | North Ayrshire | ||
| British Parliament | Central Ayrshire | ||
| Scottish Parliament | Cunninghame South | ||
Irvine ( Gaelic : Irbhinn ) is a town in the Scottish council area of North Ayrshire .
geography
Irvine is a coastal town in southwest North Ayrshire. It is located about eleven kilometers west of Kilmarnock and 19 km north of Ayr . The River Irvine flows through Irvine and flows into the elongated Irvine Bay . On the southern outskirts, the Annick Water flows into the Irvine and shortly before its confluence the Garnock .
history
Although Irvine is one of the five Scottish planned cities , it can look back on a long history. It is possible that the port was installed as Royal Burgh by King Alexander II as early as 1240 . The granting of Burgh rights by King Robert I in 1308 is secured . Since the Clyde was not navigable as far as Glasgow in the past , Irvine served as a port for supplies to Glasgow for centuries. Only with the deepening of the Clyde and the establishment of Port Glasgow in the 18th century did the port lose its importance. Shipbuilding, wood processing and chemical industries later settled in Irvine. In the 1780s, the poet Robert Burns lived in Irvine.
At the 1841 census, there were 4,594 people in Irvine. After 7,534 ten years later, the population grew to 8,498 by 1881. In 1961, 16,911 people were finally counted in Irvine. In 1966 Irvine was chosen as a planned city. It is the youngest of the five Scottish planned cities and the only one that builds on an existing city. The city's population doubled to around 33,000 by 1981 and has remained around this figure ever since.
In Irvine there was one of the dynamite factories that made Alfred Nobel world famous and so rich that he was able to donate the Nobel Prize . There is still an ammunition factory of the Chemring Group on the area north of the city .
traffic
Street
Four highways converge in Irvine. The A71 coming from Edinburgh ends there. Before that it crosses the A78 ( Greenock –Ayr), which cuts through the settlement area. The A736 runs northeast to Glasgow, while the A737 connects Irvine with Paisley .
Rail and air transport
The city has had its own train station since the 19th century. This was initially served on the Glasgow, Paisley, Kilmarnock and Ayr Railway of the Glasgow and South Western Railway . Today it is on the Ayrshire Coast Line of First ScotRail , which connects Largs with Glasgow . Glasgow International Airport is around 30 km northeast.
shipping
The port of Irvine was once one of the main ports in Scotland. Quays were built here in the early Middle Ages. However, with the opening of ports in Port Glasgow and Greenock in the 19th century, it quickly lost its importance and began to disintegrate. At the beginning of the 21st century, the opening of the Big Idea Museum attracted at least leisure yachts back to the port for a short time. Today (2018) the remaining port infrastructure is used by the Scottish Maritime Museum and the local population.
sons and daughters of the town
- Kris Boyd , soccer player
- Kirk Broadfoot , soccer player
- Stephanie Cook , modern pentathlete and Olympic champion
- John Galt , writer
- Jack McConnell , politician and former First Minister
- Robbie Muirhead , soccer player
- Steven Naismith , soccer player
- Steve Nicol , soccer player and coach
- John Niven , writer
- Nicola Sturgeon , politician and First Minister of Scotland
- Trash Can Sinatras
- David Wilson , soccer player and coach
- Roddy Woomble , musician
Individual evidence
- ^ List of Gaelic expressions
- ↑ a b c d Entry in the Gazetteer for Scotland
- ^ Information in the Gazetteer for Scotland
