Iuliu Hossu
Iuliu Cardinal Hossu (born January 30, 1885 in Milașul Mare , then Austria-Hungary , now Romania ; † May 28, 1970 in Bucharest ) was Romanian Greek Catholic Bishop of Gherla , from 1930 of Cluj-Gherla.
Life
Iuliu Hossu studied in Cluj , Budapest , Vienna and Rome the subjects philosophy and Catholic theology . In 1906 he received his doctorate in philosophy, in 1908 in theology. On March 27, 1910, he received the sacrament of priestly ordination from Bishop Basil Hossu , his uncle (his father Ioan and Basil were cousins ) . From 1911 he performed various tasks in the service of the Bishop of Gherla, from 1914 to 1917 he was military chaplain for the Romanian soldiers in the Austro-Hungarian army .
On April 21, 1917 he was appointed bishop of Gherla, Armenopoli, Szamos-Újvár for the believers of the Byzantine-Romanian rite. The episcopal ordination donated him on December 4, 1917 Victor Mihaly de Apşa , Archbishop of Făgăraş and Alba Iulia ; Co- consecrators were Demetriu Radu , Bishop of Oradea , and Valeriu Traian Frențiu , Bishop of Lugoj .
On June 5, 1930, the diocese of Gherla, Armenopoli, Szamos-Újvár by Pope Pius XI. renamed the Diocese of Cluj-Gherla and the seat moved to Cluj-Napoca. On July 19, 1930 he was appointed Apostolic Administrator of the newly established Maramureș diocese ; on January 31, 1931 with the ordination of Alexandru Rusu as Bishop of Maramureș, he resigned from this office. On September 16, 1936 he was appointed papal assistant to the throne . From 1941 to 1947 Iuliu Hossu was administrator of the diocese of Oradea (Großwardein), since at this time Bishop Valeriu Traian Frențiu administered the archdiocese of Făgăraş and Alba Iulia as apostolic administrator.
Since Iuliu Hossu resolutely resisted plans by the Romanian government aimed at separating the Romanian Greek Catholic Church from Rome, he was arrested on October 28, 1948 and imprisoned in Dragoslavele . He was imprisoned or under arrest for many years. He was imprisoned in the infamous Sighet Prison from May 25, 1950 to January 4, 1955 . After that he was under house arrest in the Romanian Orthodox monasteries of Ciorogârla and Căldăruşani near Bucharest until his death .
Pope Paul VI appointed him in the consistory of 28 April 1969 in pectore for Cardinal . The proclamation took place three years after Iuliu Hossu's death in the consistory of March 5, 1973.
He died on May 28, 1970 in Colentina Hospital in Bucharest. His last words were: “ My fight is over, I know who I believed. “He was buried in a family grave in the Bello Cemetery in Bucharest. On December 7, 1982 his remains were exhumed and his own tomb was built for him.
Beatification process
The beatification process was initiated for Iuliu Hossu . In the course of this, on March 19, 2019 , Pope Francis recognized the martyrdom of Hossus and six other bishops who perished in the communist persecution of the Church as a prerequisite for beatification. The Pope himself beatified him on June 2, 2019 in Blaj .
literature
- Biography of the canonization of the bishops Valeriu Traian Frențiu, Iuliu Hossu, Alexandru Rusu, Ioan Bălan , Ioan Suciu , Titu Liviu Chinezu and Vasile Aftenie .
- Dimitru Bogdan: Cardinal Iuliu Hossu. Editura Galaxia Gutenberg 2012, ISBN 978-973-141-457-7 .
Web links
- Hossu, Iuliu. In: Salvador Miranda : The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. ( Florida International University website), accessed August 13, 2016.
- Entry on Iuliu Hossu on catholic-hierarchy.org ; accessed on August 13, 2016.
- Admission protocol to Sighet prison, see Fişă de încarcerare (facsimile)
- Viaggio Apostolico di Papa Francesco in Romania (31 maggio - 2 giugno 2019) - Divina Liturgia con la Beatificazione di 7 Vescovi Martiri Greco-Cattolici nel Campo della Libertà di Blaj e Recita del Regina Coeli. Press Office of the Holy See , June 2, 2019, accessed on June 3, 2019 (sermon of Pope Francis at the beatification with German translation).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Le Petit Episcopologe, Issue 121
- ↑ Le Petit Episcopologe, Issue 155, additions / corrections
- ↑ Sylvester Augustine, Clemente Prunduş Plăianu: Catholicism and Orthodoxy Romanian - brief history of the Romanian Church. Christian Life Publishing House, Cluj-Napoca 1994
- ↑ Sylvester Augustine, Clemente Prunduş Plăianu: The 12 martyrs bishops. Publishing house "Der Christ Life", Cluj-Napoca 1998
- ^ Promulgazione di Decreti della Congregazione delle Cause dei Santi. In: Daily Bulletin. Holy See Press Office, March 19, 2019, accessed March 19, 2019 (Italian).
- ↑ Pope beatifies martyr bishops of the communist era. Vatican News , June 2, 2019, accessed June 2, 2019 .
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Basil Hossu |
Bishop of Gherla, Armenopoli, Szamos-Ujvár; from 1930 Cluj-Gherla 1917–1970 |
Gheorghe Guțiu |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Hossu, Iuliu |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Hossu, Iuliu Cardinal (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Romanian cardinal and bishop of Gherla |
| DATE OF BIRTH | January 30, 1885 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Milașul Mare , Austria-Hungary |
| DATE OF DEATH | May 28, 1970 |
| Place of death | Bucharest |