Jørgen Sonne (painter)

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Wilhelm Marstrand :
Portrait - Jørgen Sonne (1853)
Frederiksborg Museum

Jørgen Valentin Sonne or Jørgen Sonne (born June 24, 1801 in Birkerød , † September 24, 1890 in Copenhagen ) was a Danish battle, animal and genre painter .

Life

Jørgen Sonne's parents were the engraver at the Royal Mint, Jeppe Jørgen Sonne (1771–1833) and his wife Else Cathrine, nee. Zimmer (1771-1851). A military career was originally planned for Sonne, but after a year of training at the cadet school, he moved to the art academy in 1815, where he was admitted to the freehand drawing class and later to the model school with Johann Ludwig Lund . During this time he first made nature studies outdoors with classmates such as Troels Lund, Albert Küchler , Herman Wilhelm Bissen and Harro Harring .

From 1818, he was now a student with the animal and battle painter Christian David Gebauer , he exhibited animal pictures and copies based on templates from his teacher and from Dutch painters. Until 1820 hunting pieces and battle paintings were his favorite subjects. In order to develop in the field of battle painting, it was Sonne's endeavor to continue his studies abroad. This became possible in 1828 when he was able to travel to Munich with a large amount of travel support and the recommendation of the Academy. After enrolling at the Munich Art Academy in January 1829, he began an apprenticeship with the history painter Peter von Cornelius in his evening classes for more than 1½ years . He got further support from Peter von Hess , but without becoming his pupil. Sonne often used his stay in the Bavarian capital to travel to the mountains, for example to Berchtesgaden and Tyrol. He used the studies made there for pictures that were mostly for sale in Munich, only a few were exhibited at home.

Jørgen Sonne:
Thorvaldsen Frieze - detail of the Thorvaldsen Museum
Jørgen Sonne: Rytterkampen ved Århus the 31st May 1849
ARoS Aarhus Art Museum
Jørgen Sonne: Dybbol Skanse

After spending three years in Munich, Sonne was able to travel to Italy with new support in 1831 to study with the French history painter Horace Vernet ; this was since 1829 director of the Académie de France in Rome . Life in Rome with his Danish colleagues led to a departure from the battle paintings. Frequent trips to the area around the Campagna and the contact with the local rural population, as well as his passion for hunting, brought him closer to genre painting. One of the few battle paintings still painted by him was En valplads morgenen efter et slag (A battlefield the morning after a battle) in 1832 , a copy after the sculptor Bertel Thorvaldsen .

At the end of 1840, Sonne returned to Denmark. In the following years he exhibited works that were still created from the memory of Italy. It was not until 1844 that he painted a Danish motif: En gammel fisker, the om aftenen sætter sine garn ud (an old fisherman lays out his nets in the evening) . In 1846, Sonne was accepted as a member of the Academy with the picture Søndag morgen, en familie […] (see works).

From 1846 to 1848, Sonne was busy making the friezes on the outer walls of the Thorvaldsen Museum , which was built in Copenhagen in honor of Bertel Thorvaldsen. The idea of ​​designing the facades with life-size figures came from the museum architect MG Bindesbøll . The friezes show motifs from Thorvaldsen's return from Rome in 1838. The following are depicted on the individual walls: The crowd celebrating the sculptor; Unloading his work from the frigate Rota; The transfer of the work to the museum.

From 1848 to 1851 the Schleswig-Holstein Uprising - the Three Years' War (Danish: Treårskersche) - brought him back to the battles. With the permission of the War Department, he was with the army as a civil war correspondent on the battlefield with his sketchbook. In his drawings, watercolors and mainly in the oil paintings that were later created from these templates, he depicts the courage and patriotism of the Danish soldiers. In 1864 during the German-Danish War he was to be found again on the battlefield: I Dybbøl Skanser i April 1864 ( The Schanzen bei Düppel ) .

In the peaceful time after 1864, Sonne devoted himself again to genre painting. In 1865 he was again in Italy with the help of a scholarship. Jørgen Sonne was not married, he died on September 24, 1890 in Copenhagen, his grave is on Holmens Kirkegaard.

Scholarships, prizes, honors

  • 1828: Fond ad Usus Publicos (1828–33, support for trips abroad)
  • 1852: Honored with the Dannebrogden (Ridder af Dannebrog)
  • 1865: Det anckerske Legat (scholarship from the Ancker Foundation; used for a trip to Italy)
  • 1871: Appointment as professor by the academy
  • 1881: Awarded as a Dannebrog man (Dannebrogsmand)

Works (selection)

  • 1833: Et Skib trækkes op ad Tiberen ved Hjælp af Bøfler. (A ship on the Tiber, pulled upstream by buffalos)
  • 1836: Romerske Bønder, som drage til Marked. (Roman farmers on their way to the market)
  • 1830s: Høstmesse i den Romerske campaign. (Harvest fair in the Roman Campagna)
  • 1830s: Udsigt over bugten ved Napoli. (View of the Bay of Naples)
  • 1842: En sjællandsk høstscene. (A Zealand harvest scene)
  • 1843: Et Marked i Omegnen af ​​Rom. (Market near Rome)
  • 1844: En gammel fisker, the om aftenen sætter sine garn ud. (An old fisherman lays out his nets in the evening)
  • 1845: Scene ved brønd i en neapolitansk by henimod aften. (Scene at the fountain of a Neapolitan city towards evening)
  • 1846: Sunday morning, with the family he started med at days to church. (Sunday morning, family is about to go to church)
  • 1846: En Flok Kvæg søger Køling i Vandet. (A herd of cattle seeks cooling in the water)
  • 1847: Skt. Hansnat. The syges søvn på Helenegraven ved Tisvilde. (Skt. Hans Nacht. The sick sleep on Helen's grave in Tisvilde)
  • 1848: Request June 5, 1848 from Dybbøl Bjærg. (The attack on June 5, 1848 near the Düppeler Mountains)
  • 1851: Slaget ved Isted 1850. (Battle of Isted 1850)
  • 1853: Kavallerifægtningen ved Århus 31 May 1849. / Rytterkampen ved Århus […] (cavalry battles in Aarhus)
  • 1857: Isted Hede, natten efter slaget July 25, 1850. (Isted Heide, the night after the fight)
  • 1871: I Dybbøl Skanser i April 1864. (The Düppeler Schanzen)
  • 1865: En pramtur på Esrum Kanal, with portraits of the Puggaard family. (A prahm tour on the Esrum Canal, with portraits of the Puggaard family)
  • 1870: Fru Signe Puggaard og hendes to døtre. (Mrs. Signe Puggaard and her two daughters)
  • 1877: Aftenlandskab, pigen bringer vesperkost til markarbejderne. (Evening landscape, girls bring snack food for the field workers)
as an illustrator
  • 1845: Sakuntala med wrestling, Skuespil af Kalidasas . (Kalidasa: Sakuntala; drama in seven acts); Danish translation of the Indian national drama by Martin Hammerich (1811–1881), illustrated by J. Sonne and xylographed by Andreas Flinch (1813–1872).

literature

Web links

Commons : Jørgen Valentin Sonne  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Registration books of the Academy of Fine Arts, Munich. ADBK Munich, accessed on April 11, 2015 .
  2. ↑ a b c d e The Danish painting titles are freely translated into German.
  3. ↑ Jørgen Sonne's grave at Holmen cemetery (text in Danish)
personal data
SURNAME Sun, Jørgen
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Sonne, Jørgen Valentin (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Danish battle and genre painter
DATE OF BIRTH June 24, 1801
PLACE OF BIRTH Birkerød
DATE OF DEATH September 24, 1890
Place of death Copenhagen