Jewish community of Mühlbach

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The formation of the Jewish community in Mühlbach , today a part of Eppingen in the Heilbronn district , dates back to the 18th century.

history

In 1714 two Jewish families are mentioned for the first time on site. Since the city of Eppingen acquired Niedermühlbach in 1365 and Obermühlbach in 1372, it was able to determine when and where Jews were allowed to settle in the city.

In Mühlbach, which belonged to the Electoral Palatinate until 1803 and only became independent from Eppingen in 1810, there was an independent Jewish community from 1827 to 1855. After that, it was a sub-community of the Eppingen Jewish community until its dissolution on February 18, 1885 . The 19th century brought the complete emancipation of the Jewish fellow citizens in small steps, which was completed in Baden in 1862.

The Jewish community was assigned to the Sinsheim rabbinate district in 1827 and to the Bretten district rabbinate from 1877 . As in all comparable rural communities, the highest number of Jewish residents was reached in the middle of the 19th century, namely in 1864 with 36 people. In 1925 only 14 Jewish citizens lived in Mühlbach.

Community development

year Parishioners
1714 2 families
1771 8 people
1815 4 families
1854 6 families

synagogue

The Jewish community of Mühlbach, which was constituted under Baden law, bought a residential building on Hauptstrasse in 1854 in order to convert it into the first synagogue . As is customary elsewhere, the common prayers were previously held in private homes. Since the number of parishioners fell sharply in a relatively short time due to emigration and emigration, the synagogue house was sold again in 1884, one year before the dissolution of the Jewish community. As early as 1873, the Jewish residents living in Mühlbach visited the newly built synagogue in Eppingen .

Families butchers

The dead of the Jewish community were initially buried in the distant Jewish cemetery in Oberöwisheim and, since 1820, in the newly created Jewish cemetery in Eppingen . Of the 31 dead from Mühlbach in the Jewish district cemetery in Eppingen, 21 are butchers.

literature

  • Joachim Hahn and Jürgen Krüger : Synagogues in Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Joachim Hahn: Places and Facilities . Theiss, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1843-5 ( Memorial Book of Synagogues in Germany . Volume 4), p. 111.
  • Ralf Bischoff and Reinhard Hauke ​​(eds.): The Jewish cemetery in Eppingen. A documentation . 2nd Edition. Heimatfreunde Eppingen, Eppingen 1996 ( Around the Ottilienberg. Contributions to the history of the city of Eppingen and its surroundings . Volume 5).
  • Aron Dancer : The History of the Jews in Jebenhausen and Göppingen . Reprint of the 1927 edition. Konrad, Weißenhorn 1988, ISBN 3-87437-274-X ( publication by the Göppingen City Archives . Volume 23)
    (with family tree of the Fleischer family)