Zaberfeld Jewish community

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A Jewish community in Zaberfeld in the Heilbronn district in northern Baden-Württemberg had existed since the middle of the 18th century. The highest membership of the Jewish community in 1818 was about 47 people.

history

The Lords of Sternenfels , who had Zaberfeld as a Württemberg fief since 1390 , took Jews in around 1745. The Jews lived from trading in cattle and groceries . A prayer room in a private house was used as a synagogue . Efforts to build their own synagogue building failed because of the poor conditions of the community members. In 1832 the Jewish community of Zaberfeld was assigned to the Jewish community of Freudental as a branch community. The dead were buried in the Jewish cemetery in Freudental or in the Jewish cemetery in Flehingen . The Jewish community of Zaberfeld, like most rural communities, lost a large part of its members from the middle of the 19th century through emigration and relocation to larger cities.

National Socialist Persecution

In 1933 only the Albert Herbst, Gustav Herbst and Jordan-Warschawsky families lived in Zaberfeld. Albert Herbst was deported to Riga with his wife Helene and their son Julius on December 1, 1941 and died there. Gustav Herbst's family emigrated to the USA, with the exception of their daughter Flora Kirchheimer, born Herbst, who was deported from Karlsruhe to Gurs on October 22, 1940 during the Wagner-Bürckel campaign . She was murdered in Auschwitz . Hedwig Warschawsky, née Jordan, and her daughter Paula were expelled from the Poland Action in October 1938 from the Jordan-Warschawsky family . Fanny Jordan, born Kaufmann, died on September 23, 1942 in Theresienstadt .

The memorial book of the Federal Archives lists 12 Jewish citizens born in Zaberfeld who fell victim to the genocide of the National Socialist regime .

Common names

When all Jews in Württemberg had to take hereditary family names in 1828/29, the heads of the Jews in Zaberfeld adopted the following names: Heumann, Jordan, Kaufmann, Strauss and Weinsperger.

Community development

year Parishioners
1749 5 people
1756 30 people
1770 44 people
1810 12 families
1818 47 people
1873 33 people
1900 24 people
1933 13 people

literature

  • Wolfram Angerbauer , Hans Georg Frank: Jewish communities in the district and city of Heilbronn. History, fates, documents . Heilbronn district, Heilbronn 1986 ( series of publications by the Heilbronn district . Volume 1), pp. 244–248.
  • Joachim Hahn and Jürgen Krüger: Synagogues in Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Joachim Hahn: Places and Facilities . Theiss, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1843-5 ( Memorial book of the synagogues in Germany . Volume 4), p. 522.
  • Wolfgang Schönfeld: The last Jewish families in Zaberfeld. Verlag Alte Uni, Eppingen 2015, ISBN 978-3-926315-46-5 . (not evaluated)

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Commemorative Book - Victims of the Persecution of Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny in Germany 1933 - 1945 . Retrieved October 29, 2009.