Obergimpern Jewish community

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A Jewish community in Obergimpern , a district of Bad Rappenau in the Heilbronn district in northern Baden-Württemberg , has existed since the late 16th century. The highest membership of the Jewish community was around 67 in 1825.

history

Jews were first mentioned in 1586 and 1589, but they were expelled in 1590. In the middle of the 17th century, a few Jews settled again, after which there was a Jewish community in Obergimpern from the middle of the 18th century . In 1775 there were seven Jewish families. Until 1807, a "hiding place" in a Jewish residential building served as a prayer room. In 1810 a modest synagogue was built, which was damaged in October 1830 in anti-Jewish riots . Up until 1832 there were repeated riots, which were mostly triggered by demands for equal treatment in the donation of citizens' wood . In 1882 the synagogue was extensively renovated. As a result of emigration and emigration, the number of Jewish residents fell to 25 by 1925.

From 1827 the Jewish community of Obergimpern belonged to the Sinsheim district rabbinate . Their dead were buried in the Jewish cemetery in Heinsheim and the Jewish cemetery in Waibstadt .

As early as 1930 it was often no longer possible to bring together the minyan required for a church service , so the synagogue was sold to the Catholic Church before 1938, which used the building for community work until after the Second World War . After 1962 the building was demolished due to its dilapidation.

National Socialist Persecution

More than half of the Jews emigrated to the USA (5), Palestine (3) and Argentina (3), 2 moved to Karlsruhe . (…) The last Jewish residents were deported to Gurs on October 22, 1940 , including David and Flora Grombacher, who were deported to Auschwitz in 1942 , where they perished. (Angerbauer / Frank, p. 186)

The memorial book of the Federal Archives lists 12 Jewish citizens born in Obergimpern who fell victim to the genocide of the National Socialist regime .

Common names

When all Jews in Baden had to adopt hereditary family names in 1809, the 8 families of the Obergimpern Jews with a total of 41 people took the following names: Grombacher, Kaufmann, Mosbacher, Stammhalter, Stein, Strauss, Waldörfer and Zimern.

Community development

year Parishioners
1753 2 families
1775 27 people
1801 5 families
1809 41 people
1825 67 people
1875 56 people
1900 34 people
1933 17 people

literature

  • Wolfram Angerbauer , Hans Georg Frank: Jewish communities in the district and city of Heilbronn. History, fates, documents . Heilbronn district, Heilbronn 1986 ( series of publications by the Heilbronn district . Volume 1), pp. 182–186.
  • Joachim Hahn and Jürgen Krüger : Synagogues in Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Joachim Hahn: Places and Facilities . Theiss, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1843-5 ( Memorial book of the synagogues in Germany . Volume 4), pp. 35–37.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Commemorative Book - Victims of Persecution of the Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny in Germany 1933–1945 . Retrieved October 29, 2009.