Jacob Bekenstein

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Jacob Bekenstein at Harvard University (2004)

Jacob David Bekenstein ( Hebrew יעקב בקנשטיין; * May 1, 1947 in Mexico City ; † August 16, 2015 in Helsinki , Finland ) was an Israeli -US physicist .

education

Bekenstein studied at the Polytechnic Institute in Brooklyn , where he obtained a Master of Science degree in 1969 . He then moved to Princeton University , where he received his doctorate in 1972 under John Archibald Wheeler .

Scientific career

From 1976 to 1990 he taught at the Ben Gurion University in Beersheba . Since 1990 he has been a professor at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem , where he has held the Michael Polak Chair for Theoretical Physics since 1993 .

Bekenstein was one of the founders of the thermodynamics of black holes and made important contributions to the connection between information and gravity . The Bekenstein-Hawking entropy and the Bekenstein limit - the maximum possible information in a sphere - are named after him. In 2004 he formulated the tensor-vector-scalar-gravitation theory , a description of the gravitational processes in cosmology which is an alternative to the general theory of relativity .

Memberships and honors

He was a member of the Israel Academy of Sciences and recipient of the Rothschild Prize . In 2005 he was awarded the Israel Physics Prize. In 2012 he received the Wolf Prize in Physics , and in 2015 he was awarded the Einstein Prize of the American Physical Society.

Private life

Bekenstein was married and had three children. In addition to the Israeli citizenship, he was also a US citizen. He died on August 16, 2015 at the age of 68 as a result of a heart attack in Finland's capital Helsinki, where he was attending a lecture .

Publications

  • Nonexistence of baryon number of static black holes. In: Physical Review D. Volume 5, 1972, pp. 2403-2412 ( abstract ).
  • Black holes and entropy. In: Physical Review D. Volume 7, 1973, pp. 2333-2346 ( abstract ).
  • Generalized second law of thermodynamics in black hole physics. In: Physical Review D. Volume 9, 1974, pp. 3292-3300 ( abstract ).
  • Statistical black hole thermodynamics. In: Physical Review D. Volume 12, 1975, pp. 3077-3085 ( abstract ).
  • Black-hole thermodynamics. In: Physics Today. January 1980, pp. 24-31.
  • Energy cost of information transfer. In: Physical Review Letters. Volume 46, 1981, pp. 623-626 ( abstract ).
  • Universal upper bound to entropy-to-energy ratio for bounded systems. In: Physical Review D. Volume 23, 1981, pp. 287-298 ( abstract ).
  • Black holes and everyday physics. In: General Relativity and Gravitation. Volume 14, No. 4, 1982, pp. 355-359, bibcode : 1982GReGr..14..355B .
  • Specific entropy and the sign of the energy. In: Physical Review D. Vol. 26, No. 4, 1982, pp. 950-953 ( abstract ).
  • Entropy bounds and the second law for black holes. In: Physical Review D. Vol. 27, No. 10, 1983, pp. 2262-2270 ( abstract ).
  • with Mordehai Milgrom : Does the missing mass problem signal the breakdown of Newtonian gravity? In: Astrophysical Journal. Volume 286, 1984, pp. 7-14, bibcode : 1984ApJ ... 286 .... 7B .
  • Entropy content and information flow in systems with limited energy. In: Physical Review D. Vol. 30, 1984, pp. 1669-1679 ( abstract ).
  • Communication and energy. In: Physical Review A. Volume 37, No. 9, 1988, pp. 3437-3449 ( abstract )
  • with M. Schiffer: Quantum Limitations on the Storage and Transmission of Information. In: International Journal of Modern Physics. Volume 1, 1990, pp. 355-422, arxiv : quant-ph / 0311050 .
  • Information in the Holographic Universe. In: Scientific American . Volume 289, No. 2, August 2003, p. 61.
  • Relativistic gravitation theory for the MOND paradigm. In: Physical Review D. Volume 70, 2004, 083509, Erratum in: Physical Review D. Volume 71, 2005, 069901, arxiv : astro-ph / 0403694 .
  • Of Gravity, Black Holes and Information. Di Renzo Editore, Roma, 2006, ISBN 88-8323-161-9 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jennifer Ouellette: In Memoriam: Jacob Bekenstein (1947-2015) and Black Hole Entropy. In: Scientific American. Online, Aug 17, 2015; Retrieved August 19, 2015.
  2. ^ Dennis Overbye: Jacob Bekenstein, Physicist Who Revolutionized Theory of Black Holes, Dies at 68. In: The New York Times . August 21, 2015. Accessed August 24, 2015.

Web links

Commons : Jacob Bekenstein  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Bekenstein, Jacob
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Bekenstein, Jacob David (full name); יעקב בקנשטיין (Hebrew)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Israeli-American physicist
DATE OF BIRTH May 1, 1947
PLACE OF BIRTH Mexico City , Mexico
DATE OF DEATH August 16, 2015
Place of death Helsinki