Jaluit

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Jaluit
Jaluit Atoll.jpg
Waters Pacific Ocean
archipelago Marshall Islands
Geographical location 6 ° 0 '  N , 169 ° 34'  E Coordinates: 6 ° 0 '  N , 169 ° 34'  E
Jaluit (Marshall Islands)
Jaluit
Number of islands 91
Main island Jabor
Land area 11.34 km²
Lagoon area 690 km²
Residents 1788 (2011)
Template: Infobox Atoll / Maintenance / HoeheFehlt

Jaluit (also called Tschalut , Jalut or Talut ) is an atoll in the Pacific Ocean and belongs to the Republic of the Marshall Islands as part of the Ralik chain (Sunset Islands) . It is about 6 ° north latitude and 169 ° to 170 ° east longitude and has 1,788 inhabitants (2011).

geography

The atoll consists of 91 islands, the total land area of ​​which is only about 11 km² . However, the lagoon encloses more than 690 km² and consists mainly of coral banks . The main island is Jabor (Jahwor) at the southeast passage of the lagoon.

history

The archipelago was discovered for Europe by Captain Patterson in 1809 and was initially named Bonham Islands . Bartholomäus von Werner , the commander of SMS Ariadne , made Jaluit on November 29, 1878 a German trading post of the Hamburg German Trading and Plantation Society , which later became the Jaluit Society . The islands became the seat of a German consulate , with the flag being raised on October 15, 1885, the Marshall Islands became a German colony and officially belonged to German New Guinea from 1906 .

In 1886 an Imperial Court was established in Jaluit and in 1890 an Imperial Higher Court for the Marshall Islands. In 1906 the Imperial Court was converted into a District Court and the Supreme Court abolished. The court of second instance was now the Imperial Supreme Court in New Guinea. In 1911 the Jaluit District Court was overturned. Now the Ponape District Court was also responsible for the Marshall Islands. The separation of the jurisdiction of the administration was not given. The judge of the first instance was the secretary, the judge of the second instance the commissioner, and later the governor. The assessors of the court were chosen from among the local whites. The court was responsible for the whites and judged according to the law of the German Empire. For the natives there were indigenous courts that spoke law according to traditional rules.

After the outbreak of World War I , five Japanese warships appeared at Jaluit and landed troops. The island was occupied without a fight and the Japanese flag was raised on October 14, 1914.

During the Pacific War , the Japanese stationed a seaplane squadron on the island, which was bombed several times by American B-24s in November 1943 . After the war, the islands were part of the US Pacific Islands Trust Territory on behalf of the United Nations .

In 1979 the Marshall Islands became an independent republic under an association agreement with the USA. The Marshall Islands achieved complete formal independence under international law in 1990.

Sons and daughters (selection)

Web links

Commons : Jaluit  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Gerd Hardach: Colonial rule in the field of tension between repression and legitimate order in Micronesia 1885–1914; in: Kolonialisierung des Rechts, 2001, ISBN 3-7890-7347-4 , pp. 106-107