Janovičky (Heřmánkovice)
| Janovičky | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||
| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
|
||||
| Region : | Královéhradecký kraj | ||||
| District : | After that | ||||
| Municipality : | Heřmánkovice | ||||
| Area : | 107.7178 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 38 ' N , 16 ° 22' E | ||||
| Height: | 600 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 4 (2001) | ||||
| Postal code : | 549 84, 550 01 | ||||
| License plate : | H | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Janovičky - Broumov | ||||
.jpg)
_02.jpg)
Janovičky , until 1950 Janovice (German Johannesberg ) is a district of the municipality Heřmánkovice in the Czech Republic. It is located six kilometers north of the city center of Broumov near the Czech-Polish border in the Heidelgebirge ( Javoří hory ) and belongs to the Okres Náchod .
geography
Janovičky extends on the southern slope of the Heidelgebirge along the old Schweidnitzer Straße, which ends today as state road II / 303 in the village. The Svinský potok ( Saubach ) rises south of the village , to the west of the Kravský potok ( Kuhbach ) and the Liščí potok ( Fuchsbach ). To the north rise the Kropiwiec ( stone hill , 706 m nm) and the Czarnoch ( black mountain , 725 m nm), in the northeast the Góra Źródlana ( Bornberg , 681 m npm) and the Saalenberg (667 m nm), to the east the Johannesberg (644 m nm) and the Leszyniec ( Haselberg , 725 m nm), in the southeast the Červená hora ( Rother Berg , 747 m nm) and the Bobří vrch ( Bieberstein , 740 m nm), south of the Růžek ( Hörnl , 635 m nm), in the southwest the Prostřední hora ( Mittelberg , 579 m nm) and the Supí vrch ( Geyersberg , 541 m nm), to the west of the Velbloudí vrch ( Kammelberg , 576 m nm) and in the northwest of the Jedlový vrch ( Brodsberg , 734 m nm).
Neighboring towns are Łomnica ( Lomnitz ) and Głuszyca Górna ( Upper Wüstegiersdorf ) in the north, Kolce ( Dörnhau ) and Sierpnice ( Rudolf Waldau ) in the northeast, Nowa Głuszyca ( New Giersdorf ) Złote Vody ( Goldwasser ) Wszeradz ( pigs digging ) and Bartnica ( prey base ) in East, Wrześnik ( sheep meadow ), Granicznik ( Markgrund ) and Šonov ( Schönau ) in the southeast, foxhouses , Rožmitál (rose valley ) and Benešov in the south, Heřmánkovice in the southwest and west as well as Radosno ( Freudenburg ), Trzy Strugi ( Dreiwässertal ) and Granna ( border valley ) in the north-west.
history
The Johannesberg settlement was established in 1560 by the Braunau abbot Johann von Chotow on Dominikal grounds along a trade route leading from Braunau over the Heidelberg Mountains to Schweidnitz and is named after its founder. In the years 1672–1673 the abbot Thomas Sartorius had a wooden church built on the hill of the same name (644 m nm) above the village. In 1726 the abbot Othmar Daniel Zinke had the branch church of John the Baptist repaired by Kilian Ignaz Dientzenhofer and a stone baroque choir and sacristy added to the wooden nave. Johannesberg was parish off to Schönau until 1784 , after which the village belonged to the Hermsdorf locality .
In 1833 the village of Johannesberg , located in the Königgrätzer Kreis , consisted of 55 houses in which 419 people lived. The main source of income was agriculture, which was not very profitable due to the altitude. In the village there was the branch church of John the Baptist, a branch school, an Imperial and Royal border customs office and an inn. After Johannesberg was enrolled, the single-Baier mill on Fuchsbach. The rectory was Hermsdorf. The village remained subject to the Braunau monastery until the middle of the 19th century .
After the abolition of patrimonial formed Johannesberg / Janovice 1849 a district of the municipality Hermsdorf / Heřmánkovice in the judicial district of Braunau . In 1862 the location Hermsdorf was raised to a parish. In 1868 Johannesberg was assigned to the Braunau district . In 1871 a new school building was inaugurated. Johannesberg broke away from Hermsdorf in the 1870s and formed its own community.
In 1885, 354 people lived in Johannesberg , all of whom belonged to the German ethnic group. In the same year, the Schweidnitzer Straße leading from Braunau over the Heidelgebirge to Schweidnitz and Breslau to Chaussee was expanded. In addition to small-scale farming, work in the neighboring towns increasingly formed the basis of income; there were no industrial settlements in Johannesberg . At the end of the 19th century, the village developed more and more into a summer resort because of its charming location on the mountain slope. The largest excursion restaurant was Franz Birke's guest house and wine house. In 1900 Johannesberg had 296 inhabitants, in 1913 there were 251 and in 1920 only 238. In 1930 219 people lived in the community. After the Munich Agreement , Johannesberg was added to the German Reich in autumn 1938 and belonged to the Braunau district until 1945 . In 1939 the population had dropped to 171. After the end of World War II, Janovice returned to Czechoslovakia and the German population was expelled . The border crossing over the Johannesberger Pass ( Przełęcz pod Czarnochem ) into the now Polish Weistritz Valley was closed after the end of the Second World War. On Midsummer Day 1948, the last procession was held for John Berger Church. 1950 Janovice and Heřmánkovice were merged to form a municipality Heřmánkovice, at the same time the name of the district Janovice was renamed Janovičky .
In the course of the territorial reform of 1960 the Okres Broumov was abolished, since then Janovičky belongs to the Okres Náchod. In 1961 only six people lived in Janovičky. The church was demolished in 1964. Between 1981 and 1990 Janovičky was incorporated into Broumov. In 1991 Janovičky had no permanent residents. In 2001 the village consisted of 20 houses and had four residents. In 2003 the Czech state had the access to the "Broumov - Janovičky - Głuszyca " border crossing reconstructed; On the Polish side, the asphalt road ends 850 m below the Johannesberger Pass in Głuszyca Górna.
Local division
The settlement Ve Mlýně ( Baiermühle ) belongs to Janovičky .
The district Janovičky forms the cadastral district Janovičky u Broumova .
Attractions
- Hotel Zámeček that Ausflugsgaststätte was at the beginning of the 20th century as a guest and Weinhaus Franz Birch built
- Statue of St. John of Nepomuk
- Dreiherrenstein, the boundary stone set in 1732 is located between Janovičky and Bartnica on the border with Poland on Leszyniec and marks the historical border between the monastery of Braunau, the Duchy of Schweidnitz and the County of Glatz . The coats of arms of Braunau Abbey, that of Hochberg and the owner of the Hausdorf estate are carved .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi/638625/Janovicky-u-Broumova
- ^ Johann Gottfried Sommer , Franz Xaver Maximilian Zippe: The Kingdom of Böhmen. Statistically and topographically presented, vol. 4 Königgrätzer Kreis , Prague 1836, p. 183
- ↑ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Braunau district (Czech Broumov). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Vyhláška č. 13/1951 Sb. - Vyhláška ministra vnitra o změnách úředních názvů míst v roce 1950
- ↑ https://www.czso.cz/documents/10180/20565661/13810901.pdf/3fde2441-c81b-4a1e-9b94-551e65007f70?version=1.0
- ↑ http://www.psp.cz/doc/00/14/15/00141546.pdf