Rožmitál (Broumov)

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Rožmitál
Rožmitál does not have a coat of arms
Rožmitál (Broumov) (Czech Republic)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic
Region : Královéhradecký kraj
District : After that
Municipality : Broumov
Area : 829.8697 ha
Geographic location : 50 ° 36 '  N , 16 ° 22'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 36 '14 "  N , 16 ° 22' 8"  E
Height: 450  m nm
Residents : 172 (2001)
Postal code : 550 01
License plate : H
traffic
Street: Šonov - Broumov
Houses No. 38 and 39

Rožmitál (German Rosental , formerly Rosenthal ) is a district of the city of Broumov in the Czech Republic. It is located three and a half kilometers northeast of the city center of Broumov near the Czech-Polish border and belongs to the Okres Náchod .

geography

Rožmitál extends at the southern foot of the Heidelgebirge ( Javoří hory ) in the Broumovská kotlina ( Braunauer Basin ) along the Černý potok ( Schwarzbach ). To the north rise the Růžek ( Hörnl , 635 m nm), the Bobří vrch ( Bieberstein , 740 m nm), the Dlouhý vrch ( Langer Berg , 653 m nm) and the Homole (541 m nm), in the northeast the Friedrichskoppe (588 m nm), the Słoneczna Kopa ( Sonnenkoppe , 705 m npm) and the Czernina ( Schwarzekoppe , 727 m npm), southeast of the Rožmitálský kopec (436 m nm), in the south of the Černý vrch ( Schwarzberg , 437 m nm), southwest of the Plochý vrch ( Teiberhöhe , 429 m nm) and northwest of the Dvorský vrch ( Hofeberg , 474 m nm). To the north, the Rožmitál district encompasses the extensive forest area around the Bobří vrch to the Dreiherrenstein on Leszyniec ( Haselberg , 725 m nm). The Farský les ( parish bush ) to the east of the village belongs to the Šonov district .

Neighboring towns are Janovičky ( Johannesberg ), Głuszyca Górna ( Upper Wüstegiersdorf ) Kolce ( Dörnhau ) Nowa Głuszyca ( New Giersdorf ) Wszeradz ( pigs digging ) and Złote Vody ( Goldwasser ) in the north, Bartnica ( prey base ), Wrześnik ( Sheep Meadow ), Granicznik ( Markgrund ) and Świerki ( Königswalde ) in the northeast, Šonov ( Schönau ) in the east, Tłumaczów ( Tuntschendorf ) in the southeast, Otovice ( Ottendorf ) in the south, Velká Ves ( Großdorf ) in the southwest, Olivětín ( Mount of Olives ) in the west and Benešov ( Straßenau ) in the north-west.

history

The village was probably founded in the 13th century during the reclamation of the area by the Břevnov monastery . It was first mentioned in a document in 1359 as villa Rosenthal . In the land register of the Braunau monastery from 1406, eleven Huben lands are listed for the village , of which the Schulzenhof and the outdoor farm were interest-free. In 1676 Rosenthal consisted of 20 farmers, four gardeners and 22 cottagers . In 1775 a wooden schoolhouse was built.

In 1833 the village of Rosenthal in the Königgrätzer Kreis consisted of 134 houses in which 691 people lived. The main source of income was agriculture. There was a school, three mills, an inn and several ponds in the village. The village was parish to the parish church Braunau . The village remained subject to the Braunau monastery until the middle of the 19th century .

After the abolition of patrimonial formed Rosenthal / Rožmitál in 1849 with the hamlet Schweidnitzer Street (the north-easternmost houses of Straßenau ) a municipality in the judicial district of Braunau . In 1868 Rosenthal was assigned to the Braunau district . In 1883 a new stone schoolhouse was built in place of the wooden schoolhouse. In 1885 there were 767 people in Rosenthal , including 759 Germans and seven Czechs. At the beginning of the 20th century, the mining of Melaphyr began in two quarries on Langen Berg , the gravel works supplied the entire Braunau district with road gravel. The district of Schweidnitzer Straße was given the new name foxhouses at this time . In 1900 Rosenthal had 785 inhabitants, in 1913 there were 749 and in 1920 only 681. The open farm burned down on December 3, 1921; so the last timbered farm in Rosenthal was lost. In 1930 there were 684 people in the community. After the Munich Agreement , Rosental was added to the German Reich in autumn 1938 and belonged to the Braunau district until 1945 . In 1939 the population had dropped to 618. After the end of the Second World War, Rožmitál came back to Czechoslovakia and the German population was expelled .

In the course of the territorial reform of 1960 the Okres Broumov was abolished, since then Rožmitál has belonged to the Okres Náchod. In 1961 only 265 people lived in Rožmitál. Another melaphyr quarry was opened on the Homole hill in 1965. On July 1, 1966, Rožmitál was incorporated into Broumov. In 1991 Rožmitál had 173 inhabitants. In 2001 the village consisted of 86 houses and 172 inhabitants. The quarry on the Homole was closed in 2000. The operator, the agricultural cooperative Šonov, intended to resume the breach on Dlouhý vrch, the terrain of which, however, was now part of the protected area of ​​the Heidelgebirge. The mining permit was finally granted after the quarry company had promised to recultivate the old quarry and set up a nature trail.

Local division

The district Rožmitál forms a cadastral district. The scattered settlement of fox houses belongs to Rožmitál .

Attractions

  • Maria Hilf chapel, in Oberdorf at house number 53
  • Chapel of St. Florian from 1742, at the junction of the road to Šonov, it was renovated in 2000
  • Ruins of the chapel of St. Johannes von Nepomuk, in front of house number 33 in Niederdorf
  • Statue of St. John of Nepomuk, erected in 1784, in the fields
  • Statue of Maria Immaculata, erected in 1856
  • Statue of St. Sebastian, unveiled in 1999 on the occasion of the renovation of the old road from Rožmitál to Broumov
  • Stone obelisk, in the garden of house no.6
  • Numerous wayside crosses
  • Several three and four-sided courtyards
  • Nature trail in the quarry on the Homole, inaugurated in 2011
  • Dreiherrenstein, the boundary stone set in 1732 is located between Janovičky and Bartnica, on the northernmost part of the Rožmitáler Flur, on the border with Poland on the Leszyniec and marks the historical border between the monastery of Braunau, the Duchy of Schweidnitz and the County of Glatz . The coats of arms of Braunau Abbey, that of Hochberg and the owner of the Hausdorf estate are carved .

Web links

Commons : Rožmitál  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi/612821/Rozmital
  2. ^ Johann Gottfried Sommer , Franz Xaver Maximilian Zippe: The Kingdom of Böhmen. Statistically and topographically presented, vol. 4 Königgrätzer Kreis , Prague 1836, p. 181
  3. ↑ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Braunau district (Czech Broumov). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  4. ↑ https://www.czso.cz/documents/10180/20565661/13810901.pdf/3fde2441-c81b-4a1e-9b94-551e65007f70?version=1.0
  5. ↑ Stará částkomu v Rožmitále na Broumovsku slouží jako naučná stezka přírodních krás
  6. ↑ http://www.soupispamatek.com/okres_broumov/foto/rozmital/rozmital.htm
  7. ↑ http://www.muzeumhk.cz/clanky-otevreni-naucne-stezky-lom-rozmital.html