Jean I. d'Estrées

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jean I. d'Estrées, 19th century painting, Palace of Versailles

Jean I. d'Estrées (* 1486 in Cœuvres ; † shortly after October 23, 1571 ) was a French nobleman and military man. He was Seigneur d'Estrées, de Valieu ( Wailly ), de Cœuvres et de Viérey, (from 1558) Comte d ' Orbec , Baron de Doudeauville , and Viscount de Soissons .

Life

In the service of Franz I.

As the son of Antoine d'Estrées, Seigneur de Valieu, and Jeanne de La Cauchie, he was raised as a page to Queen Anne de Bretagne , and later was a soldier in the Charles de Vendômes company . He succeeded Adrien de Musarq de Pirotée as captain of a company of 155 Stratiotes and served in all of King Francis I's wars .

During a battle in the Italian Wars before 1515, he defended the wounded and fallen from his horse Jacques de Bourbon-Ligny and thus saved his life. This act will have brought about his short time later with Jacques' very young daughter Catherine (she was seven or eight years old), but hardly his military career as a member of this Bourbon sideline, which this only followed in the wake of King Henry II became significant when he was over 60 and his wife died.

End of the Italian Wars

When he was commissioned to fortify Mont Hulin near Desvres in Picardy in 1545 , he was captain of the Dauphin's guards , later King Henry II , which was confirmed when he ascended the throne. Henry II confirmed him as captain of the Paris Châtelet , a function that he had already unofficially exercised under Franz I. He was also given the post of Grand Master of the Artillery of France , which had been vacant since the resignation of Charles I. de Cossé, comte de Brissac ; he took his oath of office on July 18, 1550 before the Connétable of France Anne de Montmorency , who later became Duke of Montmorency . On November 3, 1550 he was plenipotentiary to the English ambassadors who were supposed to determine the boundaries of Boulonnais and the County of Guînes . Around this time he had the large Hotel d'Estrées built in Paris at 69 rue des Gravilliers.

On October 22, 1551 he was given the authority to fill vacancies in the artillery himself; the patent letters in which the king describes him as a “cousin” made him the “premier baron et sénéchal ” of Boulonnais. In 1556 he became a knight in the Ordre de Saint-Michel and captain of Folembray . On August 15, 1557 he succeeded Duke Jean de Bourbon as captain of 50 gens d'armes des ordonnances ; he took part in the siege of Calais of 1558 . In the same year he acquired the county of Orbec in the Bailliage Évreux . On March 30th, 1559 he was confirmed as Grand Master of Artillery by King Francis II , and on September 10th he became the captain of the fortress on Mont Hulin.

King Charles IX appointed him provisional governor of the Duchy of Orléans in 1562 on September 28, 1566 he was commissioned with the restoration of Folembray Castle, on June 24, 1568 with the establishment of a garrison of 20 soldiers at Mont Hulin Castle.

The Wars of Religion: Convert to the Reformation

Before 1515 he had married Catherine de Bourbon-Vendome-Ligny († 1538 in the Château de Vierzy ), from whom he had three children:

  • Antoine IV. D'Estrées , † May 11, 1609, Marquis de Cœuvres
  • Barbe d'Estrées; ∞ (1) NN de Pyrmont, Seigneur de Bulleux; ∞ (2) Jean de Broc, Seigneur de La Cour de Broc et de Villiers-aux-Fouriers; ∞ (3) René de Vendômois, Seigneur de Saint-Chamarand
  • Françoise, * around 1530; ∞ Philippe II. De Longueval, Seigneur d'Haraucourt et Cramailles, Chevalier de l'Ordre du Roi, Maître de la Garde-Robe d ' Antoine de Bourbon, roi de Navarre

Since his wife was a relative of Louis I de Bourbon-Condé , he converted to Calvinism and made a temple out of his house in Cœuvres. He died at the age of 85 shortly after October 23, 1571 and was buried in the parish church of Cœuvres.

literature

  • Éloge du comte d'Orbec , in: Jean Le Laboureur , Mémoires de Castelnau , volume p. 304.
  • Brantôme , Mémoires
  • Père Anselme , Histoire généalogiue et chronologique de la Maison Royale de France , Volume 8, Compagnie des Libraires Associés, page 180, Chapter XXIV - Des grands maîtres de l'artillerie de France
  • Maximilien Buffenoir, Trois siècles de vie française. La famille d'Estrées (1486-1771). Deuxième partie , Bulletin de la société historique et scientifique de Soissons, Volume 11, 4th series 1957–1960, pp. 23–24 ( online )

Web link

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ cf. Père Anselme, Volume 4, p. 596 on the Duchy and the Pairie d'Estrées
  2. ^ Illegitimate son of Jean VIII de Bourbon, comte de Vendôme
  3. ↑ Buffenoir, pp. 23-24
  4. ^ Folembray, October 24, 1545
  5. ↑ Saint-Germain-en-Laye , June 1, 1547, here he is referred to as Seigneur de Vierzy , premier baron de Boulonnais, capitaine des gardes du roi Henri II .
  6. ^ Saint-Germain-en-Laye, July 9, 1550
  7. ↑ together with M. de Villebon, Lieutenant-général in Picardy, M. de Passy, Maître des requêtes ordinaire at the Maison du Roi , and Jean de Monchy, Seigneur de Senarpont , Governor des Boulonnais
  8. ^ Panneau Histoire de Paris 69, rue des Gravilliers.
  9. ↑ Melun , April 4, 1562: “... pourvoyons notre amé et féal cousin Jehan d'Estrée, seigneur dudit lieu, chevalier de notre ordre, maître et capitaine général de notre artillery, & capitaine de cinquante hommes d'armes de nos ordonnances, en considération de ses recommandables services aux guerres et ailleurs, de l'office de lieutenant général en la ville d'Orléans, pour y commander & y résider pendant les troubles & mouvemens en l'absence du prince de la Rocheguyon, governor du duché d'Orléans. "
  10. ↑ Buffenoir, p. 9
personal data
SURNAME Estrées, Jean I. d '
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Comte d'Orbec, Marquis de Cœuvres,
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Grand Master of the Artillery of France
DATE OF BIRTH 1486
PLACE OF BIRTH Coeuvres
DATE OF DEATH October 23, 1571
Place of death Coeuvres