Johann Adolf (Bentheim-Tecklenburg)
Johann Adolf von Bentheim-Tecklenburg (born September 22, 1637 at Tecklenburg Castle ; † August 29, 1704 ) had been Count of Tecklenburg since 1674 and master of other possessions. During his time, the actual loss of the County of Tecklenburg falls.
family
He was the eldest son of the ruling Count Moritz von Bentheim-Tecklenburg (1615–1674) and his wife Johanna Dorothea von Anhalt-Dessau (1612–1695). He himself married Johanna Dorothea Countess to Lippe-Alverdissen (1649–1695) in 1664 . With this he had two daughters:
- Sophie Juliane
- Sophie Charlotte Juliane Mauritiana († after 1709)
Soon there was a serious marital conflict. The count accused his wife of a lewd lifestyle and adultery . Count Moritz had his daughter-in-law arrested at Hohenlimburg Castle. The divorce process before the consistory in Rheda dragged on for years until 1676.
He then married Charlotte Landgravine of Hessen-Eschwege , widowed Duchess of Saxony-Weissenfels (1653-1708), in 1679 . From this marriage there were two sons, one of whom died shortly after birth, and four daughters:
- Johann August (1680–1701)
- Sophie Johanna, Abbess to Elsey 1704–1716
- Charlotte
- Friederike Sophie († 1706)
- Karl Moritz (* / † 1689)
- Eleonore Julie Friederike († 1708)
In 1693 he divorced his second wife Charlotte.
Life
In his poor health childhood he was raised by a tutor . In 1655 he went on his Grand Tour to the Netherlands , France and Italy . After a short return home, he traveled to France again. He was there when Louis XIV married the Infanta Maria Teresa of Spain .
Soon after taking over the rule, he included his brother Friedrich Moritz in the government. In 1680 he transferred the administration of the County of Limburg and the dominions of Wevelinghoven and Gronau to him . A year later the property was divided. Johannes Adolf kept the county of Tecklenburg and the rule of Rheda . Friedrich Moritz got Limburg, Wevelinghoven and Gronau.
In 1688, the count did not prevent the citizens from driving the Jews out of Rheda. He was religiously intolerant of both Catholics and Lutherans . He forbade his own wife to worship.
An inheritance dispute with the Solms-Braunfels family that had been smoldering for generations was decided in 1686 by the Imperial Court of Justice to the detriment of the Bentheim-Tecklenburg family . Three eighths of the county of Tecklenburg and the rule of Rheda should fall to Solms-Braunfels. In addition, there was the payment of the lost income. The attempt to counter this with an appeal procedure was unsuccessful. After about ten years the judgment was confirmed and the Westphalian Reichskreis was authorized to enforce the implementation by force if necessary. Finally, Johann Adolf renounced the Tecklenburg castle and three quarters of the Tecklenburg county and a quarter of the Rheda rule. The government should be carried out jointly by both noble houses. The settlement was confirmed by the Reich Chamber of Commerce in 1699. In the year 1700 the two fiefdoms of the Landgrave of Hesse were also withdrawn.
Johann Adolf handed over his possessions and the government to his son Johann August (1680–1701) and arranged with him the marriage between his son and a daughter from the Solms-Braunfels family. Friedrich Moritz appealed to the Reichshofrat against the settlement with Solms-Braunfels . This contradicted the ruling of the Reich Chamber of Commerce, which ruled out the appeal to other courts. In 1701, Brandenburg troops occupied the county of Tecklenburg to enforce the Reich Chamber Court judgment. A short time later, on April 15, 1701, their son Johann August died.
Johann Adolf gave up his affair and transferred the rule of Rheda to his brother Friedrich Moritz . In the aftermath he hardly appeared.
literature
- Hans-Joachim Böckenholt: Castle and rule Rheda . Rhode Druck und Verlag, Harsewinkel-Marienfeld 1979, ISBN 3-921961-02-8 , p. 34
- Hermann Schaub: The rule of Rheda and their residence city. From the beginning to the end of the Old Empire (= publications from the Gütersloh district archive. Vol. 10). Publishing house for regional history, Bielefeld 2006, ISBN 3-89534-610-1 , pp. 99-103.
- Stephanie Marra : Alliances of the nobility: Dynastic action in the Grafenhaus Bentheim in the 16th and 17th centuries. Cologne u. a., 2007, ISBN 3-412-31105-7 .
Web links
- Princely House of Bentheim-Tecklenburg → History
- Entry on his-data
- Lines Bentheim-Tecklenburg (English)
- Document requests from the Princely Archive Rheda / Digital Westphalian Document Database (DWUD)
Individual evidence
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Moritz |
Count of Bentheim-Tecklenburg 1674–1686 / 99 1699–1700 in the condominium |
(3/4) Wilhelm Moritz von Solms-Braunfels (1/4) Johann August († 1701), then Friedrich Moritz von Bentheim-Tecklenburg |
| Moritz |
Herr von Rheda 1674–1699 1699–1701 in the condominium |
(to 3/4) Friedrich Moritz von Bentheim-Tecklenburg (to 1/4) Wilhelm Moritz von Solms-Braunfels |
| Moritz |
Count of Limburg 1674–1680 / 81 |
Friedrich Moritz |
Counts of Limburg 1242–1400: Dietrich | Eberhard I. | Dietrich III. | Dietrich IV.
Counts of Limburg-Broich 1400–1508: Dietrich V. | Wilhelm I. | Wilhelm II. | Dietrich VI. | Heinrich | Johann
Count of Daun-Falkenstein 1508–1546: Wirich V.
Count of Neuenahr 1442–1610: Gumprecht II. | Gumprecht III. | Gumprecht IV. | Hermann (regency) | Adolf | Amalia | Magdalena
Count of Bentheim-Tecklenburg 1610–1817: Konrad Gumprecht | Johannetta Elisabeth of Nassau-Dillenburg (Regency) | Moritz | Johann Adolf | Friedrich Moritz | Moritz Casimir I. | Moritz Casimir II. | Moritz Casimir III. | Emil Friedrich I.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Johann Adolf |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Bentheim-Tecklenburg, Johann Adolf von (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Count of Tecklenburg and Limburg, Lord of Rheda |
| DATE OF BIRTH | September 22, 1637 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Tecklenburg Castle |
| DATE OF DEATH | August 29, 1704 |