Johann Christoph Wendland

Commemorative plaque for the Wendland families, attached to the library pavilion in front of the Berggarten in 1948

Passiflora alata drawn by Wendland

Johann Christoph Wendland (born July 17, 1755 in Landau , † July 27, 1828 in Herrenhausen ) was a German botanist and garden inspector of the Herrenhausen Gardens . Its official botanical author abbreviation is “ JCWendl. "

Career

Wendland was born as the son of the court gardener Wendland, who worked for the Prince of Löwenstein-Wertheim . With such a burden, Wendland learned gardening in the pleasure garden of Karlsruhe Palace for four years from the court gardener Johann Bernhard Saul there and then went to the Hessian court in Kassel in the Bergpark Wilhelmshöhe . In 1780 he got his first permanent job as a gardener in the Herrenhausen Gardens. The Swiss botanist and director of the Herrenhausen Gardens, Jakob Friedrich Ehrhart, imparted his botanical knowledge to him .

Wendland, who initially supervised the greenhouses and orangeries and was responsible for the (Hawaiian) pineapple culture , was promoted to garden inspector in 1817. His specialty later became the cultivation of vines and peach trees. His lively writing activity was accompanied by a talent for drawing. All illustrations of his works were drawn or etched by himself.

family

In 1787, Wendland married Marie Magdalene Nonne, a native of Hanover († April 29, 1792).

In 1796, Wendland married Marianne Wilhelmi for the second time, daughter of the court jeweler Johann Conrad Wilhelmi , who owned an orchard made up of 1200 trees that had been laid out in 1791. Wilhelmi's brother still ran a tree nursery with around 8,000 trees in 1817. Wilhelmi's brother ran a tree nursery with around 8000 trees and was the first to mold types of fruit in wax in order to create fruit cabinets for more precise systematization. Wilhelmi concentrated on the lesser-known varieties, some of which came from England, and which were planted in the Royal Plantation .

Wendland's son Heinrich Ludolph Wendland and his grandson Hermann Wendland also became gardeners in Herrenhausen. The family worked there from 1780 to 1903.

Fonts

• Hortus Herrenhusanus , 1788–1801
• Johann Christoph Wendland, Heinrich Adolf Schrader : Sertum Hannoveranum ... , 1795
• Directory of the glass and greenhouse plants of the Royal Mountain Garden in Herrenhausen. 1797
• Botanical observations along with some new genera and species. 1798
• Ericarum icones et descriptiones / Illustration and description of the pagans , 1798–1823 (26 booklets)
• Collectio plantarum tam exoticarum quam indigenarum. 3 volumes up to 1819

literature

• Friedrich August Schmidt (Ed.): New Nekrolog der Deutschen , 6th year, part 2, printed and published by Bernhard Friedrich Voigt , Ilmenau 1830, p. 595ff .; Digitized via Google books
• Ernst Wunschmann:  Wendland, Johann Christoph . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 41, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1896, p. 717 f.
• Gerhard Wagenitz : The Herrenhausen Herbarium (excerpt)
• Wilhelm Rothert , A. Rothert, M. Peters: Hannoversche Biographie , Vol. 3: Hannover under the Kurhut , Hannover 1916, p. 522
• KH Meyer: Royal Gardens. Three hundred years of Herrenhausen , 1966, pp. 236–257
• Rainer Schomann (Ed.), Urs Boeck : Historical Gardens in Lower Saxony , catalog for the state exhibition, opening on June 9, 2000 in the foyer of the Lower Saxony State Parliament, on the occasion of the state exhibition "Historical Gardens in Lower Saxony". Hanover, 2000.
• Helmut Knocke : WENDLAND, (3) Johann Christoph. In: Dirk Böttcher , Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein, Hugo Thielen : Hannoversches Biographisches Lexikon . From the beginning to the present. Schlütersche, Hannover 2002, ISBN 3-87706-706-9 , p. 383.
• Helmut Knocke: Wendland, (3) Johann Christoph. In: Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein (eds.) U. a .: City Lexicon Hanover . From the beginning to the present. Schlütersche, Hannover 2009, ISBN 978-3-89993-662-9 , p. 670.

Web links

• Author entry and list of the plant names described for Johann Christoph Wendland at the IPNI

Sources and Notes

1. ^ Johannes Christoph Wendland. A famous botanist and gardener from Alt-Landau. - Palatinate. Homeland. 15, 1964, pp. 134-36.
2. ↑ Rheinpfalz, Landau. 20, no. 26 v. January 31, 1964 a. No. 31 v. February 6, 1964.
3. ^ Rudolf Fendler: The famous gardener and botanist Johann Christoph Wendland. - Rheinpfalz, Landau. - 45 (1989), 8 of 10.1 .; 10 dated January 12, 1989
4. ↑ The principality also had property in Alsace until 1803 .
5. ^ Johann Christian Sachs: Introduction to the history of the Marggravschaft and the Marggravlichen House of Baden. Karlsruhe, 1773. Part five, page 350
6. ^ ^{A b} Friedrich August Schmidt (Ed.): New Nekrolog der Deutschen , 6th year, part 2, printed and published by Bernhard Friedrich Voigt, Ilmenau 1830, p. 595ff .; Digitized via Google books
7. ↑ ^{a b c} D. Johann Georg Krünitz 's economic-technological encyclopedia , or general system of state, town, house and agriculture, as well as the description of the earth, art and natural history, in alphabetical order. Continued by Friedrich Jacob Floerken, now by Heinrich Gustav Flörke , 103rd part, Brno: Joseph Georg Traßler, 1817; P. 294; Digitized via Google books
8. ^ History of horticulture in all its branches from the earliest times to the present. Adapted from the sources by Carl Schöpfer , LF Dietrich , Leipzig: Ernst Schäfer, 1863, p. 134; Digitized via Google books
9. ↑ ^{a b} Helmut Knocke: Wendland, (3) ... (see literature)