Johann Feser

Johann Feser

Johann Feser (born February 17, 1841 in Würzburg , † October 18, 1896 in Munich ) was a German veterinarian and university professor.

Feser's achievements are in the field of the scientification of veterinary training and the organization of the veterinary status. Feser published numerous papers on veterinary chemistry ( biochemistry ), pharmacology and physiology . One focus of his scientific work was microbiology . He published numerous works on anthrax and is considered to be the discoverer of the intoxicant pathogen . Feser earned further services in the scientific underpinning of dairy farming and cattle breeding . He invented a device for determining the fat content of milk ( lactoscope ).

Life

Johann Feser was the son of master butcher Johann Georg Feser (1804–1845) and his wife Gertrud (1812–1858), née Schön. His father died when Johann Feser was four years old. His mother remarried, the butcher's assistant Philipp Fritz. Johann Feser did not have a good relationship with his stepfather.

Johann Feser attended elementary school in Würzburg. In addition, he received private lessons in Latin and was able to attend the Royal District Agriculture and Trade School in Würzburg . In 1857 he went to Munich, where he began training at the royal Bavarian Central-Thierarzneischule in Munich . Since Feser's application for a state scholarship had been rejected and his stepfather would have preferred that he became a butcher and therefore gave him little maintenance, Feser had to get by on little money. He was considered a hardworking student. Feser's mother died in 1858; Johann Feser couldn't afford to travel to her funeral. In 1860 Feser graduated with top marks.

Feser completed his compulsory internship year at the Strauss District Veterinarian in Haßfurt in Lower Franconia . At this time Feser published his first specialist article ( The practical year of the veterinary candidates of Bavaria , Thierärztliche Mittheilungen, I. Heft, 1862, p. 12). In May 1861 Feser was hired as an assistant at the internal clinic of the Munich Veterinary School. In October 1861, Feser began trips to veterinary schools in Vienna , Dresden , Berlin and Hanover , which he had to interrupt in November to take his practical state examination, which he achieved "with excellent distinction". Feser stayed longer in Vienna and made friends with several scientists. He also wrote a scientific paper about this stay ( Die Thierarzneischule in Vienna in 1861. Extract from a travel report. Thierärztliche Mittheilungen, Ift. I, 1863, pp. 45–94; III., 1863, pp. 238–248).

From September 1862 to October 1864 Feser was a repetitor at the Veterinary School in Munich. He began to prepare his first scientific publications and used every free hour to deepen his knowledge. He worked in the laboratories of Liebig , Jolly , Nägeli , Volhard , Buchner , Voit and others.

In January 1865 Feser accepted an appointment at the Zurich Veterinary School, where he became a prosector and clinical assistant. Later he also gave lectures on botany and "animal chemistry". From 1866 he was back in Munich to take over lectures from Georg Niklas, who had died in 1865.

In the German war served as Feser Divisional Veterinary in the fourth Chevaulegers regiment . The outcome of the war with the Peace of Prague depressed Feser. He had hoped for a Greater German solution .

Feser was at the Königliche Central-Thierarzneischule (from 1890 Royal Veterinary College , today the Veterinary Faculty of the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich ) from June 1867 until the year of his death as a full professor of animal breeding and stud science , obstetrics , drug theory , general therapy, chemistry and physics.

In September 1867, Johann Feser married the then 16-year-old Elisabeth (Elise) Katharina Theresia Lindemer (1851–1917), with whom he had fourteen children, five of whom did not survive childhood. The sons Hermann (1874–1906) and Armin (1875–1940) also became veterinarians. The latter carried the title of senior veterinary councilor.

As a substitute for a habilitation thesis , Feser presented the work “Die animalischen Eiweißkörper und their descendants” (Thierärztliche Mittheilungen, XV. Issue 1868, pp. 1-78, XVII. Issue 1870, pp. 1-77).

In 1870/71 Feser served again as a soldier, this time as a "Division veterinary doctor for the duration of the war" in the 2nd field artillery regiment "Brodesser" . From that time on, Feser suffered from a chronic disease of the airways.

In 1872 Feser turned down the appointment to a professorship at the veterinary school in Stuttgart. On the occasion of a congress of German veterinarians in Frankfurt in August 1872, Feser called for veterinary lessons to be transferred to the universities, or at least for the scientific reorganization of "animal medicine".

In 1873 Feser fell ill with cholera , which was rampant in Munich. As a precaution, he brought his family to Inning am Ammersee .

Feser was committed to the organization of his profession. In 1874, as the secretary of the "Association of Munich Veterinarians", he invited all 30 veterinary organizations known at the time to create a joint association for all veterinarians. The establishment of the German Veterinary Council (DVR) as a nationwide professional organization was decided in April 1874 at a meeting of delegates in Berlin. Feser's preparations for this merger had already begun in 1870. Feser founded a support association for the surviving dependents of Bavarian veterinarians.

Feser was interested in animal diseases and how to combat them. In 1875 Feser became head of the therapeutic experimental station set up especially for him at the Munich Veterinary School. He also got a station in Lenggries near Bad Tölz , where he was engaged in research into anthrax . Feserr introduced in 1875 together with Otto Bollinger noted that the blackleg not by Bacillus anthracis is caused, but by another pathogen. This was later identified by Saturnin Arloing as Clostridium chauvoei ( syn. C. feseri ). In addition, Feser published numerous papers on anthrax. The state subsidy for the station in Lenggries was canceled in 1879. As early as 1878, in addition to his teaching activities, Feser also worked at the new epidemic testing station, which was under the direction of Ludwig Franck . Further work on erysipeloid , foot and mouth disease and tuberculosis in cattle followed later .

In 1880 Feser was given an additional position as "traveling teacher for agricultural animal breeding and consultant for dairy in the Kingdom of Bavaria". As early as 1878 he had invented a milk fat tester ("Feser's Laktoskop "). From 1882 to 1889, Feser held an annual dairy course together with Franz von Soxhlet . After Ludwig Franck's death, Feser also had to hold lectures in his subjects (obstetrics and agricultural animal breeding). Feser made numerous trips to agricultural exhibitions and businesses.

From 1888 Feser had to reduce his numerous activities taking into account his state of health. Nevertheless, in 1891 a new institute for pharmacology was opened at the University of Veterinary Medicine and placed under Feser's direction. From 1892 he was able to hand over parts of his extensive lecture catalog; from 1894 he gave up the function of traveling teacher and consultant. On October 18, 1896, Feser died of the consequences of a cavernous lung tuberculosis . He was buried on October 20th with the great sympathy of the family, numerous schoolchildren, colleagues and students at the veterinary college, representatives of agriculture and the ministries. The husband of his second oldest daughter took over the guardianship of the underage children.

Honors

Feser was Knight First Class of the Order of Merit of St. Michael .

For his work as an officer in the Bavarian army, he received the army memorial and the German war memorial 1870/71.

In November 1927, the Munich city council decided to name a street after Johann Feser. Today it belongs to the Milbertshofen-Am Hart district .

In 1948, the causative agent of the Feser intoxication fire was named in honor of Clostridium feseri . The pathogen is now known as Clostridium chauvoei .

Works

• The value of the existing milk samples for the milk police, explained after mostly own investigations and special consideration of the new Vogel's method. EA Fleischmann's Buchhandlung, Munich, 1866
• Textbook of theoretical and practical chemistry for doctors, veterinarians and pharmacists - According to the latest views of science and taking into account the Pharmacopoeia Germanica valid for the entire German Empire. Berlin, published by August Hirschwald, 1873
• The necessity of reforming veterinary education in Germany, proven by the history of the Munich Veterinary School. Berlin, A. Hirschwald, 1873
• On the reform of veterinary education in Bavaria. J. Gottewinter and Mössl, Munich 1874
• The anthrax in the Upper Bavarian Alps. Observations about it on the spot with experimental investigations and historical and statistical notes. Th. Ackermann, Munich 1877
• The police control of the market milk. Lectures for Veterinarians, Series I, 1878
• Common instructions for raising beef. Written to promote cattle breeding and dedicated to German farmers. Bremen, M. Heinsius, 1883
• Pure breeding of the red-yellow Franconian or dummy field cattle, justified and explained for the Franconian cattle breeders. Published by the General Committee of the Agricultural Association in Bavaria, 1889
• The breeding method suitable for the Upper Palatinate cattle breeding. M. Wasner, Regensburg, 1889
• Dairy. In: Agriculture in Bavaria. R. Oldenbourg, Munich, 1890
• The meat supply of the city of Vienna. M. Posenbachersche Buchdruckerei, Munich, 1891
• The new Lactoscop (milk tester). Munich undated

literature

• A. Lydtin. Johann Feser. Archive for Scientific and Practical Animal Medicine, 23rd Volume, Berlin, 1897, pp. I – XXIV
• Rainer Grimm. The fight against intoxicating fire and other plagues on Bavarian alpine pastures by Johann Feser (1841–1896). In: German Veterinary Society. Animal Microbiology Highlights. 13th conference of the specialist group “History of Veterinary Medicine”, 2005. Proceedings p. 132 ff.
• H. Long. Johann Feser (1841-1896). A biobibliography. Diss. Med. vet. Munich 1991.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} pedigree hoefer-murer.de. Archived from the original on February 6, 2013 ; Retrieved April 10, 2010 . 
2. ↑ Ahnentafel hoefer-murer.de ( Memento from May 17, 2006 in the Internet Archive )
3. ↑ J.Peters and V.Weidenhöfer. History of the veterinary faculty in Munich
4. ↑ vetmed.uni-muenchen.de: The professors and their teaching duties (1852-1890)
5. ↑ Ahnentafel hoefer-murer.de ( Memento from February 5, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
6. ↑ G. Pschorn, A. Stoltenhoff, W. Klee. Organization and history of the veterinary profession. ( Memento from February 15, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
7. ↑ A. Lydtin. Johann Feser. Archive for Scientific and Practical Thierheilkunde, 23rd volume, Berlin, 1897, p. VII quoted from H. Lange. Johann Feser (1841-1896). A biobibliography. Diss. Med. vet. Munich 1991. p. 25
8. ↑ Studies on the so-called intoxicating beef. Journal for practical veterinary sciences, Volume IV, No. 1, Jan. 1876, pp. 13-26, no. 3, March 1876, pp. 103-122.
9. ^ The Winning of Animal Health. 100 Years of Veterinary Medicine. Reviewed by Leon Z. Saunders In: Can Vet J Volume 36, October 1995 PMC 1687139 (free full text)
10. ↑ RS Breed et al. Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology. The Williams & Wilkins Company, Baltimore 1948, quoted from H. Lange. Johann Feser (1841-1896). A biobibliography. Diss. Med. vet. Munich 1991. p. 81