Johann Friedrich Gottlob von Brause

Johann Friedrich Gottlob von Brause (born May 2, 1763 in Radefeld ; † January 1, 1820 in Freiberg ) was a Lutheran theologian and superintendent of Eckartsberga and Freiberg.

family

• see also: Brause (noble family)

He was the son of the Radefeld pastor and later superintendent of Oschatz Johann Carl Friedrich von Brause . In 1786 he married Friederike Charlotte Wilhelmine von Plötz (1762–1796) from Görlitz , a daughter of the Electoral Saxon captain Gottlob Friedrich von Plötz and his wife Louise Sophie von Warnsdorf from the Tauchritz house . After the early death of his first wife, the widower married the daughter of Christian Heinrich Hofmann, the pastor of Maxen at the time, in 1797 . When she died in 1810, he married the daughter of the Freiberg archdeacon a year later in third marriageM. Pistorius. Von Brause left three children from the first and four children from the second marriage. These include the Royal Saxon Major and Secret War Councilor Johann Friedrich Wilhelm von Brause (1790–1842), the Royal Saxon Captain and member of the General Court of Justice College Christian Wilhelm Ludwig von Brause (* 1795) and the geodesist and writer Bruno von Brause (* 1809 ).

Career

He received his first lessons from his father and various tutors. At the Oschatz City School, he was prepared for admission to the St. Afra State School , which he attended from 1775. From 1781 he studied theology and philosophy at the University of Leipzig . He was a student of Ernst Platner , Christian Daniel Beck , Samuel Friedrich Nathanael Morus , Johann Gottlieb Theophil Bosseck and Johann August Dathe . In addition, von Brause was an enthusiastic listener of Georg Joachim Zollikofer's sermons . In 1784 he passed his candidate exam in Dresden and received his first job as pastor of Heynitz the following year . In addition to his parish work, he was able to devote himself to further studies, in particular to reading the Greek and Roman classics. In 1788 he was appointed fourth deacon at the parish church in Wittenberg . There he was on friendly terms with Franz Volkmar Reinhard , Johann Matthias Schröckh and Karl Ludwig Nitzsch . From 1796 he held the position of superintendent in Eckhardsberga. On September 29, 1800 he was appointed pastor primarius and superintendent of Freiberg. There he devoted himself to reforming school teaching. In 1810 he was accepted into the St. Johannis Masonic Lodge on the Three Mountains . From 1814 he held the office of master from the chair . On the evening of New Year's Day in 1820, von Brause died after a long illness and, according to his wishes, was buried in the church at Freiberg Cathedral next to his second wife and several of his children who had died young.

Act

Already in his inaugural sermon and in his letter to the subordinate clergy of his district at the beginning of the new century, he emphasized the future main concern of his work, the concern for good schools. In such he saw the basis for a permanent welfare of the state and its citizens. As a result, von Brause carried out numerous reforms in his capacity as the highest school overseer in his district. He promoted tutoring for high school students, established a higher education institution for boys who did not prepare for scientific studies, and paid special attention to rural schools . In order to implement his reforms, he carried out extensive inspections of the schools in his church district even before the general duty of visitation introduced by the ordinance of May 17, 1816. He suggested that the children of the rural schools should be taught according to grades, promoted teaching on the basis of textbooks, and demanded that teachers and preachers keep curricula and teaching protocols, which he used for statistical evaluations. He took care of the modernization of the school houses and classrooms. An important concern for him was the sufficient salary of the teaching staff in order to prevent possible dependencies on the village community. In addition, he campaigned for the establishment of teacher training centers and for the continuous further training of teachers, for example by using the not inconsiderable proceeds of his publications for this purpose. He determined the income from the catechism he published for the benefit of the country school teacher widow fund. His ten printed circular sermons for the clergy in his district contained important exegetical and pastoral-practical instructions. As a leading member of the lodge, he was instrumental in setting up the Freiberg Sunday School , where 70 apprentices and journeymen regularly received free arithmetic, writing and drawing lessons. He made no secret of his displeasure with the political situation in Saxony during the Napoleonic Wars . In a sermon forced on him in 1813 on the occasion of Napoleon's birth , he wished the emperor luck “in turns and under conditions from which it clearly emerged that he could and should never wish him luck except when he wanted to become a peacemaker and a just ruler. "

List of his works (selection)

• Sermon at the introduction of the new Dresden hymn book: delivered to a congregation in Thuringia . Naumburg 1799.
• The effects which the humble mind of a Christian teacher and his congregation produces when entering into a mutual union. Inaugural sermon, delivered on the 17th Sunday after Trinity 1800 in Freyberg Cathedral . Johann Christoph Friedrich Gerlach, Freiberg 1800.
• Viris maxime et plurimum reuerendis amplissimis, doctissimis Archidiacono, Protomystis, Adjunctis, Pastoribus, Diaconis, verbi divini in dioecesi Freybergensi ministris saeculi decimi noni auspicia amicissime gratulatur… , type. Gerlachii, Freybergae 1801.
• D. Martin Luther's little catechism with an appendix . Johann Christoph Friedrich Gerlach, Freiberg 1807 (4th edition 1817).
• Epistolae ephorales quas in annorum 1801–1808 primordiis ad Religionis christianae doctores Dioecesi Freybergensi adscriptos dedit Joannes Fridericus a Brause, Dioeceseos Ephorus . Type. Gerlachii, Freybergae Saxon. 1808.
• Epistolae ephorales quas in annorum 1809–1810 primordiis ad Religionis christianae doctores Dioecesi Freybergensi adscriptos dedit Joannes Fridericus a Brause, Dioeceseos Ephorus . Type. Gerlachii, Freybergae Saxon. 1810.
• Expositiones de officiis doctoris Christiani ex ipsis Christi et apostolorum dictis actisque depromtarum . Type. Gerlachii, Freybergae 1806-1810.
• De fide doctoris christiani, inter coelites recepti, beatitate, eademque eximia ac prope singulari epistola, quam anni 1811 primordiis ad Religionis christianae doctores Dioecesi Freybergensi adscriptos dedit , Typ. Gerlachii, Freybergae 1811.
• Epistolae ephoralis anni 1811, dedit Joannes Fridericus a Brause, Dioeceseos Ephorus , type. Gerlachii, Freybergae Saxon. 1808.
• Carl August Grebitz (Ed.): Sermon at the 9th Sunday after Trinit. In 1815 there was a solemn inauguration of the church in Roßwein, held by the Superintendent von Brause zu Freiberg, and a description of the celebrations that took place . Baumann's heirs, Leisnig 1815.
• Epistolae ephoralis anni 1819, dedit Joannes Fridericus a Brause, Dioeceseos Ephorus , type. Gerlachii, Freybergae Saxon. 1820.

literature

• Johann Gottfried Biedermann: Sr. Reverend Mr. M. Johann Friedrich v. Dedicated to Brause at the start of the superintendent's position in Freyberg ...: Are the complaints about the generally reduced respect for the preaching status fair? . Oldecop, Oschatz 1800.
• Samuel Gottlob Frisch: Biographical news about Johann Friedrich von Brause, pastor primarius, superintendent and first school inspector in Freyberg . Johann Christoph Friedrich Gerlach, Freiberg 1820.
• Johann Georg Meusel (Ed.): The learned Teutschland or lexicon of the now living German writers . 5th increased and improved edition. 17th volume. Meyersche Hof bookstore, Lemgo 1820, p. 240 ( digitized version in the Google book search).
• Reinhold Grünberg (edit.): Saxon Pastors' Book , Freiberg 1940.

Web links

• Literature by and about Johann Friedrich Gottlob von Brause in the catalog of the German National Library

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Excerpt from the baptismal register of the Radeberg parish: “To me, the Pastori, my dear wife, d. May 2nd, a son was born and on the 6th with the name: Johann Friedrich Gottlob was baptized by me. The following were invited to witness: 1) St. Rudolph Friedrich v. Wichmannshausen, pastor prim. u. von der Superintendenz Delitzsch 2) The Hochwohlgeb: Fräulein Maximiliana Magdalena von Breitenbauch, the tit. Hochw. H. v. Breitenbauch, weyl. Kgl. Polish Elector Saxon. Privy Rath u. maitre de plaisier left Miss. Daughter 3) St. Hans Carl v. Brause, Kgl.-Poln.-Churfürstl. Saxon. Highly appointed captain with the degree on foot, my dear absent St. Cousin 4) St. Carl Christian Habermaaß, well-deserved pastor of Lützschena a. Hänichen, my Holy Confessor 5) Jungf. Johanna Charlotte, St. Carl Christoph Zandts, P. prim. u. Superint. zu Oschatz, my holy father-in-law, the only daughter of another marriage, as my beloved wife's sister, also absent ” (source: marriage, baptism and death registration of the parish of Radefeld 1749–1800)
2. ↑ The effects which the humble mind of a Christian teacher and his congregation produces when entering into a mutual union. Inaugural sermon, delivered on the 17th Sunday after Tr. 1800, Gerlach, Freiberg 1800
3. ↑ D. Martin Luther's little catechism with an appendix , Gerlach, Freiberg 1807 saw a total of four editions of 5000 copies each.
4. ^ Samuel Gottlob Frisch : Biographical news about Johann Friedrich von Brause, who was pastor primarius, superintendent and first school inspector in Freyberg , printed by Johann Christoph Friedrich Gerlach, Freiberg 1820, p. 18