Johann Günther Friedrich Cannabich

Johann Günther Friedrich Cannabich

Johann Günther Friedrich Cannabich (born April 21, 1777 in Sondershausen ; † March 3, 1859 there ) was a German geographer , pastor and teacher .

Surname

The surname Cannabich comes from southern Germany and Austria . It has also been represented in Moscow since the 18th century . Etymologically , "kanna" indicates swamp, water and mold. The ending "bich" means Bach.

Life

Cannabich was born the first of five children. His father Gottfried Christian Cannabich was a theologian . The mother was a daughter of the Franconian pastor Johann Friedrich Manniske . As a son, as has been the norm for generations in the Cannabich family, he received home schooling in the first years of school. The cosmopolitan parsonage and the study of geographical writings by well-known authors at the time - such as Büsching , Heynatz and Villaume  - aroused geographical interest at Cannabich at an early stage. At the age of 14 he wrote a geographical description of Germany.

In 1794 he began studying Protestant theology at the Friedrichs University in Halle . There he heard Johann Gottlieb Fichte and the theologian Johann Jakob Griesbach .

After completing his studies, he took on a tutor position in Düna in 1797 and in Schotten (city) on the Vogelsberg in 1802 . From Daugava he explored northern Germany through extensive hikes. Schotten was the starting point for his trips to the Rhine region and Alsace and Westphalia .

In 1806 he received an appointment to the Latin school in Greußen . In 1819 he got the pastor's post in Niederbösa . Since writing geographic books took a lot of time, he looked for a job that gave him the freedom he needed. He found her in 1835 in Bendeleben as a representative of the pastor there. After his death in 1838 he became the owner of the pastor's office. The conditions in Bendeleben were very favorable for his sideline activity as a writer. The landowner Major Johann Jacob Freiherr von Uckermann (1763-1836) became his sponsor and made his library of 9,000 volumes available. At the age of 71, Cannabich resigned and moved to Sondershausen in 1848. He died shortly before his 82nd birthday.

family

With an income of 300 thalers in money and in kind , he was able to marry the daughter Elsa of tax secretary Müller in Schotten in 1808 . They had seven children, of whom only one son and daughter survived their parents.

Cannabich's children

Christian Ludwig Carl (1809-1853), pastor in Westerengel

Christian Friedrich August Eduard (1811–1877), senior councilor

• His daughter Friederike Marie (1841-1917) married the geologist and palaeontologist Heinrich Adolf von Eck in 1871

Wilhelm August Robert (1817-1824)

Jeanette Victoria Mathilde (1819-1884)

Elose Albertine Auguste (1826–1845)

Fonts

The Congress of Vienna set new borders in 1815. As a result, there was a need for geographical literature. Cannabich therefore wrote the textbook of geography according to the latest peace regulations in 1816 (published by Bernhard Friedrich Voigt, Sondershausen). The work had 18 editions with over 79,500 copies by 1867. It was revised in two volumes from 1871–1875 by Friedrich Maximilian Oertel. In 1818 the small school geography or first lesson in the description of the earth appeared for the lower and middle classes in 20 editions with 85,000 copies.

• Textbook of geography according to the latest peace regulations . 8th, corrected and enlarged edition. Sondershausen 1821, urn : nbn: de: hbz: 061: 1-73991
• Compiler of the Complete Handbook of Earth Descriptions , 23 volumes. Weimar 1819-1827
• Author of the 6th and 23rd volumes of the latest country and ethnology . Weimar 1821 and 1827
• with Georg Hassel : Complete and most recent earth description of the kingdom of Mexico, Guatemala and the West Indies . Weimar 1824
• Statistical and geographical description of the Kingdom of Prussia , 6 volumes. Dresden 1827/28; new edition 1835
• Statistical description of the Kingdom of Württemberg , 2 volumes. Dresden 1828
• Latest paintings from France , 2 volumes. Dresden 1831/32
• Latest paintings from European Russia and the Kingdom of Poland , 2 volumes. Dresden 1833. GoogleBooks
• Auxiliary book for teaching geography , 3 volumes. Eisleben 1833-1838; 2nd edition 1844
• Schlez's short presentation of the country and ethnology , complete revision. Giessen 1843
• Guide to methodical instruction in geography or first geographic course for use in the lowest grades of high schools and for civic schools . Eisleben 1830

Honors

On November 26, 1920, the Association for German History and Archeology in Sondershausen installed a memorial plaque on his house (Pfarrstrasse 3, Sondershausen), which is still there today. The panel was designed by the artist Ernst Schedensack (1865–1925) with garlands and laurel branches and cast in the Wiedaer Hütte . It bears the inscription :

IN THIS HOUSE THE GEOGRAPHER JOHANN GÜNTHER FRIEDRICH CANNABICH WAS BORN ON APRIL 21, 1777

The former Goethestrasse in Sondershausen has had his name since 2000.

literature

• Helmut Köhler, Wilhelm May: Johann Günther Friedrich Cannabich (1777-1859) . Series: Personalities in Sondershausen . Cultural Office of the City Administration of Sondershausen, 2001.
• Püstrich, bulletin of the history and antiquity association for Sondershausen and the surrounding area e. V. , July 17, 1904
• Julius Löwenberg :  Cannabich, Johann Günther Friedrich . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 3, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1876, p. 761 f.
• Cannabich, Johann Günther Friedrich . In: Meyers Konversations-Lexikon . 4th edition. Volume 3, Verlag des Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig / Vienna 1885–1892, p. 781.
• Entry in the Brockhaus Conversations Lexicon , 8th edition. 1833, volume 2, p. 420 f.
• Th. Ed. Keyser: JG Fr. Cannabich in his life and in his literary effectiveness . Nordhausen 1854. GoogleBooks

Web links

Commons : Johann Günther Friedrich Cannabich  - Collection of images, videos and audio files