Johann Georg Carl von Hannig

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Johann Gerorg Carl Frh. Hannig as local director of MilAk

Johann Georg Carl von Hannig , since 1758 Baron Hannig , (* 1709 / 1710 in Neisse , † 1784 in Vienna ) was an Austrian field marshal lieutenant .

origin

It comes from a line of the Bohemian Wladiken family of the Hannigs , who settled in what is now Saxony . After the introduction of the Reformation in Saxony, the family fled to Silesia "out of laudable Catholic religious zeal" . During the Thirty Years War in the first incident was Sweden in Silesia the family fortune by looting and arson destroyed so strongly that it was no longer possible for members to pay for their maintenance. Many of Carl's line sought their livelihood in the imperial military , most of the others served the bishops of Breslau and Neisse primarily as hunters . So did Carl's father, who was an Oberjäger under Bishop Franz Ludwig von Pfalz-Neuburg . In general, it can be said that the family consequently had to disregard their aristocratic origins, so to speak, out of sheer predicament (FML Hannig to Maria Theresia , AVA / ÖStA , Vienna).

Private

In 1755 Hannig married Maria Theresia von Demel (* 1737 in Villingen ; † September 17, 1807 in Vienna ). The marriage contract is dated July 6, 1755. The couple had two sons:

  • Carl (* around 1756 in Vienna ; died on May 17, 1793 near Rülzheim ), Imperial and Royal Rittmeister in the Modena Dragoon Regiment
  • Georg (* unknown; † March 13, 1834 in Krems an der Donau ), kk captain

Military career

He joined the imperial army in 1725 and took part in the 7th Austrian Turkish War from 1737 to 1739 . In 1750 he was promoted to captain in the Daun infantry regiment and on March 23, 1753 Hannig was ranked major in Vienna. He was promoted to lieutenant colonel in the Bethlen Infantry Regiment on February 3, 1755. Also in 1755 he was adjutant general , and on March 30, 1757 colonel and adjutant to Field Marshal Count Daun . On November 24, 1758, Hannig was raised to the status of hereditary baron with the predicate Highly Born . On April 1, 1761 he became a wing adjutant to Count Daun and advanced to the position of sergeant general and war council . In 1766 Hannig took over the local management of the Neustädter Military Academy . With effect from January 1, 1766 he was promoted to field marshal lieutenant on January 25, 1767 with the predicate of excellence .

Skirmishes and battles

According to the information from Hannig's letter to Maria Theresia at the end of 1758 / beginning of 1759.

Working at TherMilAk

He spent the first two years of his management time studying the existing conditions and developing improvements such as the abolition of the cadet watch. The guard was now provided by garrisoned troops, as the pupils stayed away from the studies during the guard duty. According to Hannig's opinion, garrison and guard duty can also be learned through theoretical lessons on the one hand and through temporary practical exercises on the other. Furthermore, he limited the carnival entertainments of the pupils and offenses of immorality were severely punished. So he introduced corporal punishment and pupils who made poor progress or did not correspond in behavior were excluded from the riding school. He promoted the teaching of history and geography. The academy library was "cleaned up". Removed all meaningless, unsuitable and forbidden books and promoted the fine arts and sciences. "...; In addition, he (the language master) had the task of spending the dining and recreation lessons with the cadets, providing them with useful and pleasant amusement through discussions that could contribute to their future training, and teaching them the principles of decent behavior . ”Furthermore, the cadets had to practice the letter style in order to acquire a correct and pleasant way of writing.

While this institute was under his management, the academy building was so destroyed by an earthquake on February 27, 1768 that regular adherence to the course was out of the question, the pupils only had to be employed as best the circumstances allowed. In the meantime the whole institute has been reorganized, the military planting school has been combined with the Neustädter Kadettenhaus and the number of pupils increased from 200 to 400. New principles and new organizations were drafted, while the building was repaired and enlarged on all sides and the increased number of pupils could be accommodated in uncomfortable premises that were not even adequately covered against the weather. Only in 1771 did a regulated curriculum appear and in 1775 the Academy Regulations sanctioned by Empress Maria Theresa .

Appreciation

Hannig developed a great deal of activity in his business, and his time as director was the basis for the perfection of the institute. As early as January 1, 1767, he advanced to lieutenant field marshal and had headed the institute as such for 13 years under difficult circumstances. But he did not have the strength to successfully face the many obstacles, especially expressions of dissatisfaction by parents and relatives of the pupils. But his disputes with the superior Christian Fengler, who tried to completely pull the management business to himself, and the fact that his efforts were misinterpreted and presented in a bad light through ignorance or malice, caused him many insults, even the disgrace of the Empress, who for this reason is said not to have visited the institute, which she used to surprise every year with her visit before and after, for several years. But if Hannig did some things in his haste that caused him such unpleasant consequences, he still has the merit of establishing the mechanical order and arrangement and developing the material part under difficult circumstances.

retirement

In view of his increasing sickness, Hannig asked for his retirement, which was granted to him on July 24, 1779 and which he enjoyed for another five years. His successor as local director was Franz Joseph Graf Kinsky, who was so highly deserved for the institute.

swell

  • ÖStA / AVA, Vienna
  • ÖStA / KA, Vienna, GZ 6626/0-KA / 00
  • Vienna City and State Archives, MA 8-A-1483/2000
  • Karl Friedrich von Frank: Status surveys and acts of grace for the German Empire and the Austrian Crown Lands until 1806 ..., Vol. 2, p. 161
  • Leitner von Leitnertreu (Th. I.), History of the Wiener Neustädter Military Academy (Hermannstadt 1852, Theodor Steinhausen, 80.) Vol. I., pp. 90–158.
  • Austria. Military Conversation Lexicon, ed. v. J. Hirtenfeld and Meynert (Vienna 1850, 80th)
  • Schmidt-Brentano: Imperial and Imperial Generals (1618–1815), Vienna 2006, p. 39
  • Constantin von Wurzbach : Hannig, Johann Georg Karl Freiherr von . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 7th part. Imperial and Royal Court and State Printing Office, Vienna 1861, p. 323 f. ( Digitized version ).

Web links

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personal data
SURNAME Hannig, Johann Georg Carl von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian Lieutenant Field Marshal
DATE OF BIRTH 1709
PLACE OF BIRTH Neisse
DATE OF DEATH 1784
Place of death Vienna