Johann Philipp Bohn

Johann Philipp Bohn , von Bohn since 1654 , (born February 19, 1597 in Lorch , † February 18, 1658 in Birkenau ), was a German lawyer and chancellor under various absolutist rulers of small German states within the Holy Roman Empire . He was later raised to court palatinate and was a member of the Reichshofrat .

biography

Origin, education and early years

Bohn came from a family of bourgeois and dignitaries in Worms and was the son of Johann (Hans) Philipp Bohn († after 1620) and his wife Sunna geb. Sunday († after 1620). As a cellar or upper cellar, his father was initially the financial administrator of the von Hunolstein family and then until 1614 of the Ulner von Dieburg family, who were wealthy in Weinheim . Bohn therefore grew up in Weinheim and attended the Lutheran Latin School in Worms from 1608. From 1613 he studied law at the University of Gießen , but in the same year switched to the University of Marburg due to an outbreak of the plague and finally to Heidelberg , where he was matriculated on November 29, 1613 . He appears to have been an avid student and has held several disputations at the Collegium Treutlerianum since 1616 , three of which have been published. In 1620 he completed his studies with a doctorate and then did an internship at the Imperial Court of Justice in Speyer . He was admitted to this court in February 1622 as a sworn court advocate and in June as procurator .

Work for Count Hohenlohe-Neuenstein

Bohn worked a total of eleven years at the Imperial Court of Justice and was then appointed Chancellor of Count Kraft VII von Hohenlohe-Neuenstein in the central administration of his small German territorial state on November 26, 1633 . He began his service in February 1634 and was commissioned to reorganize the administration of the newly acquired Ellwangen rule and also to take on diplomatic missions. During the ongoing Thirty Years' War , however, the count lost these possessions again and Bohn was released from his duties as chancellor in December 1635. Afterwards, as a councilor, he was mainly concerned with Hohenlohe's Reich Chamber Court trials. On June 10, 1636, the Count reappointed him as Chancellor, this time for his share in the County of Hohenlohe. Bohn used this time primarily to look for a better paid position.

Work for the Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg

On September 29, 1638, Duke August the Younger of Braunschweig-Lüneburg appointed him Privy Councilor and Chancellor for the Principality of Lüneburg , which had been occupied by imperial troops for years . Bohn moved to Braunschweig and represented the Duke in various negotiations, for example at the Electoral Congress in Nuremberg in 1640 and at the Reichstag in Regensburg in 1641 .

Work for the Count of Oldenburg

On the recommendation of the Oldenburg Councilor Anton Günther von Velstein, whom he had met in Speyer, Bohn was appointed Privy Councilor and Chancellor by Count Anton Günther von Oldenburg on September 29, 1642 with extensive duties and powers. As head of the chancellery, which acted as the highest court in the state and at the same time as the count's advisory body on all political issues, Bohn was the second man in administration in the county of Oldenburg after Landdrosten . The chancellery regulation of 1643 and the chamber regulation of 1650, through which a separate chamber authority was established, go back to him. In addition to his closer official duties, he was temporarily entrusted with political-diplomatic missions and took part in the peace negotiations in Osnabrück in 1645 and 1646 as part of the Peace of Westphalia . As in his previous positions, Bohn, who was evidently a difficult character, also got into protracted disputes and arguments in Oldenburg. In 1646 the chancellor was publicly accused of bribery by the superintendent Nikolaus Vismar and had to admit that he had actually accepted money. Although the conflict was settled by order of the Count, Bohn felt his position in Oldenburg was undermined by this and similar cases and began to look for another position.

At the Reichshofrat

In 1651 he was given a temporary leave of absence at his own request and first went to Speyer, where he tried unsuccessfully to reapply to the Reich Chamber of Commerce. On August 10, 1651 he was finally by the Emperor Ferdinand III. appointed Reichshofrat and introduced to his new office on April 6, 1652 in Vienna . As a member of the Reichshofrat, which, along with the Reichskammergericht, was one of the highest courts in the empire and at the same time fulfilled the function of a comprehensive advisory body to the emperor, Bohn had reached the peak of his career. On April 25, 1654 was the emperor in the knighthood raised and awarded the dignity of Hofpfalzgrafen. With the death of Ferdinand III. His office automatically expired on April 2, 1657. Soon afterwards, Bohn retired to Weinheim, where he had since acquired several goods. He suffered a stroke on February 16, 1658, of the consequences of which he died two days later.

family

Bohn was married to Anna Christina born on June 19, 1621. Henner (1602–1650), the daughter of the Worms city physician Peter Henner (1561–1619) and his second wife Christina geb. Staudt. Four years after her death, he married Sara Beatrix Schiltl (baptized 1605, † 1660), the daughter of the Regensburg councilor Johann Schiltl and widow of the Regensburg lawyer Johann Georg Halbritter († 1649). Bohn's first marriage had eight children, of whom Anna Christina (approx. 1624–1656) married the Oldenburg councilor Johann Böschen (1614–1674). Abraham Wolfgang (approx. 1627 / 28–1674) was electoral Palatinate bailiff , his younger brother Siegfried Christoph (1638–1681) was an envoy from Hohenlohe . The male line of the von Bohn family died out in 1721.

Works

• De servitutibus realibus. Published in: Reiner Bachoff von Echt (Ed.): Notae et animadversiones ad disputationes Hieronymi Treutleri. Vol. 1. Heidelberg. 1617. Reprints: Cologne. 1658, 1675, 1688. pp. 655 f.
• De tutelis, ibid. Vol. 2. Heidelberg. 1618, p. 397 ff.
• De adquirenda vel admit- tenda possessione, ibid. Vol. 3. Heidelberg. 1619, p. 247 ff.

literature

• Bohn, Johann Philipp. In: Hans Friedl u. a. (Ed.): Biographical manual for the history of the state of Oldenburg . Edited on behalf of the Oldenburg landscape. Isensee, Oldenburg 1992, ISBN 3-89442-135-5 , pp. 82-83 ( online ).

Web links

• Literature about Johann Philipp Bohn in the catalog of the German National Library