Johann V. (Oldenburg)

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Illustration of Count Johann von Oldenburg from Hermann Hamelmann's Oldenburgisch Chronicon 1599

Count Johann V of Oldenburg and Delmenhorst (* 1460 in Oldenburg ; † February 10, 1526 there ) was Count of Oldenburg from the House of Oldenburg . His parents were Count Gerd the Brave (1430–1500) and Adelheid von Tecklenburg .

Life

After his father renounced the government in 1482, Johann took over the Oldenburg regional rule together with his older brother Adolf (attested 1463–1500). In addition to these two, her younger brothers Christian († 1492) and Otto (⚔ 1500) also appear as part of the rulership. Johann quickly proved to be the dominant figure, also because Adolf was taken prisoner in East Frisia in November 1483 during a feud between Oldenburg and East Frisia, which he inherited from his father , and remained politically in the background after his release in 1486. Adolf's death in 1500 made him formally the sole ruler of Oldenburg.

In 1503, Johann V commissioned the Augustinian monk Johannes Schiphower to write a history of the Earl's House of Oldenburg that was missing so far. Schiphower followed suit and accordingly wrote the first Oldenburg Grafenchonik Chronicon Archicomitum Oldenburgensium , which endeavors to positively represent the honor of the House of Oldenburg. The Oldenburg Count Chronicle was continuously expanded until 1521 and is still an important document of the Oldenburg regional history.

He tried to keep the Count of East Friesland, Edzard I , who competed with Oldenburg, in check through alliances. As part of the Saxon feud , he attacked Edzard together with the united dukes of Braunschweig-Lüneburg and was able to conquer Butjadingen and the Stadland and parts of the Frisian Wehde from this in January 1514 . Oldenburg initially received the Stadland with Esenshamm and Abbehausen as Allodium , in 1517 Count Johann had to take the area as a fiefdom from Duke Heinrich the Younger of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel . But after a failed uprising by the Butjadingen farmers in 1515, the Guelph dukes gradually sold their property to the Oldenburg count, so that Butjadingen finally became Oldenburg in 1523. Johann secured the Oldenburg rule over the Frisian Wesermarsch by building the Ovelgönne fortress , right on the old border between Oldenburg and the Stadland.

As a prerequisite for his success, Johann drove the concentrated sustained increase in the sovereign income. To this end, he operated dikes and colonizing land development, for example north and northwest of Elsfleth , in the northern Moorriem , in the area of ​​Ovelgönne and Schwei , and in the Jade lowlands . In total, around 2,500 hectares of new land were won during Johann's reign , which he mostly used to build farmsteads subject to interest according to Meierrecht . With the ongoing improvement in his finances, he redeemed the pledged ownership rights of the Count's House, for example the Land Würden (parish of Dedesdorf) on the right bank of the Weser, which had been administered by the city of Bremen since 1408 . Furthermore, Johann used his funds for the acquisition of farms from noble property, which weakened the already insignificant Oldenburg land nobility and used this to expand his sovereign authority. While he also intervened against the autonomy of the city of Oldenburg, the development of the county of Oldenburg into an absolutist state began with Johann's rule . However, contrary to Johann's efforts, Oldenburg remained under the suzerainty of the Holy Roman Empire .

After Johann's death in 1526, his four sons ruled as common Counts of Oldenburg. Anton I survived the longest and was ultimately the sole ruling count.

family

Johann V married Anna von Anhalt-Zerbst († 1531), the daughter of Georg I von Anhalt-Zerbst , in 1498 and had the following children with her:

Outside of marriage, Johann had two children:

  • Moritz
  • Margaretha married Hinrich Jüchter.

literature

Web links

Commons : Johann V. von Oldenburg  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Heinrich Schmidt: Schiphower, Johannes. In: Hans Friedl u. a. (Ed.): Biographical manual for the history of the state of Oldenburg. Edited on behalf of the Oldenburg landscape. Isensee, Oldenburg 1992, ISBN 3-89442-135-5 , p. 633 f. ( online ).
  2. ↑ digital copy , Oldenburg document book; Third volume. County of Oldenburg from 1482 to 1550, NR. 187, p. 129
  3. ↑ Digitized version ( memento of the original from March 24, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Blätter der "Maus", 2002, p. 188  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.die-maus-bremen.de
  4. ^ Digitalisat , Nederlandsche Genealogieen, Deel 11, 1996 pp. 173–182
  5. ↑ , Oldenburger Salbucher, manuscript B.
predecessor Office successor
Gerd the brave Oldenburg Stammwappen.png
Count of Oldenburg
1482–1526 		Anton I.
Christoph
Georg
Johann VI.
personal data
SURNAME Johann V.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Johann V. Count of Oldenburg and Delmenhorst; Johann XIV.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German nobleman, Count of Oldenburg and Delmenhorst
DATE OF BIRTH 1460
PLACE OF BIRTH Oldenburg
DATE OF DEATH February 10, 1526
Place of death Oldenburg