Johann Viktor Bredt

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Johann Viktor Bredt (1930)

Johann Viktor Bredt (born March 2, 1879 in Barmen , † December 1, 1940 in Marburg ) was a German constitutional lawyer and politician of the Reich Party of German Middle Classes .

Life and work

Bredt was the son of the Barmer factory owner and banker Viktor Bredt, he came from a long-established Reformed family. In 1897/98 he did a banking apprenticeship at Barmer Bankverein . He then studied economics and law in Tübingen , Göttingen and Bonn . He obtained his doctorate in 1901. jur. and in 1904 Dr. phil. to subsequently become an administrative officer. In 1909 he completed his habilitation in Heidelberg and in 1910 was appointed to a chair in public law at the University of Marburg , where, in addition to constitutional law, he also worked scientifically on church law . In 1925 he was awarded an honorary theological doctorate by the University of Bonn for his work in the field of canon law .

Political activity

Bredt belonged to the free conservatives in the empire and founded the Reich Party of German Middle Classes in 1920 , which he had also headed since 1931.

From 1910 to 1921 Bredt was a city councilor in Marburg. From 1911 to 1918 he was a member of the Prussian House of Representatives for the free conservatives . From 1921 to 1924 he was a member of the state parliament in Prussia and then until 1932 a member of the Reichstag . In the Reichstag he was parliamentary group leader of the economic party. In 1926 he was chairman of the committee of inquiry into the reasons for the German collapse in the First World War.

In 1930 he was Minister of Justice in the Brüning I cabinet . He resigned on December 5, 1930 after the Reich Committee of the Economic Party had rejected Heinrich Brüning's financial program for budget consolidation on November 25, effectively terminating participation in the coalition. Bredt advocated a merger of the right-wing parties and said in the Reichstag on February 24, 1932:

"Please, form a majority here in the house from the right, [shouting from the National Socialists: close down the shop!] Who agree on a program and show us a Chancellor!"

Publications

  • History of the Bredt family. Martini u. Grüttefien, Elberfeld 1902 ( digitized version ).
  • The wage industry, represented by the yarn and textile industry in Barmen. 1905.
  • The increase in the value of land and its taxation in Prussia in 1907.
  • Zone expropriation and its admissibility in Prussia 1909.
  • Taxation based on the ability to pay in 1912.
  • The constitutional amendment in Prussia in 1913.
  • The separation of church and state. 1919.
  • The rights of the Summus Episcopus. 1919.
  • New Protestant church law for Prussia. 3 volumes, 1921–1927.
  • The spirit of the German constitution. 1924.
  • The dispute between the Prussian state and the royal family. 1925.
  • The German Reichstag in World War II. 1926.
  • Belgian neutrality and Schlieffen's campaign plan 1929.
  • The forced housing economy. 1930.
  • History of the Bredt family. Munster 1934.
  • History of the Siebel family. A contribution to the cultural and church history of the Lower Rhine. Marburg 1937.
  • The constitution of the Reformed Church in Cleve-Jülich-Berg-Mark. 1938.
  • History of the Greeff family from the Huckenbach. Marburg 1941.

literature

  • Martin Grosch: Johann Victor Bredt: Conservative Politics between the Empire and National Socialism; a political biography . Logos, Berlin 2014.
  • Jochen Lengemann : MdL Hessen. 1808-1996. Biographical index (= political and parliamentary history of the state of Hesse. Vol. 14 = publications of the Historical Commission for Hesse. Vol. 48, 7). Elwert, Marburg 1996, ISBN 3-7708-1071-6 , p. 87.
  • Alfred Milatz:  Bredt, Johann Viktor. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 2, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1955, ISBN 3-428-00183-4 , p. 567 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Dieter Pelda: The members of the Prussian Communal Parliament in Kassel 1867-1933 (= Prehistory and history of parliamentarism in Hesse. Vol. 22 = Publications of the Historical Commission for Hesse. Vol. 48, 8). Elwert, Marburg 1999, ISBN 3-7708-1129-1 , pp. 22-23.
  • Martin Schumacher: Memoirs and documents by Joh. Victor Bredt 1914–1933. Düsseldorf 1970.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ see Hessisches Staatsarchiv Marburg (HStAMR), Best. 915 No. 5759, p. 5 ( digitized version ).
personal data
SURNAME Bredt, Johann Viktor
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Bredt, Johann Victor
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German constitutional lawyer and politician (WP), MdR
DATE OF BIRTH March 2, 1879
PLACE OF BIRTH Barmen
DATE OF DEATH December 1, 1940
Place of death Marburg