Josef Gottfried von Riedel

Josef Gottfried von Riedl. Lithograph by Franz Eybl , 1851

Josef Gottfried Riedel , from 1868 von Riedel (born January 17, 1803 in Friedland , Northern Bohemia ; † November 7, 1870 in Vienna ), was an Austrian psychiatrist.

Life

Josef Gottfried Riedel, son of a cloth maker, graduated from the city school in Friedland and the grammar school on Prague's Lesser Town . He gave class tutoring to help cover the costs. Riedel studied philosophy and medicine at the Charles University in Prague , supported by Count Christian Christoph Clam-Gallas , where he received his doctorate in medicine in 1830.

From 1829 he was a secondary doctor in the Prague insane asylum in the former monastery of St. Catherine . In 1831, during an epidemic , he headed the largest cholera hospital in Lemberg , at that time a crown land of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy . 1835 Police district and forced labor doctor in Prague. In 1837 he became primary physician and director of the Prague insane asylum . As a result of his efforts, it was separated from the Prague General Hospital in 1842 and was given a new building built from 1839 to 1846, and from 1847 to 1851 also served as the supplier-serving director of all Prague hospitals and charities.

In 1851 Josef Gottfried Riedel received a call to the lunatic asylum in Vienna , where he also initiated the reorganization and the new building.

Riedel was president of the Association for Psychiatry and Neurology . In 1859 he became a councilor, received the Knight's Cross of the Franz Joseph Order of the Iron Crown 3rd Class , which was followed in 1868 by the elevation to the herbland knighthood . He was also bearer of the Commander's Cross of the Guadeloupe Order . In 1911 the Riedelgasse in Vienna- Hietzing was named after him.

meaning

Josef Gottfried von Riedel was an important innovator of so-called humanistic psychiatry in Austria in the 19th century and in neighboring countries. As a result of his progressive attitude, he fought against the coercive measures customary at his time against hospitalized patients, instead advocating targeted promotion and employment of the mentally ill and was a sought-after expert. Consultant in the treatment of the Empress of Mexico (1864–1867) Charlotte of Belgium .

family

Josef Gottfried Ritter von (since 1868) Riedel, married to Pauline Speer in 1833, had four children: Marie (* 1835), married to Dr. med. A. Duchek; Karoline (* 1836); Johann (* 1839), Dr. med .; and Josephine (* 1842)

Fonts

• Prague's insane asylum and its services in the years 1827, 1828 and 1829 ... with 4 eith. Tafeln, Prague Calve 1830 (author's dissertation).
• The Asiatic agitation according to the experiences and observations made in Galicia . Prague, Haase Sons, 1832
• Prague's insane asylum. Prague 1837.
• Medical reports on the kk insane sanatorium and nursing home in Vienna (1858 ff.).

literature

• Ferdinand Seibt , Hans Lemberg , Helmut Slapnicka: Biographical lexicon on the history of the Bohemian countries. Published on behalf of the Collegium Carolinum (Institute) , Vol. III, R. Oldenbourg Verlag Munich 2000, ISBN 3-486-55973-7 , p. 456.
• Constantin von Wurzbach : Riedel, Joseph Gottfried Ritter von . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 26th part. Imperial-Royal Court and State Printing Office, Vienna 1874, pp. 95–98 ( digitized version ).
• Melchior Josef Bandorf :  Riedel, Joseph Gottfried von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 28, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1889, p. 525 f.
• G. Roth:  Riedel Josef Gottfried von. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 9, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1988, ISBN 3-7001-1483-4 , p. 137 f. (Direct links on p. 137 , p. 138 ).
• Felix Czeike: Historical Lexicon , Vienna Vol. 4, Kremayr & Scheriau, Vienna 1995.

Web links

• Entry on Josef Gottfried von Riedel in the Austria Forum  (in the AEIOU Austria Lexicon )

Individual evidence

1. ^ Axel Karenberg , Marcella Lippert: Irrenhäuser in Prag (1600-1900). In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 13, 1995, pp. 331-340; here: pp. 336 and 339.