Julius Ernst von Tettau

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Julius Ernst von Tettau

Julius Ernst von Tettau (born July 16, 1644 at Gut Dublienen in the Rastenburg district ; † June 22, 1711 ) was Feldzeugmeister general and infantry general in the service of the States General .

family

His parents were Daniel von Tettau and Barbara von Glaubitz . You died early. He still had two brothers: Johann Siegesmund, who died as a lieutenant colonel in battle with the Tatars, and Daniel, who died as a Danish colonel and commander of the Drontheim fortress in Norway .

Life

He received a good education from his guardians, but at the age of 13 he decided to take up service in the Netherlands. He stayed there from 1657 to 1660, but due to lack of promotion he then went into French service. There he was noticed by Louis XIV , who promoted him to officer in 1661. He was particularly interested in building fortifications, was very ambitious and inquisitive, and so General Turenne made himself his teacher. When he set out on the campaign against the Spanish Netherlands in 1667, Tettau came to the department of the Marquis de Louvigny . At this time, however, his sovereign Elector Friedrich Wilhelm von Brandenburg called him back. He made him lieutenant in the Infantry Regiment von Spaen and sent him to the Duchy of Cleves to improve the fortifications. He also became the teacher of Crown Prince Friedrich in building fortifications. He remained his patron for a lifetime. He remained in the service of the Brandenburgers in the wars against Sweden and France until 1677. In 1674 he was the oldest captain in the Spaen regiment when it attacked the fortress of Grave under Prince William of Orange , where he was dangerously wounded.

In Danish service

In 1676 he became a lieutenant colonel in the infantry regiment of Colonel Ahasvero von Lehndorf , which was loaned to the Danish king. He was significantly involved in the capture of Helsingborg and became the commandant of the fortress, which he successfully opposed attempts to recapture Charles XI. (Sweden) defended. Helsingborg did not return to the Swedes until the Treaty of Lund in 1679. Tettau remained in the Danish service and got its own regiment of 2000 men, which was initially stationed in the Duchy of Holstein . In 1684 he became Danish major general and restored the Danish fortresses in Norway. In 1685, the Elector of Prussia awarded him the order de la Générosité

In Ireland

In 1688, the Danish king gave Prince William of Orange a force of 8,000 men to assert his claim to the throne in England. The command under Prince Ferdinand Wilhelm von Württemberg transferred the army to Scotland in November 1689. A storm scattered the ships and so the Prince and Tettau came ashore in Hull . In February 1690 they were moved to Ireland to fight the remnants of the army of James II . In the Battle of the Boyne on July 11, 1690, the Danes fought on the left wing and contributed to the victory. Then they went to the siege of Limerick, against Tettau's advice. This failed, although Tettau was finally given command. But when Marlborough marched on Cork , he joined him with two foot regiments and three squadrons. He was instrumental in winning the battle, which Marlborough had to acknowledge. In the same year he captured the strategically important port of Kinsale . In the following year 1691 the conquest of Athlone succeeded under Godert de Ginkell . The troops then marched on Limerick. But before that came the Battle of Aughrim , where Wilhelm's troops were victorious again. Galway surrendered and the second siege of Limerick took place. It ended with the surrender on September 23, 1691 , and the war ended with the Peace of Limerick .

In Holland

Then Denmark, England and the States General offered their regiments to the now famous Tettau. He asked his sovereign, Elector Friedrich , to decide for him. He decided for Holland and so Tettau became major general and governor of Coevorden . He took part in the Battle of Steenkerke on August 3, 1692 on the Dutch side and was seriously wounded. A bullet shattered his right jaw and teeth. But the royal English personal physician cured him. As early as the winter of 1692/1693 he was present again at the allied consultations about the upcoming campaign. He was first sent to Maastricht , where he secured the fortress against the French. He commanded the left wing in the Battle of Neer winds on July 29, 1693, but after the defeat he was only able to cover the retreat. He must have done this very well, because the King appointed him General Feldzeugmeister, Lieutenant General of Flanders and Governor of Sluis and the fortresses on the Scheldt , as well as Chief Forester in the Land of Cassant. In 1695 he was in the successful siege of Namur by Wilhelm III. with it. After the Peace of Ryswick in 1697, he resigned from all offices, although he had been offered a leave of several years.

Prussia

He went back to Prussia. In 1701, King Friedrich appointed him in command of Angerburg . When the Black Eagle was first awarded on January 19, 1701 , Tettau was one of the recipients. In 1711 he became regional director of Prussia and captain of Brandenburg. When the plague broke out here in 1710/1711 , he was still able to organize successfully before he died on June 22, 1711. He was buried in the church of Allenburg .

family

He married Emerentia von Rumohr (1650–1713) in Flensburg in 1684 . She was the sister of General Ditlev Rumohr (1634–1678). The marriage remained without children. His widow founded the Tettau'sche Fräuleinstift zu Königsberg.

literature

personal data
SURNAME Tettau, Julius Ernst von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Feldzeugmeister General and Infantry General in the service of the States General
DATE OF BIRTH July 16, 1644
PLACE OF BIRTH Good duplicates in the Rastenburg district
DATE OF DEATH June 22, 1711