Julius Perathoner

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Julius Perathoner - painting by Alois Delug (1859-1930)
Bronze plaque in memory of Julius Perathoner by Emil Gurschner (1886–1938)

Julius Perathoner (born February 28, 1849 in Dietenheim near Bruneck , † April 17, 1926 in Bozen ) was the last German mayor of Bozen from 1895 to 1922 , from 1901 to 1911 a member of the Reichsrat in Vienna and from 1902 to 1907 a member of the state parliament in Innsbruck .

Julius Perathoner was one of the most important exponents of the German Freedom Party in Tyrol. The end of his term of office as mayor coincided with the violent phase of the impending fascist seizure of power in Italy: On October 3, 1922, Perathoner was deposed by the Italian government under Luigi Facta together with the city council and replaced by a provisional administrator as a result of the march on Bolzano by the fascists .

Life

Perathoner's great-grandfather came from Selva di Val Gardena and held the position of a court clerk in Brixen . His father Ulrich was a tax officer in Bruneck. He was married twice and had several children; the son Julius came from the second marriage with Julie von Klebelsberg.

He came into contact with Bolzano as a boy because he attended elementary school here. He started secondary school in Brixen, but graduated from the Bozen Franciscan High School . He studied at the University of Innsbruck law and entered after the promotion than 1,872 trainee into a Bolzano law firm.

In 1883 the young lawyer married Bertha von Mörl from Eppan . The marriage gave birth to three sons.

In 1892 Julius Perathoner was elected to the Bolzano municipal council for the German Freedom Party - it had an absolute majority. In 1895 he succeeded Mayor Josef von Braitenberg , who had been in office for fifteen years , who had been re-elected at the end of December 1894, but did not accept the election.

In addition to his political and administrative work, Perathoner also devoted himself to his profession as a lawyer and ran a law firm on the fruit market together with lawyer Anton Kinsele.

meaning

Julius Perathoner is considered to be one of the most important political figures of the turn of the century in Tyrol .

His work as mayor led Bozen into the modern age , turned the small town into a center of early tourism and gave the city new economic and cultural impulses.

Many of his urban planning and local political decisions shape Bozen to this day.

Perathoner's tenure is determined by numerous building projects. These include the city ​​museum (1905), the theater (1913–1918), the tram to Gries (1909) and Laives , the Kaiserjägerkaserne (1898), the Talferbrücke (1900), the promenades on both sides of the Talfer (1901–1905) , the Kaiserin-Elisabeth-Schule (boys 'school in 1911, today the Italian-speaking Dante school) and the Kaiser-Franz-Josef-Schule (girls' school in 1908, now in the Goethe school ), the Etschwerke (1898) and the new town hall (1907)

1911 succeeded in incorporating the large surrounding community of Zwölfmalgrei .

The German national-freedom-minded Perathoner was in the nationality dispute of the Habsburg monarchy as moderate and a man of compromise. In his inaugural address as Mayor on March 15, 1895, he emphasized:

“In a national context, I will not forget that Bozen is and should remain a German city. But I will also keep in mind that there are a number of Italian-speaking citizens in our city with whom the Germans want to live in peace and in harmony. The recognition of the German character of our city by our Italian fellow citizens on the one hand, the respect for the Italian nation, which is distinguished by its wonderful language and excellent culture, on the other hand, as well as the patriotic feelings shared by the two ethnic groups, have a happy relationship between Germans and Italians in our city which we hope will be spared in the interests of both parties. "

Perathoner was co-founder in 1878 and later chairman of the Bozen men's choir and the Bozen German School Association (1881). Since 1872 he was a member of the Bolzano gymnastics club .

Honors

The Perathoner stone in Munich-Harlaching

In 1911, Perathoner was portrayed by the academic painter Alois Delug .

The Perathoner stone in Munich 's Harlaching district commemorates Julius Perathoner. It was inaugurated soon after Perathoner's death in 1927 and documents the bond between Bavaria and Tyrol .

A street in Bozen was named after Julius Perathoner as early as 1913. It is the connecting road between the old town of Bolzano and the district of Zwölfmalgrei , which was incorporated in 1911 on Perathoner's decisive initiative . After the seizure of power by fascism , Perathonerstraße was renamed “via Piave ” and still bears this name, although in 2012 the passage there at Bozen Amonnhaus was dedicated to the memory of Perathoner as the Dr. Julius Perathoner Passage . The complete renaming of Piavestrasse had failed after 1945 due to the resistance of the Italian majority parties in the Bolzano municipal council. A street about 200 meters long south of Walther-von-der-Vogelweide-Platz (near the place where Perathoner had the theater built) commemorates Perathoner.

Filmography

  • Pioneer and visionary: Julius Perathoner, Mayor of Bolzano. Director: Verena Gruber. 45 min, RAI South Tyrol , 2017.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hannes Obermair , Sabrina Michielli (ed.): Cultures of remembrance of the 20th century in comparison - Culture della memoria del Novecento a confronto (booklets on the history of Bozen 7). City of Bolzano: Bozen 2014. ISBN 978-88-907060-9-7 . Pp. 52-53.
  2. ↑ Proven in the directory of telephone exchanges and subscriber stations for Tyrol, January 1913 , p. 18 (Bozen).
  3. ↑ At that time the Italian ethnic group formed a small minority in Bolzano.
  4. ↑ Hans Veneri: From the Perathoner era. In: City in transition. Articles about Bozen since 1900 (Yearbook of the South Tyrolean Cultural Institute), Bozen 1973, p. 45.
  5. ↑ Bozner Nachrichten of August 27, 2011, p. 11
  6. ↑ Karl Schindler: The Perathoner stone from Harlaching: Foundation of Munich citizens in memory of the fate of South Tyrol. In: Südtirol in Wort und Bild, No. 38–39 / 1994, pp. 5–7.
  7. ^ Ceremony for Julius Perathoner: passage and memorial plaque (with photos), accessed on Nov. 15, 2012.
  8. ↑ Bruno Mahlknecht: Memorial sheet for Julius Perathoner , Dolomiten of 23 August 2001, p. 8.
predecessor Office successor
Josef von Braitenberg Mayor of Bolzano
1895–1922 		fascist government official
personal data
SURNAME Perathoner, Julius
BRIEF DESCRIPTION South Tyrolean politician
DATE OF BIRTH February 28, 1849
PLACE OF BIRTH Dietenheim near Bruneck
DATE OF DEATH April 17, 1926
Place of death Bolzano