Twelve screams

Twelve Malgrei ( Italian : Dodiciville , or historically Le Malgrei ) is a cadastral municipality of Bolzano in South Tyrol ( Italy ), which includes parts of the center-Bozner Boden-Rentsch district and the Oberau-Haslach district . The formerly independent rural community voluntarily incorporated into the city of Bolzano in 1911. In 1910 Twelve Malgrei had about 9,500 inhabitants.

The boundary of the cadastral community corresponds to the size of the rural community from 1911. This consisted of 12 hamlets , the so-called Malgrei , all of which were characterized by agriculture and some of them are centers of the Bolzano wine industry to this day .

History and structure

Name story

The presumably Alpine Romanesque name “Malgrei” means “section”, “quarter” or “ Rotte ” of a large rural community. This has been documented since the 15th century - around 1470 as " Malgreyen der pharren Potzen aussthalben der stat " ("Malgrei of the parish of Bozen outside the inner city area") and in 1486 as " Zwelff Malgreyen " - and was administratively part of the sovereign Tyrolean regional court Gries-Bozen, whose judicial boards were appointed by the Habsburgs .

The Malgrei customs rod

The former town hall stood in the Malgrei Zollstange (silver rod), which adjoined what was then Bolzano to the east. The Malgrei Zollstange, documented as " Zolstang " as early as 1310 , is nowadays referred to in the narrower sense as Twelve times. The Twelve Malgreiner Platz (piazza dogana), where the parish hall used to stand, is reminiscent of the old name . There is also one of the oldest existing inns in the city, the Lion's Den . Opposite the Löwengrube, in the former Zollgasse (today Andreas-Hofer-Straße ), there was the customs building for all traders who came from the Eisack Valley to Bozen.

The municipality of Zwölfmalgrei was established in 1849, simultaneously with the municipalities of Leifers and Gries , as a result of the Austrian municipal constitution .

Today there are numerous regional offices, the train station , the valley station of the Rittner cable car , the valley station of the Kohlerer cable car , the party headquarters of the South Tyrolean People's Party and the seat of the Etschwerke Bozen-Meran, the music band Zwölfmalgrei founded in 1920 and the seat of the Raiffeisenkasse Bozen .

The rest of the painters

St. Peter with the eponymous church of the Apostle Peter in the north of Bolzano, towards Runkelstein Castle at the entrance to the Sarntal.

St. Johann in the village with the church of the same name and the Heinrichshof north of the historic old town of Bozen.

Rentsch with the St. Lorenz Church east of the former customs post.

St. Magdalena / Prazöll with the church of the same name , home of St. Magdalener wine.

St. Justina , located on the northeastern edge of today's municipality of Bozen and on the lower slope of the Rittner Berg , with the church of the same name .

Bozner Leitach , slopes southeast of Justina above the Eisack (on the right) with the little church of St. Georg in Wangg , on the other side of the valley is Kardaun .

Kampill on the left bank of the Eisack with the church of St. Martin of Tours , which is now wedged between the state road and the Brenner motorway .

Kampenn (with Kohlern ), southeast of historic Bolzano. It was here in 1908 that the oldest suspension cable car in Central Europe, the Kohlerer Bahn, was built .

Virgl , on the south-west slope of Kohlern , is home to several churches, including the oldest church in Bolzano, the Vigilius Church from the migration period. Perhaps the document was made out here in 769, with the Bavarian Duke Tassilo III. founded the San Candido monastery .

Haslach south of the Virgl and today densely populated; there is also the tallest residential building in the district (12 floors, built by Othmar Barth ). Today Haslach is one of the two focal points of the Oberau-Haslach district . The Haselburg rises above Haslach, visible from afar .

Oberau / St. Jakob with Grutzen. Today, Oberau is the second center of the Oberau-Haslach district, while Grutzen is home to the Bozen industrial area and Bozen airport , and only a small part is used for agriculture. The new headquarters of the Twelve Malgreies fruit cooperative is in Grutzen.

Personalities

Emanuel Stöckler (1819–1893), Austrian painter, died in Zwölfmalgrei
Hermann Roesler (1834-1894), German national economist, lived in Bozen-Dorf (Ansitz Klebelsberg) from 1893
Ludwig von Comini (1812–1869), Austrian nobleman and landlord, lived, worked and died in Bozen-Dorf
Albin Egger-Lienz (1868–1926), Austrian painter, died in St. Justina (Villa Grünwald)
Verena Buratti (* 1965), South Tyrolean actress (grew up in Rentsch)
Alexander Langer (1946–1995), Italian politician, lived in Bozen-Dorf for years

Photo gallery

St. Peter from the Oswaldpromenade seen from
Klebenstein Castle , St. Anton
Maretsch Castle
St. Johann in the village
St. Magdalena
St. Lorenz, Rentsch
St. Martin, Kampill
The Virgl with the Holy Sepulcher Church
Haselburg above Haslach

literature

Hugo A. Lanzinger: On the socio-economic development of the community of Zwölfmalgrei from 1850 to 1910 . Innsbruck, Dipl.-Arb. 1998.
Richard Staffler: The court names of Zwölfmalgrei and Laives (Bozner yearbook for history, culture and art 1952). Innsbruck: Wagner 1952.
Heinz Tiefenbrunner: History of the houses of twelve-time gouts . Bolzano: Athesia 2011.
Karl Theodor Hoeniger : Altbozner picture book. 100 illustrations and 40 essays on the city's history. Ferrari-Auer: Bozen 1933, p. 62 ff. (Digitized version)

Web links

Portal: Bolzano - overview of Wikipedia content on Bolzano

Commons : Twelve Times - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

^ Hannes Obermair : Bozen Süd - Bolzano Nord. Written form and documents from the city of Bozen up to 1500. Vol. 2. Bozen: Stadtgemeinde Bozen 2008. ISBN 978-88-901870-1-8 , p. 140 no. 1108 and p. 190–191 no. 1229.
↑ Otto Stolz : Political-historical description of the country of South Tyrol. Vol. 1. Innsbruck: Wagner 1937, pp. 259-260.
^ Hannes Obermair: Bozen Süd - Bolzano Nord. Written form and documentary tradition of the city of Bozen up to 1500 . Vol. 1, Bozen: Stadtgemeinde Bozen 2005. ISBN 88-901870-0-X , p. 171 No. 239.
↑ Bruno Mahlknecht : The Bozner Batzenhäusl . In: ders., Bozen through the centuries, Vol. 2, Bozen 2006. ISBN 88-6011-021-1 , pp. 137-141.
↑ Bruno Mahlknecht: The Bolzano Magistral District is divided into four independent communities . In: ders., Bozen through the centuries, vol. 3, Bozen 2006. ISBN 88-6011-027-0 , p. 148.

46.500274 11.360984Coordinates: 46 ° 30 ' N , 11 ° 22' E

[1] Hannes Obermair : Bozen Süd - Bolzano Nord. Written form and documents from the city of Bozen up to 1500. Vol. 2. Bozen: Stadtgemeinde Bozen 2008. ISBN 978-88-901870-1-8 , p. 140 no. 1108 and p. 190–191 no. 1229.

[2] Otto Stolz : Political-historical description of the country of South Tyrol. Vol. 1. Innsbruck: Wagner 1937, pp. 259-260.

[3] Hannes Obermair: Bozen Süd - Bolzano Nord. Written form and documentary tradition of the city of Bozen up to 1500 . Vol. 1, Bozen: Stadtgemeinde Bozen 2005. ISBN 88-901870-0-X , p. 171 No. 239.

[4] Bruno Mahlknecht : The Bozner Batzenhäusl . In: ders., Bozen through the centuries, Vol. 2, Bozen 2006. ISBN 88-6011-021-1 , pp. 137-141.

[5] Bruno Mahlknecht: The Bolzano Magistral District is divided into four independent communities . In: ders., Bozen through the centuries, vol. 3, Bozen 2006. ISBN 88-6011-027-0 , p. 148.