Julius of Minutoli

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Julius Rudolph Ottomar Baron Menu von Minutoli (born August 30, 1804 in Berlin ; † November 5, 1860 in the Kaneh Zenjan caravanserai near Shiraz , Persia ) was a Prussian police director , diplomat , scientist and writer, also a gifted draftsman. Minutoli is considered to be a prime example of a humanitarian and well-educated Prussian state official.

Life

origin

Minutoli was the second son of Heinrich Menu , at that time one of the teachers of the Berlin Cadet Corps, who was appointed educator of Prince Carl in 1810 , had held the title of Baron of Minutoli since 1820 and made a name for himself primarily as an antiquarian. His mother was Charlotte von Woldeck (1781–1863), from whom his father divorced in 1812 and married Wolfardine von der Schulenburg in 1820 , who later became known as the author of a travelogue about Egypt. Since the family had lived in the royal old palace at Unter den Linden 37 since 1810 , Julius von Minutoli also had personal contact with the Crown Prince, who later became Friedrich Wilhelm IV.

Julius von Minutoli, colored lithograph of the Poznan City Palace of the Gorka family (1833)

Career

Julius von Minutoli studied law and camera science in Berlin and Heidelberg . In 1824 he was accepted by the Corps Saxo-Borussia Heidelberg . Between 1828 and 1830 he entered the Prussian civil service, initially as a judicial judge in Koblenz , where his work On Roman Law on the Left Bank of the Rhine (Berlin, 1831) was written. In 1832 he was a Councilor for Posen added, and there in 1839 for chief of police and district administration appointed. In terms of work, among other things, by uncovering several attempts at uprising in Poland, he gained great recognition in the administration, but he is also said to have been valued by the Polish and German population for his tolerance and his social and cultural activities. In 1842 he was promoted to Dr. jur. doctorate and temporarily entrusted with tasks in the Prussian Ministry of the Interior, but soon afterwards sent back to Posen. As a result of a business trip through Europe and North Africa, he published his work on The New Penal and Correction Systems in 1843 , which he had visited in Algeria, Spain, Portugal, England, France and Holland.

In 1847 he was appointed police president of Berlin by Friedrich Wilhelm IV , and in 1848 he was appointed councilor, 1st class. During the March Revolution of 1848 he was able to moderate the rebels at first, but he could not prevent the outbreak of violence in the long term. His measured demeanor aroused the displeasure of the growing reactionary forces. As a result of the armory storm , he resigned from his post as police chief on June 27, 1848. He carried out special assignments abroad.

Minutoli was married to Freiin Mathilde von Rotenhan (1812–1878) since 1834 , with whom he had four children. After his resignation he moved with his family to Franconia and probably lived there at his wife's ancestral home in Rentweinsdorf and Bamberg . During this time, among other things, his studies on the history of the Hohenzollern and Brandenburgs, as well as his memoirs, which were banned in Prussia, emerged.

After he had been without official employment since his resignation, he entered the consular general in 1851, and at times also as a deputy in the diplomatic service. As the Prussian consul general for Spain and Portugal , he made numerous business trips across the country from Barcelona or Puerto de Santa Maria, including a. to the Balearic Islands, the Canary Islands and Madeira. The results, he then published in his books to Spain and Portugal and the Canary Islands and anonymously in various newspapers, including the Leipziger Illustrierte Zeitung and Augsburger Allgemeine Zeitung . He collected arts and crafts abroad for the Minutoli Museum in Liegnitz, which his younger brother Alexander set up in the palace as the first arts and crafts museum in the world. In 1859 Julius returned to Berlin. In December 1859 he was sent to Persia for several years as the 1st Prussian Minister Resident and Consul General of the German Customs Union States. However, he died on November 5, 1860 on his return from a business trip to the Persian Gulf in the Kanesenjan caravanserai near Shiraz. In the presence of his nephew Wilhelm von Grolman he was buried by the Armenian Christian community in their cemetery in Shiraz. In 1940 his bones were reburied in the cemetery for foreigners in Tehran. His tombstone is now in the German Embassy in Tehran.

Cultural merit

Julius von Minutoli made numerous sketches of people, buildings and events already during his time in Poznan and also on his later travels, some of which he brought into the trade, in some cases also gave to Friedrich Wilhelm IV., And with which he met up made a name for himself as a draftsman today. Two of his drawing books were published in 2013.

Since his time in Franconia, he maintained close contacts with the leading academic and cultural circles in Bamberg. He was a member of the Natural Research Society and the Historical Society and donated numerous exhibits to the Natural History Cabinet, today's Natural History Museum, as well as other museums. He maintained extensive correspondence with, among others, the "Prussian court modeler" Carl Schropp , who lived in Bamberg , the collector and globetrotter Emil Marschalk von Ostheim and the archivist Paul Oesterreicher (1766–1839).

In May 1860, a species of lavender growing on the Canary Islands was named "Lavandula minutolii" in his honor by the botanist Carl Bolle .

family

He married on November 22, 1834 in Berlin's Jerusalem Church Mathilde Henriette Wilhelmina Caroline Marie Auguste Freiin von Rotenhan (born May 19, 1812 - March 28, 1878), a daughter of Sigismund Johann Christoph Friedrich Freiherr von Rotenhan (1761-1826). The couple had the following children:

  • Hedwig Sophie Luise Henriette (August 12, 1836 - October 12, 1917)
  • Sophie Luise Henriette Thusnelda (* December 14, 1837 - † September 14, 1927)
  • Arthur Heinrich Carl Sigismund (January 28, 1840 - February 19, 1883), captain in the 5th Baden Infantry Regiment 113, since July 1, 1866 Baron von Minutoli-Woldeck, ⚭ May 25, 1877 Baron Anna von Minutoli -Woldeck (born February 28, 1856; only daughter of Alexander Freiherr von Minutoli-Woldeck ). The widow married Joachim von Pfeil and Klein Ellguth .
  • Maria Ida Agnes Gerhardine (born August 11, 1845 - † May 27, 1918)

Works

  • About Roman Law on the Left Bank of the Rhine (Berlin 1831)
  • Collaboration on the Berlin calendar for the common year 1839 , several coppers and explanations of coppers, Berlin 1839.
  • Statistics of the Poznan County , 1840.
  • The new penal and reform systems. Memories of a trip through remarkable prisons in Algiers, Spain, Portugal, England, France and Holland (Berlin 1843)
  • The Mark Brandenburg , Berlin and Cologne in 1451 (Berlin 1850, 3rd edition 1853)
  • The white woman (Berlin 1850)
  • Friedrich I. Elector of Brandenburg and memorabilia from the sources of the Plassenburg archive (Berlin 1850)
  • The imperial book of Margrave Achilles - Electoral period from 1470–1486 (Berlin 1850)
  • Memories from my life , III. Part, futile attempts at the promised re-employment . Bamberg 1850.
  • The Canary Islands , its past and future (Berlin 1854)
  • Spain and its progressive development (Berlin 1852; books.google.de )
  • Old and new from Spain (Berlin 1854, 2 volumes)
  • Portugal and its colonies 1854 (Stuttgart 1855)

literature

  • Frank-Lothar Kroll :  Minutoli, v., Julius. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 17, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1994, ISBN 3-428-00198-2 , pp. 551 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Dorothea Minkels : drawn in 1848. The Berlin police chief Julius von Minutoli. DeMi-Verlag (on demand), Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-8334-0096-X .
  • Dorothea Minkels: In the germinal time of democracy, Berlin police chief. Julius von Minutoli for his 200th birthday. Exhibition catalog. Books on Demand, Norderstedt 2004, ISBN 3-8334-1568-1 .
  • Dorothea Minkels: an almost exotic member of the association. For the publicist and natural history collector Julius von Minutoli on the occasion of his 200th birthday. In: Report of the Historical Association Bamberg . Bamd 140. 2004, pp. 187-196
  • Dorothea Minkels: Julius von Minutoli (1804-1860). Berlin police chief in the revolutionary year 1848. In: Helmut Bleiber et al. (Ed.): Actors of a radical change. Men and women of the revolution of 1848/49. Volume 2. Fides, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-931363-14-7 , pp. 427-472.
  • Karl Wippermann :  Minutoli, Julius Freiherr v . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 21, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1885, pp. 772-776.
  • Margret Dorothea Minkels: Travel on behalf of Prussian kings drawn by Julius von Minutoli . Norderstedt 2013, ISBN 978-3-7322-7919-7 .
  • Harry Nehls: The marble basin from the Julius von Minutoli collection. In: Islamic Art in Berlin Collections - 100 Years of the Museum of Islamic Art in Berlin, ed. v. Jens Kroeger. Parthas Publishing House. Berlin 2004, pp. 62–65 (with illustration of Julius v. Minutoli's tombstone in the cemetery in Tehran).
  • Harry Nehls: Review of Dorothea Minkels "1848 drawn ...". In: Yearbook for Brandenburg State History Vol. 56. Berlin 2005, pp. 254-256.
  • Harry Nehls: Doctorate in absentia - The three "academic" sons of Freiherr Heinrich von Minutoli: Adolph, Julius and Alexander von Minutoli . In: The Bear of Berlin, yearbook of the Association for the History of Berlin 67, 2018, pp. 29–56.
  • Gothaisches genealogical pocket book of the baronial houses 1874. Fourth and twentieth year, p.465f
  • Gothaisches genealogical pocket book of the baronial houses 1878. Eighth and twentieth year, p.504
  • Gothaisches genealogical pocket book of the baronial houses 1893. Forty-third year, p.596
  • Joachim S. Karig, Dorothea Minkels: Heinrich Menu von Minutoli and his outstanding family , Norderstedt 2019, ISBN 978-3-7481-7568-1 .

Exhibitions

  • “In the germinal time of democracy Berlin police president - Julius von Minutoli for his 200th birthday”. Center for Berlin Studies, Breite Strasse 36 Berlin. (August 30, 2004 to January 29, 2005)
  • "Julius von Minutoli (1804-1860) rysownik - policjant - dyplomata". Biblioteka Raczynskich - Muzeum Literackie H. Sienkiewicza, Poznań (Posen / Poland), Stary Rynek 84. (March 1 to 31, 2005)
  • "Stopover in Bamberg: Julius von Minutoli (1804-1860) between Berlin and Persia". Exhibition in the Bamberg City Archives, November 16, 2005 to January 27, 2006;
  • “In the germination time of democracy Berlin police president - Julius von Minutoli”, exhibition in the foyer of the Berlin police headquarters, July 20 to August 10, 2006.

Web links

Commons : Julius Rudolph Ottomar Freiherr von Minutoli  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Kösener Corpslisten 1960, 66 , 42
  2. ^ Rainer Paetau (edit.): The protocols of the Prussian State Ministry 1817–1934 / 38. Volume 5. In: Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences (Ed.): Acta Borussica . New episode. Olms-Weidmann, Hildesheim 2004, ISBN 3-487-11002-4 , p. 374, bbaw.de ( Memento from January 21, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 2.3 MB).
  3. ^ Margret Dorothea Minkels: Alexander von Minutoli, the founder of the 1st arts and crafts museum in the world (1844) . Norderstedt 2018, ISBN 978-3-7460-6982-1 , p. 456, 467-468 .
  4. ^ Margret Dorothea Minkels: Journeys on behalf of Prussian kings drawn by Julius von Minutoli . Norderstedt 2013.
  5. ^ History of the Rotenhan family older line , Volume 2- 1865, p. 587 f.
  6. ^ Dates of death according to Dorothea Minkels: Drawn in 1848: the Berlin police chief Julius von Minutoli . 2015, p. 360 , partial view
  7. ^ Margret Dorothea Minkels: Alexander von Minutoli, the founder of the 1st arts and crafts museum in the world (1844) . Norderstedt 2018, ISBN 978-3-7460-6982-1 , p. 486 and 554 .
personal data
SURNAME Minutoli, Julius of
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Minutoli, Julius Rudolph Ottomar Freiherr von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Prussian police director, politician, scientist, writer
DATE OF BIRTH August 30, 1804
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin
DATE OF DEATH November 5, 1860
Place of death Kaneh Zenjan caravanserai near Shiraz , Persia