Julius Schwarzbauer

Julius Schwarzbauer , also Schwarzbaur (born March 28, 1873 in Ochsenhausen , † after 1940 in the United States ) was a South German musical instrument and organ builder . He lived in Mindelheim and emigrated to the United States in 1928.

Life

Julius Schwarzbauer was born in the spring of 1873 in the Swabian town of Ochsenhausen near Biberach . His parents were the master joiner Johann Nepomuk Schwarzbauer and his wife Karolina, née Stiefenhofer. He learned the carpentry trade from his father. From 1890 he continued the organ building workshop of Albert Krebs, who had previously taken over from Othmar Sauter. With his brother Eberhard Schwarzbauer (1875–1939), who was two years his junior, he founded his own organ building company "Gebrüder Schwarzbauer" in his home town of Ochsenhausen in 1898.

On July 19, 1900, he married Josephine Stölzle (1870–1930), who was born there in Mindelheim. From this marriage the four daughters Lya (* 1900), Anna (* 1902), Martha (* 1903) and Josephine (* 1905) as well as the son Julius (* 1908) emerged.

In 1901 he moved his workshop to Mindelheim. During the First World War , Schwarzbauer served as a soldier in the Kingdom of Bavaria in the artillery from October 1914 .

After his company went bankrupt in the mid-1920s, Julius Schwarzbauer emigrated with his family to the USA in August 1928, where he settled first in Missouri and later in New York and worked as an organ tuner . His wife Josephine died in June 1930 in St. Louis, Missouri. At the beginning of 1936, Schwarzbauer submitted an application for naturalization, which also shows that at the time, apart from his daughter Anna, all of his children were living in New York. In the US census in April 1940, he was recorded at the age of 67 years with the residence in the Jackson Avenue in the Bronx (New York City) and the occupation organ tuner (German: " organ tuner ").

Organ building

From 1900 to 1924 Julius Schwarzbauer built around 100 organs with pneumatic cone shutters for parish churches and chapels in the Allgäu and Swabia. Not many of them have survived today. He carried out numerous alterations and repairs on older organs and made smaller instruments such as pianos . In his workshop he also trained apprentices to become organ builders.

Its cases often show historicizing forms. In terms of sound, his instruments are indebted to the late Romantic era; his last instruments already show features of the Alsatian organ reform . His works also include concert hall organs, which are located in a complete swell box .

During the period of inflation, the company went bankrupt around 1924 and the workshop was taken over by Hans Dolp (1887–1943).

List of works

year	place	church	image	Manuals	register	Remarks
circa 1900	Mattsies	Assumption Day				not received
1900	Dorschhausen	St. Mary's Visitation		II / P	15th	Renovation by Sandtner; historical prospectus of the Schwarzbauer organ reused in a modified form
1900	Vineyard	St. Martin's Basilica		II / P	22nd	Choir organ , new building behind the Gabler Prospect; not received
1906	Schönebürg	Kreuzberg Church		II / P	10	pneumatic play and stop action, cone box, 3 fixed combinations (p, mf, f), Renovation 1985; receive
1906	Animal heads	Parish church		II / P	27	new organ work
1906	Kirchhaslach	Assumption Day		II / P	27	new organ work; receive
1907	Westendorf	St. George
1908	Bubesheim	St. Mary's Birth				Renovation in 1988 by the Offner organ building company
around 1910	Illerzell	Ortisei
1913/1914	Dirlewang	Parish Church of St. Michael
1914	Gennach (Langerringen)	Parish Church of St. John		II / P	26th
1916	Lechbruck am See	Parish Church of the Visitation of the Virgin Mary				not received
1914	Regret	Parish Church of St. George				Installation of a new organ by Julius Schwarzbauer while preserving the old case; this was again replaced by a new instrument in 1988 (see photo)
1918	Schnerzhofen	Sanctuary of St. Anthony of Padua
1919/1920	Batzenhofen	Parish Church of St. Martin				Opus 58, pneumatic cone chest organ; received, but a new building is planned
1920	Schwabniederhofen	Parish Church of the Holy Cross				The case and wooden pipes of the Schwarzbauer organ were integrated into a new organ
	Mittelneufnach	Parish Church of St. John Evangelist		II / P	11	pneumatic action; in the Valley Organ Center

literature

• Hermann Fischer , Theodor Wohnhaas : Lexicon of southern German organ builders . Florian Noetzel Verlag, Wilhelmshaven 1994, ISBN 3-7959-0598-2 , p. 79 .
• Mayr, Manecke: Historic organs in Upper Swabia. The district of Biberach. Schnell & Steiner, Regensburg, 1995.
• Christian Kohler: Organs and organ builders in the Allgäu from 1850 to the present. Diploma thesis, University of Music Augsburg / Nuremberg 2007.

Web links

• Julius Schwarzbauer in the Bavarian Musicians' Lexicon Online (BMLO)
• Julius Schwarzbauer in the Virtual Library of Musicology
• Julius Schwarzbauer in the Bavarian Bibliography

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c} War Root Rolls of the Kingdom of Bavaria , viewed on ancestry.de on April 19, 2017.
2. ^ Fischer, Wohnhaas: Lexicon of south German organ builders. 1994, S. YY
3. ↑ ^{a b c} naturalization document of January 28, 1936, viewed at ancestry.de, April 19, 2017.
4. ↑ ^{a b} Hermann Fischer: 100 Years of the Association of German Organ Builders. Orgelbau-Fachverlag, 1991, ISBN 978-3-921-84818-0 , p. 290 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
5. ↑ ^{a b c d} Julius Schwarzbauer , ulmer-orgeln.de, accessed on April 19, 2017.
6. ↑ organ builder Schwarzenbauer , ulmer-orgeln.de, accessed on 19 April 2017th
7. ^ Paul Marie Guillaume Joseph de Wit: Journal for instrument making. 1915 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
8. ↑ US-Census 1940, accessed on ancestry.de on April 19, 2017.
9. ^ Uwe Pape: Organ building workshops and organ builders in Germany from 1945 to 2004. 2004, ISBN 978-3-921-14066-6 . ( limited preview in Google Book search).
10. ^ Mattsies: Die Kirchenorgel , mattsies.info, accessed April 19, 2017.
11. ↑ Schwarzbauer-Orgel Dorschhausen , sandtner-orgelbau.de, accessed on April 19, 2017
12. ↑ The organ in the Schönebürg Church ( memento of the original from February 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , ulmer-orgeln.de, accessed on April 19, 2017. 
13. ↑ ^{a b} Organ Prospectus, bistum-augsburg.de, accessed on April 19, 2017.
14. ^ Church history of St. George. st-georg-westendorf.de, accessed on April 19, 2017.
15. ↑ Historical organs , bistum-augsburg.de, accessed on April 19, 2017.
16. ^ The organ of the parish church. kirche-lechbruck.de, accessed on April 19, 2017.
17. ↑ St. Martin Batzenhofen
18. ↑ Organ report 2012 , orgelfreunde.gmxhome.de, accessed on April 19, 2017.
19. ^ Jos: Schwabniederhofen: New organ makes church a cathedral in terms of sound. merkur.de, accessed on April 19, 2017.