Kōbu Tetsudō
| Kōbu Tetsudō
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|---|---|
 |
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| legal form | Kabushiki-gaisha (joint stock company) |
| founding | March 31, 1888 |
| resolution | October 1, 1906 |
| Reason for dissolution | nationalization |
| Seat | Tokyo , Tokyo Prefecture |
| Branch | Railway company |
| Kōbu Tetsudō | |
|---|---|
The Kōbu Tetsudō ( Japanese 甲 武 鉄 道 ) was a private Japanese railway company . After it was founded in 1888, it built and operated part of today's Chūō main line between Ochanomizu and Hachiōji in Tokyo Prefecture . In 1904, it was the first Japanese railway company to electrify an existing railway line (the Iidamachi - Nakano section ). It was nationalized two years later.
history
In 1883, a group of business people unsuccessfully sought a concession to build a horse-drawn tram from Shinjuku along the Tamagawa Aqueduct to Hamura . In a second attempt in 1886, the route between Shinjuku and Hachiōji should now follow the historic main street Kōshū Kaidō , but this met with resistance from affected residents. For this reason, those responsible changed the route between Shinjuku and Tachikawa to a dead straight line of more than 27 km in length, which at that time led away from the existing settlements through fields and forests on the Musashino Plateau. The concession was changed to the operation of a conventional railway and the influential politician Ōkuma Shigenobu assured his support. Immediately after the building permit was granted, the Kōbu Tetsudō was formally founded on March 31, 1888 in Tokyo .
On April 11, 1889, the Kōbu Tetsudō opened the first section of the "city line" ( 市街 線 , Shigai-sen ) between the Shinjuku station on what was then the western outskirts of Tokyo and the Tachikawa station . Exactly four months later, on August 11, the line reached beyond Tachikawa to Hachiōji station . The company sought to extend its route further into downtown Tokyo and was granted a concession to do so in 1893. The Shinjuku – Ushigome (now Iidabashi ) section went into operation on October 9, 1894, followed by the Ushigome– Iidamachi section on April 3, 1895.
The Kōbu Tetsudō took on a pioneering role when it carried out the first electrification of an existing railway line in all of Japan on August 21, 1904 between Iidamachi and Nakano . The overhead line stretched over the 10.9 km long section delivered 600 V DC voltage . Two-axle railcars imported from the USA with electrical components from General Electric and chassis from JG Brill Company were used . They were 10 m long and could be coupled together in double traction . With the commissioning of the also electrified section Iidamachi - Ochanomizu on December 31, 1904, the railway line reached its maximum length of 44.7 km.
In Shinjuku it was possible to switch to the ring line of the Nippon Tetsudō (later Yamanote Line ), in Hachiōji the Kōbu Tetsudō made a connection to the first section of the Chūō main line built by the state railway from August 1, 1901 . As a result of in March 1906 by the Japanese parliament adopted nationalization law the railway company became the property of the state on October 1, 1906th The purchase price of 14.6 million yen also included 13 locomotives, 62 passenger cars and 266 freight cars . The Shigai-sen henceforth also formed part of the Chūō main line.
Individual evidence
- ↑ 会 社 線 の 歴 史. (PDF, 823 kB) Musashino City Council, accessed on January 6, 2020 (Japanese).
- ↑ 鉄 道 布設 免 許 状 下 付. In: Official Gazette. National Library of Parliament , April 6, 1888, accessed January 6, 2020 (Japanese).
- ↑ 鉄 道 布設 免 許 状 下 付. In: Official Gazette. National Library of Parliament, April 9, 1889, accessed January 6, 2020 (Japanese).
- ↑ 鉄 道 運輸 開始. In: Official Gazette. National Library of Parliament, August 10, 1889, accessed January 6, 2020 (Japanese).
- ↑ 運輸 開業 免 許 状 下 付. In: Official Gazette. National Parliamentary Library, October 10, 1894, accessed January 6, 2020 (Japanese).
- ↑ 運輸 開業 免 許 状 下 付. In: Official Gazette. National Parliamentary Library, April 6, 1895, accessed January 6, 2020 (Japanese).
- ^ Teruo Kobayashi: Progress of Electric Railways in Japan. (PDF, 2.1 MB) In: Japan Railway & Transport Review. East Japan Railway Culture Foundation, December 2005, accessed January 6, 2020 .
- ↑ Ken'ichi Sawayanagi, Yasushirō Takasago: 旧 型 国 電車 両 台帳 院 電 編 . JR Earl, Tokyo 2006, ISBN 4-88283-906-7 .
- ↑ 電車 運 転 開始. In: Official Gazette. National Parliamentary Library, January 12, 1905, accessed January 6, 2020 (Japanese).
- ↑ 鉄 道 国有 法 ・ 御 署名 原本 ・ 明治 三十 九年 ・ 法律 第十七 号. Parliament of Japan Digital Library, 2015, accessed January 6, 2020 (Japanese).
- ↑ Eiichi Aoki: 鉄 道 の 地理学 . WAVE Publishing, Chiyoda 2008, ISBN 978-4-87290-376-8 , pp. 94 .